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Language: Hainan Cham

Source/Author:  Zheng Yiqing / Graham Thurgood 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:huq  Glottocode: tsat1238 
Notes:  Most of the data is from Zheng (1997) but some is from fieldwork done by Graham and Ela Thurgood, Ouyang Jueya, and Jiang Di in the summer of 2004 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Graham Thurgood  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Chamic:Highlands:Chru-Northern:Northern Cham 
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Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 20 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand ŋa:n 33   18  
2 left ta:i 32 Mon-Khmer   L
2 left tso 33 Chinese   L
3 right ziu 33 Chinese   L
3 right tʰiu 43 probably Chinese   L?
4 leg/foot ka:i 33   1  
5 to walk na:uʔ 32 go 2  
5 to walk pʰaʔ 43 walk    
6 road/path kia 55 la:n 11   1  
6 road/path la:n 11   1  
7 to come za:iʔ 32      
8 to turn word info tʰanʔ 32 tone and vowel length irregular    
9 to swim luai 33 ʔai 33 Mon-Khmer 29  
9 to swim ziu 11 Chinese   L
10 dirty kʰiʔ 43 borrowing   L
11 dust ʔbun 33 ki 33 etymology unknown    
12 skin liʔ 24   1  
13 back word info kia 33 zoŋʔ 32 etymology unknown 43  
14 belly tenʔ 32   1  
15 bone la:ŋ 33   1  
16 intestines sa:yʔ 32 etymology unknown    
17 liver ta:yʔ 32   1  
18 breast hu 11 me 33 etymology unknown    
19 shoulder pʰia 11 17? 1  
20 to know, be knowledgeable tiawʔ 32 etymology unknown    
21 to think sioŋʔ 32 Chinese    
22 to fear ʔda 11 Hlai borrowing   L
22 to fear heʔ 24 Chinese   L
23 blood sia 55      
24 head koʔ 24   1  
25 neck kuay 33 reconstructs to Proto-Chamic; borrowed from Mon-Khmer 55  
26 hair word info ʔbuʔ 24 irregular length 1  
27 nose hu 11 tʰuŋ 11   1  
28 to breathe siak 24 kʰi 33 etymology unknown    
29 to sniff, smell ñu 55 "nasal mucus"? PMP: *hiŋus 90  
30 mouth pʰa 55   1  
31 tooth (hu 11) kʰay 11   17  
32 tongue la 55   4  
33 to laugh pioŋʔ 32 kiaw 33 looks like a borrowing but seems regularly connected to PC too 31  
34 to cry hia 33   18  
35 to vomit ta 55   1  
36 to spit pʰa 55      
37 to eat huaʔ 24 Mon-Khmer borrowing, but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 19  
38 to chew word info ma 55   1  
39 to cook word info tuʔ 24      
40 to drink huiʔ 24 etymology unknown    
41 to bite kawʔ 24 Mon-Khmer borrowing, but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic    
42 to suck      
43 ear na 11 ŋa 33   1  
44 to hear məʔ 24 borrowing   L
45 eye ta 33   1  
46 to see ʔbu 55 borrowing   L
46 to see hiawʔ 24 Chinese   L
47 to yawn ʔa:wʔ 24   19  
48 to sleep piʔ 24 ta 33 Mon-Khmer borrowing but appears to reconstruct to Proto-Chamic 29  
49 to lie down word info ʔdi 55   27  
50 to dream pay 33   1  
51 to sit tʰoʔ 43   35  
52 to stand lit 24 Chinese   L
53 person/human being za:ŋʔ 32   20?  
54 man/male kay 33   2  
55 woman/female may 33   126  
56 child naʔ 24   1  
57 husband sa:ŋ 11 etymology not clear 41  
58 wife tʰiuʔ 43 etymology not clear 32  
59 mother ʔa 11 na 11   1  
60 father ma 11   1  
61 house sa:ŋ 33   15  
62 thatch/roof la:ŋ 33      
63 name nan 33   1  
64 to say poyʔ 24 speak    
65 rope lay 33   1  
66 to tie up, fasten kaʔ 24 tie rope 1  
67 to sew word info siʔ 24   2?  
68 needle sun 11   1  
69 to hunt word info po 55 kʰiayʔ 32 etymology unknown    
70 to shoot word info na 55   1  
71 to stab, pierce tsui 33 etymology unknown    
72 to hit word info po 55 etymology unknown    
73 to steal keʔ 24 medial irregular; ultimately a borrowing from Mon-Khmer    
74 to kill leʔ 24/55 tonal alternation unexplained    
75 to die, be dead ta:yʔ 32   1  
76 to live, be alive tʰiuʔ 43   1  
77 to scratch word info kʰiaw 11 etymology unknown    
78 to cut, hack word info kʰet 24 fell (tree)    
78 to cut, hack word info tʰuən 11 fell (tree)    
79 stick/wood kun 33 thick stick < Chinese    
80 to split word info pʰia 55 Mon-Khmer    
81 sharp loyʔ 43 etymology unknown    
82 dull, blunt pʰan 11 Mon-Khmer    
83 to work word info pʰuaʔ 43 ultimately Mon-Khmer borrowing but reconstructs back to Proto-Chamic    
84 to plant pia 33   25?  
