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Basic Vocabulary Database

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Language: Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Resources:

• Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
•  [Suggest a resource]

Change History:

Showing all of 67 entries

• Changed from "*hywəy", source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 23) - Simon Greenhill (2011-01-09 22:11:33)
• Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:28:21)
• Changed #186369 from "*r-may / *r-mey / *r-mi", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186370 from "*s-b-ru:l / *s-m-ru:l", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186374 from "*m-kaŋ, *kaŋ / *waŋ", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186378 from "*bul / *pul", "stump / tree / root", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186381 from "*mrak / *mruk", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186382 from "*m-ley / *m-ləy, *sa", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186383 from "*b-rak, *r-luŋ / *k-luk", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186386 from "*sywar / *sywa-n / *sywa-t", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186390 from "*s-la / *g-la", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186394 from "*r-wa / *s-wa / *g-wa", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186395 from "*m-bruŋ / *m-bruk", "thunder / dragon", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186401 from "*mey, *bʷar / *pʷar", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186402 from "*ka(:)ŋ, *hul / *hwa(:)l", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186412 from "*tow-n / *dow-n", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186415 from "*tsa-t, *na-n / *na-t", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186422 from "*s-ni(:)ŋ / *s-nik", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186426 from "*s-na:y / *s-ney", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186431 from "*r-tsyəy, *b-rəy / *b-ris / *ri:n", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186432 from "*tyak / *g-t(y)ik, *ʔit", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186436 from "*l-ŋa / *b-ŋa", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186439 from "*b-r-gyat / *b-g-ryat", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186440 from "*d-kəw / *s-kəw", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed #186441 from "*ts(y)i(y) / *tsyay, *g(y)ip", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:26:33)
• Changed "notes" from "Matisoff, James. 2003. Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman: System and Philosophy of Sino-Tibetan Reconstruction. Berkeley: University of California Press. Slashes denote alternate forms of the same reconstruction." - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186286 from "*g-ya / *g-ra", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186287 from "*r-kaŋ / *keŋ", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186290 from "*mu:k, *r-dul / *r-tul", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186291 from "*pʷul / *pʷil, *pun / *pin", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186292 from "*s-nuŋ / *s-nuk", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186294 from "*s-rus / *m-rus / *g-rus", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186297 from "*dz(y)o:p / *ts(y)o:p", "also means milk or to suck", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186300 from "*krok / *krak / *grok / *grak", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186303 from "*s-ke-k, *m-liŋ, *tuk / *twak", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186304 from "*kra, *ney, *sam / *tsam", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186305 from "*s-na / *s-na:r", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186307 from "*m-nam / *s-nam", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186310 from "*m-lay / *s-lay / *s-ley", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186311 from "*m-nwi(y)-k, *r(y)ay / *r(y)a-t(s)", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186314 from "*m-ts(y)il / *m-tśril", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186320 from "*dz(y)o:p / *ts(y)o:p", "also means milk or breast", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186321 from "*r-na / *g-na", "also means to hear or listen", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186323 from "*mik / *myak", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186325 from "*s-yip / *s-yup", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186326 from "*r-maŋ / *s-maŋ / *mak", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186327 from "*m-duŋ / *m-tuŋ", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186332 from "*tsa-n / *za-n", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186336 from "*k-yim / *k-yum", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186337 from "*r-miŋ / *s-miŋ", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186339 from "*g(y)it / *g(y)ik, *s-dut", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186340 from "*byar / *pyar", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186341 from "*k-rap / *k-ram, *kap", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186342 from "*ga:p / *ʔap, *m-puk", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186343 from "*r-kəw / *r-kun / *r-kut", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186344 from "*g-sat / *b-sat", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186346 from "*g-na-s, *s-riŋ / *s-r(y)aŋ", "second word: alive, raw, to be born", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186348 from "*siŋ / *sik", "tree / wood", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186352 from "*bwap / s-bwam", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186353 from "*s-ni(:)p / *s-nyap / *s-nu(:)p", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186354 from "*tu / *s-du / *m-du", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186357 from "*da:y / *ta:y", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186358 from "*s-ba(:y) / *m-ba(:y)", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186359 from "*kla-k / *kla-y / *kla-t", "alternative: *gla-k/y/t", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186363 from "*mul / *mil / *myal", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Changed #186365 from "*byam, *pur / *pir", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:23:20)
• Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-17 04:20:41)

Entries:

