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Language: Proto Malagasy

Source/Author:  Sander Adelaar 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:mlg  Glottocode: mala1537 
Notes:  Two stages can be distinguished for Proto Malagasy: PMLG1 (just before the migrations of Southeast Barito speakers to East Africa); PMLG2 (language ancestral to current MLG dialects; shows a Bantu substratum + Bantu loanwords). The current list represents MLG2. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Sander Adelaar  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Greater Barito:East:Malagasy 
Map  Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 43 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
4 leg/foot      
21 to think      
70 to shoot word info      
71 to stab, pierce      
72 to hit word info      
96 dog      
110 spider      
124 sea      
126 lake      
150 yellow      
178 that      
179 near      
144 to burn word info *(C)uru   98  
107 worm (earthworm) *(h)uleT   36  
53 person/human being *(h)ulun   17  
193 if *(l,r)aha *i   88  
40 to drink *(u)m-inum   1  
89 to hold word info *-ta(h)(a)N   55  
61 house *Daŋo < Banjar Malay 18 L
14 belly *Duuk ? 31  
173 at *aN-   22  
191 all *abi < (Old) Malay *habis 32 L
143 fire *afu   1  
118 grass *aheT   34  
194 how? word info *ahuan   70  
181 where? word info *aia   89  
194 how? word info *akuri uncertain etymology 76  
127 woods/forest *ala   1  
167 night *alem   20  
176 below *ambani < *aŋ-wa-ni 'at bottom of it' 1  
175 above *ambuni < *aŋ-wu-ni 'on top of it' 2, 27  
56 child *anak   1  
168 day *andru   1  
162 old word info *anteT   72  
210 One Thousand word info *ariwu < Malay sa-ribu 5, 4 L
17 liver *ate   1  
98 egg *atuli   1  
19 shoulder *awae   1  
7 to come *awe   70  
63 name *aŋaran   1  
174 in, inside *aŋateni < *aŋ-ate-ni 'in heart of it' 74  
136 wind *aŋin   1  
153 big *bey   46  
106 snake *bibi *lawa *bibi 'animal' = Bantu; *lawa 'long' 70 L
82 dull, blunt *dumbu   29  
200 Four word info *efaT   1  
100 wing *elaT   23  
202 Six word info *enem   1  
68 needle *fanjaiT   45  
121 sand *fasi[C] < Malay 18 L
66 to tie up, fasten *fehe   139  
88 to squeeze word info *fia(C) weak etymology 76  
203 Seven word info *fitu   1  
154 short word info *fuhe < Bantu 47 L
206 Ten word info *fulu   5  
148 white *futi   1 L
161 shy, ashamed *h<um>eŋaT   80  
190 other *hafa   70  
108 louse word info *hau < Bantu 33 L
3 right *hawanan   1, 62  
2 left *hawia[n]   1, 42  
41 to bite *hehet   20  
135 lightning *helaT   1  
103 meat/flesh *hena   55  
111 fish *hena SA: ? not clear whether originally 'fish' or 'fish' and 'meat'    
161 shy, ashamed *heŋaT   80  
37 to eat *hinan   1  
134 thunder *huDuk ~ *kuDuk   2  
105 tail *huhi   1, 59  
12 skin *hulit   1  
185 we word info *i *ahai exclusive 76  
182 I *i *ahu   1  
185 we word info *i *tikaN inclusive 2, 75  
189 who? word info *i[y]a   59  
184 he/she *i[y]e   1  
158 narrow *ifiT   68  
183 thou *iha   36  
188 what? word info *inun   61  
197 One word info *irai   21  
187 they *ire *u   1, 67  
177 this *iti   10  
41 to bite *kaiket      
152 small *kele   126  
79 stick/wood *kubai   51  
8 to turn word info *kuliŋ   96  
54 man/male *lahi   2  
6 road/path *lalan   1  
13 back word info *lambu/siN < Malay 47 L
155 long word info *lawa   27, 101  
146 ash *lawenun   95  
180 far *lawiT   100  
95 to fall word info *lawu   1  
128 sky *laŋit   1  
141 wet *leeN (weak etymon) 118  
32 tongue *lela   4  
208 Fifty word info *lima-m-pulu   1, 2  
201 Five word info *lime   1  
112 rotten word info *lu < S. Sulawesi 108 L
24 head *luha   84  
82 dull, blunt *lumbu   3  
123 to flow *m-ili[N]   56  
138 warm word info *ma-fana   1  
39 to cook word info *ma-handru   102  
20 to know, be knowledgeable *ma-hilala ? could be borrowed on account of *-a 18 (L?)
46 to see *ma-hita LW on account of -a? 1 L?