85 to choose noŋ 33 etymology unknown    
85 to choose pi 55 etymology unknown    
86 to grow word info      
87 to swell word info pʰia 55      
88 to squeeze word info panʔ 21 etymology unknown    
89 to hold word info tsa:wʔ 21 etymology unknown    
90 to dig      
91 to buy pʰiay 11   1  
92 to open, uncover ʔbayʔ 24 etymology unknown    
93 to pound, beat word info po 55 pa 33 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic    
94 to throw word info      
95 to fall word info law 11 pʰi 55   1  
96 dog ʔa 11 sau 33   1  
97 bird nuʔ 24   1  
98 egg pʰo 55   1  
99 feather pʰiɣ 11   1  
100 wing siawʔ 24   26  
101 to fly pan 33      
102 rat na 11 ku 55   22  
103 meat/flesh lo 33 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 44  
104 fat/grease ñaʔ 24   1  
105 tail ku 33   1  
106 snake la 33   2  
107 worm (earthworm) ʔa 11 na:ŋʔ 32      
108 louse word info taw 11 head louse 1  
109 mosquito muʔ 43   1?  
110 spider -vay 33- etymology unknown    
111 fish ka:n 33   1  
112 rotten word info zo 55 Chinese   L
112 rotten word info hua 33 etymology unknown    
112 rotten word info zoʔ 55 probably Chinese   L?
113 branch word info ʔa 11 zaw 33 etymology unknown    
114 leaf lua 33 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic    
115 root kʰa 33   2  
116 flower ŋa 11   1  
117 fruit pʰo 55   1  
118 grass zəʔ 24 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 55  
119 earth/soil na 55   1  
120 stone taw 11   1  
121 sand tsua 55 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-~Chamic 32  
122 water word info ʔia 33 etymology presents problems 23  
123 to flow ʔdoyʔ 43 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 35  
124 sea siaʔ 43   1  
125 salt sia 33      
126 lake tʰoŋ 33 etymology unknown    
127 woods/forest kʰiayʔ 32   42  
128 sky ŋiʔ 24   1  
129 moon pʰian 11   1  
130 star tuʔ 24   29  
131 cloud word info na:nʔ 21   59  
132 fog vu 33 Chinese: Han   L
133 rain sa:n 11   1  
134 thunder kʰianʔ 21   2  
135 lightning      
136 wind ŋin 33   1  
137 to blow word info zuʔ 24   1  
138 warm word info ʔda:wʔ 32 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 53  
139 cold word info ʔan 33 etymology unclear 55  
140 dry word info tʰu 33   41  
141 wet sa 55   1  
142 heavy tsiawʔ 24 borrowed   L
143 fire piu 33   1  
144 to burn word info tsu 55 ulimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 30  
145 smoke word info sawʔ 24 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 49  
146 ash pʰə 11   1  
147 black ta:nʔ 32   1  
148 white ti 55   1  
149 red za 55   1?  
150 yellow ñiʔ 24   1?  
151 green ta 55 green; ripe 1  
152 small niak 24- part of compound; etymology unknown    
153 big pioŋʔ 33 ultimately of Mon-Khmer origins but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 34  
154 short word info tsat 24 probably a borrowing   L?
155 long word info ta 33   38  
156 thin word info pi 55   1  
157 thick word info su 33 Chinese   L
158 narrow tsat 24 etymology unknown    
159 wide maʔ 43 etymology unknown    
160 painful, sick kiʔ 24   1  
161 shy, ashamed      
162 old word info ha 33 kʰaw 33 first syllable 1  
163 new pʰiɣ 11   1?  
164 good na:yʔ 32 etymology unknown    
165 bad, evil saʔ 24   1?  
166 correct, true zen 11 Chinese   L
167 night ʔa 11 la:nʔ 32   20?  
168 day zay 33   17  
169 year tʰun 33   1  
170 when? word info      
171 to hide word info tʰa:wʔ 43 etymology unknown    
172 to climb word info ʔbuay 33 etymology unknown    
173 at pa 33      
173 at pa 33-      
174 in, inside la:nʔ 21   1  
175 above ta 33   1  
176 below la 33   46  
177 this ni 33   1  
178 that nan 33   1  
179 near seʔ 43 ulimately Mon-Khmer in origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic 69  
180 far ta 33   33  
181 where? word info lay 33      
182 I kaw 33   1  
183 thou ha 33   12  
184 he/she naw 33 vowel irregular if set 1 1?  
185 we word info mi 33 exclusive 2  
185 we word info ta 33 inclusive 1  
186 you ha 33 za:ŋʔ 32 same as 'thou' or 2nd + persoʰ    
187 they naw 33 za:ŋʔ 32 3rd + person 15  
188 what? word info kʰat 43 etymology unknown 19  
189 who? word info ʔa 33 za:ŋʔ 32      
190 other pʰi 55 kanʔ 21 za:ŋʔ 32   45  
191 all ʔdaw 33 borrowing   L
192 and ŋan 33   64  
193 if zi 11 ko 11 Chinese   L
193 if ʔa 11 ti 11 Chinese   L
194 how? word info si 11 lay 33      
195 no, not pu 33 etymology totally unclear    
196 to count zawʔ 24      
197 One word info sa 33   1  
198 Two word info tʰua 11   1  
199 Three word info kiɣ 33   1  
200 Four word info paʔ 24   1  
201 Five word info ma 33   1  
202 Six word info na:nʔ 32   1  
203 Seven word info su 55   4  
204 Eight word info pa:nʔ32   4  
205 Nine word info thua 11 pa:nʔ32      
205 Nine word info kaw 11 (Cantonese   L
205 Nine word info kiuʔ43 (Chinese)   L
206 Ten word info piu 55   5  
207 Twenty word info thua 11 piu 55   3, 6  
208 Fifty word info ma 33 piu 55   1, 2  
209 One Hundred word info ta 11 tu 33 [1 100] tone is odd but is right word 4?  
210 One Thousand word info phə11      

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