https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Malay (Bahasa Indonesia)

Source/Author:  R. Blust, from Echols & Shadily 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:ind  Glottocode: indo1316 
Notes:  Echols, J M. & Shadily, H. (1989). An Indonesian-English Dictionary. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 3rd edition.

SA: "Sanskrit" stands for loanwords from any period between Classical Sanskrit and Middle Indian 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Debasish Roy  Checked By: Simon Greenhill + Sander Adelaar 
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Malayic:Malay 
Map 
 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 319 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
184 he/she [d]ia   18  
175 above [di] atas   1  
174 in, inside [di] dalam   1  
146 ash abu   1  
122 water word info air   2  
115 root akar   2  
182 I aku (informal) 1  
56 child anak   1  
186 you anda      
136 wind angin   1  
96 dog anjing   27  
188 what? word info apa   1  
143 fire api   1  
145 smoke word info asap   49  
62 thatch/roof atap   1  
131 cloud word info awan   1  
194 how? word info bagaimana   23  
164 good bagus for things 31  
19 shoulder bahu < Sanskrit 17 L
164 good baik for people 33  
60 father bapak *b-apa-k, ult. < Dravidian 5 L
163 new baru   1  
141 wet basah   1  
120 stone batu   1  
83 to work word info bekerja < Sanskrit 23 L
184 he/she beliau he/she (respectful)    
166 correct, true benar   1  
142 heavy berat   1  
49 to lie down word info berbaring   28  
69 to hunt word info berburu   23  
52 to stand berdiri   1  
9 to swim berenang   23  
21 to think berfikir < Arabic 22 L
5 to walk berjalan   21  
64 to say berkata < Sanskrit   L
50 to dream bermimpi   1, 37  
28 to breathe bernapas < Arabic 29 L
8 to turn word info berputar X to turn (completely, 180 degrees)    
171 to hide word info bersembunyi   1  
137 to blow word info bertiup the wind blows (< *t(V)- + *Seiup) 1, 19  
153 big besar   28  
170 when? word info bila   13  
130 star bintang   1  
117 fruit buah fruit 1  
117 fruit buah-buahan X "fruits (the category, in general)" 1  
129 moon bulan   1  
99 feather bulu   1  
116 flower bunga   1  
97 bird burung   17  
112 rotten word info busuk   56  
8 to turn word info bélok to turn (halfway, 90 degrees) 24  
107 worm (earthworm) cacing   23  
18 breast dada X "breast, chest" - not gender-specific 12  
103 meat/flesh daging   26  
113 branch word info dahan   1  
192 and dan   18  
126 lake danau   1  
23 blood darah   1  
7 to come datang   14  
114 leaf daun   1  
11 dust debu   58  
179 near dekat   28  
204 Eight word info delapan   4  
173 at di   20  
176 below di bawah   1  
181 where? word info dimana   20  
139 cold word info dingin   1  
198 Two word info dua   1  
207 Twenty word info dua puluh   3, 6  
51 to sit duduk   35  
200 Four word info empat   1  
202 Six word info enam   1  
197 One word info esa 'one' (only used to express the oneness of God) 1  
183 thou eŋkau   1  
125 salt garam orig. "garam sira" 'grain of salt' 18  
31 tooth gigi   17  
41 to bite gigit   21  
134 thunder guntur   30  
168 day hari   17  
17 liver hati   1  
138 warm word info haŋat warm 112  
27 nose hidung   1  
76 to live, be alive hidup   1, 82  
151 green hijau   25  
147 black hitam   1  
133 rain hujan   1  
127 woods/forest hutan   7  
59 mother ibu   12  
111 fish ikan   1  
177 this ini   1  
58 wife isteri Sanskrit strī 'woman; wife; female' 33 L
178 that itu   16  
165 bad, evil jahat   1  
6 road/path jalan   1  
6 road/path jalanan X 1  
68 needle jarum   1  
95 to fall word info jatuh   38  
180 far jauh   1  
132 fog kabut   1  
4 leg/foot kaki   1  
193 if kalau Sanskrit jaka + Arabic law 'if' 14 L
186 you kalian Indonesian only (lit. (you) all')    
185 we word info kami   2  
183 thou kamu   10  
3 right kanan   1, 73  
170 when? word info kapan Indonesian only, < Javanese 12 L
79 stick/wood kayu   1  
152 small kecil   28  
24 head kepala < Sanskrit 45 L
140 dry word info kering   22  
135 lightning kilat   1  
2 left kiri   1, 42  
185 we word info kita   1  
10 dirty kotor   31  
12 skin kulit   1  
150 yellow kuning   1  
108 louse word info kutu   1  
110 spider laba-laba   1  
190 other lain   2  
54 man/male laki-laki   2  
162 old word info lama X old (for things) x  