ID:	Word:	Item:	Annotation:	Cognacy:	Loan:
1	hand	*l(y)ak
2	left	*bʷay
3	right	*g-ya ~ *g-ra
4	leg/foot	*r-kaŋ ~ *keŋ
5	to walk
6	road/path	*lam
7	to come	*la-y
8	to turn
9	to swim
10	dirty
11	dust	*mu:k
11	dust	*r-dul ~ *r-tul
12	skin	*pʷul ~ *pʷil
12	skin	*pun ~ *pin
13	back	*s-nuŋ ~ *s-nuk
14	belly	*pu:k
14	belly	*grwat
15	bone	*s-rus ~ *m-rus ~ *g-rus
16	intestines	*pʷik
17	liver	*m-sin
18	breast	*dz(y)o:p ~ *ts(y)o:p	also means milk or to suck
19	shoulder
20	to know, be knowledgeable	*syey-s
21	to think	*s-nyam
22	to fear	*krok ~ *krak ~ *grok
22	to fear	*grak
23	blood	*s-hywəy
24	head	*d-bu-s
25	neck	*s-ke-k
25	neck	*m-liŋ
25	neck	*tuk ~ *twak
26	hair	*kra
26	hair	*ney
26	hair	*sam ~ *tsam
27	nose	*s-na ~ *s-na:r
28	to breathe	*r-sak
29	to sniff, smell	*m-nam ~ *s-nam
30	mouth	*mu:r
31	tooth	*swa
32	tongue	*m-lay ~ *s-lay ~ *s-ley
33	to laugh	*m-nwi(y)-k
33	to laugh	*r(y)ay ~ *r(y)a-t(s)
34	to cry	*krap
34	to cry	*ŋəw
35	to vomit	*m-pat
36	to spit	*m-ts(y)il ~ *m-tśril
37	to eat	*dzya
38	to chew	*g-wa-t
39	to cook	*s-glak
39	to cook	*tsyow
40	to drink	*ʔam
41	to bite	*hap
41	to bite	*tsat
41	to bite	*gam
42	to suck	*dz(y)o:p ~ *ts(y)o:p	also means milk or breast
43	ear	*r-na ~ *g-na	also means to hear or listen
44	to hear	*s-ta-s
45	eye	*mik ~ *myak
46	to see	*mraŋ
47	to yawn
48	to sleep	*s-yip ~ *s-yup
49	to lie down
50	to dream	*r-maŋ ~ *s-maŋ ~ *mak
51	to sit	*m-duŋ ~ *m-tuŋ
52	to stand	*g-r(y)ap
53	person/human being	*r-mi(y)-n
54	man/male	*pʷa
55	woman/female	*mi
55	woman/female	*nya
56	child	*tsa-n ~ *za-n
57	husband	*pʷa
58	wife
59	mother	*ma-n
59	mother	*m-na
60	father	*pʷa
61	house	*k-yim ~ *k-yum
62	thatch/roof
63	name	*r-miŋ ~ *s-miŋ
64	to say
65	rope	*rey
66	to tie up, fasten	*g(y)it ~ *g(y)ik
66	to tie up, fasten	*s-dut
67	to sew	*byar ~ *pyar
68	needle	*k-rap ~ *k-ram
68	needle	*kap
69	to hunt
70	to shoot	*ga:p ~ *ʔap
70	to shoot	*m-puk
71	to stab, pierce
72	to hit
73	to steal	*r-kəw ~ *r-kun ~ *r-kut
74	to kill	*g-sat ~ *b-sat
75	to die, be dead	*səy
76	to live, be alive	*g-na-s
76	to live, be alive	*s-riŋ ~ *s-r(y)aŋ	alive, raw, to be born
77	to scratch	*ku(:)t
77	to scratch	*hyak
77	to scratch	*m-kret
78	to cut, hack
79	stick/wood	*siŋ ~ *sik	tree / wood
80	to split
81	sharp	*s-ryam
81	sharp	*tak
82	dull, blunt
83	to work
84	to plant	*tsow-t
85	to choose	*s-ril
86	to grow
87	to swell	*bwap ~ s-bwam
88	to squeeze	*s-ni(:)p ~ *s-nyap ~ *s-nu(:)p
89	to hold
90	to dig	*tu ~ *s-du ~ *m-du
91	to buy	*b-rey
91	to buy	*r-ley
92	to open, uncover	*m-ka
93	to pound, beat	*da:y ~ *ta:y
94	to throw	*s-ba(:y) ~ *m-ba(:y)
95	to fall	*kla-k ~ *kla-y ~ *kla-t	alternative: *gla-k/y/t
96	dog	*d-kʷəy-n
97	bird	*bya
97	bird	*s-ŋak
98	egg	*t(w)i(y)