147 black *ma-intem   1  
151 green *ma-itsu < Malay 25 L
159 wide *ma-lalak   27  
10 dirty *ma-lutu < S.Sulawesi 108  
13 back word info *ma-lutu < S. Sulawesi 108 L
156 thin word info *ma-nifi      
160 painful, sick *ma-rare   118  
22 to fear *ma-tahut   1  
139 cold word info *maN- + *ha-tsiaka < S. Sulawesi 130 L
140 dry word info *maiK   113  
140 dry word info *maiN   113  
84 to plant *mam-bule   1  
80 to split word info *mamaki < *maN- *waki 95  
109 mosquito *mamu   1, 101  
109 mosquito *mamu X    
74 to kill *mamunu < *maN= + *wunu 1  
44 to hear *man-dreŋe   1  
78 to cut, hack word info *manampak < *maN- + *tampak 25  
5 to walk *mandeha *man- + *leha 61  
48 to sleep *mandre *maN- + re 34  
49 to lie down word info *mandre (?) *maN- + re (?) 110  
36 to spit *mandrura < maN- + *rura 1  
35 to vomit *mandua < *maN- + *lua 8  
157 thick word info *manewe *maN- + *tewe 26  
94 to throw word info *manurak < *maN- + *turak 1, 118  
93 to pound, beat word info *manutu < *maN- + *tutu 20  
45 eye *masu < Bantu 36 L
75 to die, be dead *mate   1  
172 to climb word info *maŋ-anik   1  
29 to sniff, smell *maŋ-imbu smell, sniff 36  
29 to sniff, smell *maŋ-imbu X    
196 to count *maŋ-isa   87  
47 to yawn *maŋ-uaT   19  
29 to sniff, smell *maŋ-uruk smell, sniff, kiss 120  
90 to dig *maŋgali < *maN= + *hali 1  
50 to dream *maŋu-nufi   1  
149 red *mena   1, 39  
28 to breathe *mi-aeŋ   23  
83 to work word info *mi-aeŋ   83  
76 to live, be alive *mi-aiŋ be alive, breathe 83  
83 to work word info *mi-asa = work in general 94 L
87 to swell word info *mi-buntiŋ < Malay 49 L
37 to eat *mi-h<um>an   1  
77 to scratch word info *mi-hauT   44  
69 to hunt word info *mi-haya   87  
33 to laugh *mi-hehe   107  
38 to chew word info *mi-huta   69  
9 to swim *mi-laŋu   1  
42 to suck *mi-nunu   76  
51 to sit *mi-peDak   163  
85 to choose *mi-pili   1  
92 to open, uncover *mi-su[ŋ]kaT   26  
137 to blow word info *mi-tiuk < Malay 1, 19 L
52 to stand *mi-tsaŋgaŋ   101  
86 to grow word info *mi-tumbu   1  
91 to buy *mi-wili   1  
109 mosquito *muuk   1, 111  
109 mosquito *muuk X    
186 you *nau   9  
31 tooth *nife   1  
103 meat/flesh *nufu(T) < Bantu    
18 breast *nunu   3  
23 blood *raa   1  
60 father *rae < *ra- + *aye 22, 50  
131 cloud word info *rahun   1  
113 branch word info *rantsaŋ < Malay 63 L
122 water word info *ranu   10  
165 bad, evil *rati   116  
114 leaf *rawen   1  
81 sharp *raŋit   43  
59 mother *rene < *ra- + *ine 1, 93  
136 wind *riwut < Malay 24 L
198 Two word info *ru(a,e)   1  
207 Twenty word info *rua-m-pulu   3, 6  
145 smoke word info *seDuk   90  
192 and *si   66  
125 salt *sira < Malay 1 L
205 Nine word info *siwe   5  
164 good *sua ancestral to all MLG dialects? 138  
19 shoulder *suruk < Malay but with metaphoric meaning change   L
34 to cry *t<um>aŋis   1  
62 thatch/roof *tafu   15, 76  
65 rope *tali   1  
43 ear *taliŋe   1  
43 ear *taliŋe   1  
13 back word info *talukut reflex talutukŭ found in Sorabe literature 1  
119 earth/soil *tane   1  
15 bone *taulaŋ   1  
169 year *taun   1  
104 fat/grease *tawe   23  
1 hand *taŋan   18  
199 Three word info *telu   1  
195 no, not *ti < Malay 68 L
156 thin word info *tifi   1  
101 to fly *tiliŋ   97  
16 intestines *tinai   1  
139 cold word info *tsi(N)tsiN   131  
139 cold word info *tsi(N)tsiN X 131  
166 correct, true *tuu   6  
170 when? word info *umbian   86  
133 rain *uran   1  
27 nose *uruŋ   1  
170 when? word info *uwian   86  
115 root *wahaT   2  
102 rat *walawu   1  
57 husband *wali < S. Sulawesi 88 L
58 wife *wali < S. Sulawesi 107 L
204 Eight word info *walu   3  
130 star *wasiaŋ compare Ma'anyan wawahiaŋ 90  
120 stone *watu   1  
163 new *wau   1  
30 mouth *wawa   1  
55 woman/female *wawe   1, 105  
76 to live, be alive *welum be alive, live 11  
117 fruit *wua   1  
129 moon *wulan   1  
26 hair word info *wulu   31  
99 feather *wulu   1  
171 to hide word info *wuni   1  
97 bird *wuruŋ < Malay 17 L
11 dust *wuwuk   56  
25 neck *wuyuŋ   131  
116 flower *wuŋe   1  
67 to sew word info *yaiT   2  
209 One Hundred word info *yatuh   4.15  
132 fog *yawun   27  
142 heavy ma-wesaT < Malay 1 L
73 to steal maŋgalaT < *maN- + *halaT 57  
64 to say mi-teŋe ? not sure 52  

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