128 sky langit   1  
124 sea laut   6  
104 fat/grease lemak   24  
32 tongue lidah metathesis 4, 31  
201 Five word info lima   1  
208 Fifty word info lima puluh   1, 2  
159 wide lébar   48  
25 neck léhér   1  
37 to eat makan   1  
167 night malam   20  
161 shy, ashamed malu   20  
45 eye mata   1  
75 to die, be dead mati   1  
46 to see melihat   23  
36 to spit meludah   1  
94 to throw word info melémparkan   44  
72 to hit word info memalu to hit (with a hammer) 1  
70 to shoot word info memanah To shoot with bow 1  
172 to climb word info memanjat to climb [up a tree] 56  
39 to cook word info memasak   19  
144 to burn word info membakar   25  
80 to split word info membelah   1  
91 to buy membeli   1  
87 to swell word info membengkak   19  
92 to open, uncover membuka   1  
74 to kill membunuh   1  
88 to squeeze word info memeras   42  
85 to choose memilih   1  
78 to cut, hack word info memotong cut 41  
72 to hit word info memukul   27  
93 to pound, beat word info memukul to beat, hit, strike [bell, drum, dog, etc.] 13  
39 to cook word info menanak to cook (rice only) 1  
84 to plant menanam   2  
34 to cry menangis   1  
77 to scratch word info mencakar to scratch (for the purpose of hurting) 54  
29 to sniff, smell mencium "to kiss; smell" 30  
73 to steal mencuri < Indian languages 19 L
172 to climb word info mendaki to climb [up a slope, a mountain] 34  
44 to hear mendengar   1  
78 to cut, hack word info menetak hack 3  
123 to flow mengalir   1  
90 to dig menggali   1, 35  
77 to scratch word info menggaruk to scratch (an itch) 20  
89 to hold word info menggenggam   1  
29 to sniff, smell menghidu X not common: = Minangkabau?    
196 to count menghitung   31  
66 to tie up, fasten mengikat   1  
42 to suck mengisap   1  
47 to yawn menguap [<kuap] 19  
38 to chew word info mengunyah   16  
71 to stab, pierce menikam   31  
137 to blow word info meniup a person blows (something) 1, 19  
67 to sew word info menjahit   2  
93 to pound, beat word info menumbuk to pound [e.g. to unhusk rice] 9  
71 to stab, pierce menusuk   1  
70 to shoot word info menémbak   49  
187 they meréka < (Old) Javanese marika, a demonstrative pronoun (SA) 16 L
40 to drink minum   1  
30 mouth mulut   27  
35 to vomit muntah   1  
149 red mérah   1  
172 to climb word info naik 1. ascend [person on stairs, balloon in air, bubble in water], 2. mount/ride [a horse, carriage, car, train, airplane] 1  
63 name nama Sanskrit nāma (nāman) 'name' 12 L
109 mosquito nyamuk   1  
53 person/human being orang   20  
138 warm word info panas hot 1  
155 long word info panjang   24  
121 sand pasir   18  
55 woman/female perempuan   29  
14 belly perut   32  
13 back word info punggung   24  
148 white putih   1  
154 short word info péndék   68  
26 hair word info rambut   20  
153 big raya big, but limited in use like Indonesia raya, jalan raya (boulevard/big road), hari raya (holiday/big day), jagat raya (universe), etc 1  
61 house rumah   1  
118 grass rumput   27  
160 painful, sick sakit   1  
197 One word info satu   1, 16  
182 I saya (formal) lit. (your) servant, < Sanskrit   L
100 wing sayap   26  
117 fruit sebiji buah X "a piece of fruit" 1  
205 Nine word info sembilan   10  
158 narrow sempit   68  
191 all semua < Sanskrit 33 L
206 Ten word info sepuluh   5  
209 One Hundred word info seratus   4  
210 One Thousand word info seribu   5  
189 who? word info siapa   12  
57 husband suami < Sanskrit 42 L
18 breast susu 1. woman's breasts, 2. milk [more often the latter, although originally it meant the former] 1  
20 to know, be knowledgeable tahu   1  
169 year tahun   1  
81 sharp tajam   1  
22 to fear takut   1  
65 rope tali   1  
119 earth/soil tanah   1  
1 hand tangan   18  
157 thick word info tebal   26  
43 ear telinga   1  
98 egg telur   1  
101 to fly terbang   18  
33 to laugh tertawa   1  
195 no, not tidak < *tey 'not' + *ada 'there is) + end glottal stop 68, 109  
48 to sleep tidur   1, 70  
199 Three word info tiga   8  
102 rat tikus   22  
156 thin word info tipis   1, 44  
162 old word info tua old (for people) 1  
203 Seven word info tujuh   4  
15 bone tulang   1  
86 to grow word info tumbuh   1  
82 dull, blunt tumpul   3  
106 snake ular   2  
16 intestines usus < Javanese 24 L
105 tail ékor   1  

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