99	feather	*mul ~ *mil ~ *myal
100	wing	*duŋ
101	to fly	*byam
101	to fly	*pur ~ *pir
102	rat	*r-wak
103	meat/flesh	*sya-n
104	fat/grease	*sa:w
104	fat/grease	*tsil
105	tail	*r-may ~ *r-mey ~ *r-mi
106	snake	*s-b-ru:l ~ *s-m-ru:l
107	worm (earthworm)	*zril
108	louse	*s-r(y)ik
108	louse	*s(y)ar
109	mosquito	*kraŋ
110	spider	*m-kaŋ
110	spider	*kaŋ ~ *waŋ
111	fish	*s-ŋya
112	rotten
113	branch	*ka:k
113	branch	*ku:ŋ
114	leaf	*la
114	leaf	*lap
114	leaf	*pak
115	root	*bul ~ *pul	stump / tree / root
116	flower	*ba:r
117	fruit	*sey
118	grass	*mrak ~ *mruk
119	earth/soil	*m-ley ~ *m-ləy
119	earth/soil	*sa
120	stone	*b-rak
120	stone	*r-luŋ ~ *k-luk
121	sand	*z(l)a-y
122	water	*twəy
123	to flow	*sywar ~ *sywa-n ~ *sywa-t
124	sea
125	salt	*tsa
125	salt	*gryum
126	lake
127	woods/forest	*b-liŋ
127	woods/forest	*ram	jungle, forest, field, country
128	sky	*r-məw
128	sky	*m-ka-n
129	moon	*s-la ~ *g-la
130	star	*s-kar
131	cloud	*r-məw	also means sky / heavens
132	fog	*jan
133	rain	*r-wa ~ *s-wa ~ *g-wa
134	thunder	*m-bruŋ ~ *m-bruk	thunder / dragon
135	lightning	*s-lyap
135	lightning	*gle:k
136	wind	*g-ləy
137	to blow
138	warm
139	cold	*glaŋ
139	cold	*graŋ
139	cold	*m-glak
139	cold	*ʔ-glak
140	dry	*he:r-s
141	wet	*m-ti-s
141	wet	*s-nyak
142	heavy
143	fire	*mey
143	fire	*bʷar ~ *pʷar
144	to burn	*ka(:)ŋ
144	to burn	*hul ~ *hwa(:)l
145	smoke	*kəw
146	ash	*tal
147	black	*s-nak
148	white	*bok
149	red	*t(y)a-n
150	yellow	*hwaŋ
151	green
152	small	*z(y)əy
153	big	*ta-y
154	short
155	long
156	thin	*ba
157	thick	*tow-n ~ *dow-n
158	narrow	*gyap
159	wide	*glay
160	painful, sick	*tsa-t
160	painful, sick	*na-n ~ *na-t
161	shy, ashamed
162	old	*r-ga
162	old	*b-gres
163	new	*g-sar
164	good	*ma:y
165	bad, evil
166	correct, true	*ʔal
167	night	*ya
168	day	*nəy
169	year	*s-ni(:)ŋ ~ *s-nik
170	when?
171	to hide	*s-pʷak
171	to hide	*bip
172	to climb
173	at
174	in, inside
175	above
176	below	*ʔok
177	this	*day
178	that
179	near	*s-na:y ~ *s-ney
180	far	*dzya:l
180	far	*g-wəy-n
181	where?
182	I	*ŋa-y
183	thou	*na-ŋ
184	he/she
185	we
186	you
187	they
188	what?
189	who?
190	other
191	all	*kun
192	and
193	if
194	how?
195	no, not
196	to count	*r-tsyəy
196	to count	*b-rəy ~ *b-ris
196	to count	*ri:n
197	One	*tyak ~ *g-t(y)ik
197	One	*ʔit
198	Two	*g-ni-s
199	Three	*g-sum
200	Four	*b-ləy
201	Five	*l-ŋa ~ *b-ŋa
202	Six	*d-k-ruk
203	Seven	*s-ni-s
204	Eight	*b-r-gyat ~ *b-g-ryat
205	Nine	*d-kəw ~ *s-kəw
206	Ten	*ts(y)i(y) ~ *tsyay
206	Ten	*g(y)ip
207	Twenty	*m-kul
208	Fifty
209	One Hundred	*b-r-gya
210	One Thousand	*s-toŋ

© 2003-2024: Simon J. Greenhill , Robert Blust, & Russell Gray. (0.00819)

Please cite: Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Max Planck EVA Imprint/Impressum.