Language: Proto Northern Central Vanuatu
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 2 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2014-10-02 02:19:31)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2014-10-02 02:18:57)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
175 |
above |
*maree |
|
10 |
|
175 |
above |
*ulu |
|
47 |
|
191 |
all |
*sara |
|
49 |
|
191 |
all |
*vunu |
|
84 |
|
192 |
and |
|
|
|
|
146 |
ash |
*banoi |
volcanic ash |
|
|
173 |
at |
|
|
|
|
13 |
back
|
*adu |
|
82 |
|
13 |
back
|
*mwadu |
|
35 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
*saʔa-ti |
|
1 |
|
14 |
belly |
*tabwa-i |
|
36 |
|
14 |
belly |
*tia |
|
1 |
|
176 |
below |
|
|
|
|
153 |
big |
*laba |
|
10 |
|
97 |
bird |
*manu-ku |
bird (generic) |
1 |
|
147 |
black |
*loa |
|
40 |
|
147 |
black |
*maʔeto |
|
1 |
|
23 |
blood |
*daRa |
|
1 |
|
15 |
bone |
*suRi |
|
52 |
|
113 |
branch
|
*raga |
|
1, 21 |
|
113 |
branch
|
*ra=ra |
|
|
|
18 |
breast |
*susu |
|
1 |
|
56 |
child |
*mwara |
|
8 |
|
56 |
child |
*mwera |
|
8 |
|
56 |
child |
*natu |
|
5 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*dodo |
|
90 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*maliqo |
|
34 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*taʔe |
|
36 |
|
139 |
cold
|
*madidi |
|
1 |
|
139 |
cold
|
*malaso |
|
51 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
*tino |
|
|
|
166 |
correct, true |
*tunu |
|
|
|
168 |
day |
*bogi |
|
16 |
|
168 |
day |
*rani |
|
6 |
|
10 |
dirty |
*leba |
mud, dirt |
9 |
|
96 |
dog |
*bati |
canine |
|
|
140 |
dry
|
*ma=masa |
|
11 |
|
140 |
dry
|
*mwa(ri)toʔu |
|
|
|
140 |
dry
|
*qora |
|
29 |
|
140 |
dry
|
*qoru |
|
29 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
|
|
|
|
11 |
dust |
*avu |
ashes, lime, dust |
1 |
|
43 |
ear |
*bwero |
|
16 |
|
43 |
ear |
*daliga |
|
1, 40 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
*tano |
earth |
1 |
|
98 |
egg |
*ʔatolu |
|
1 |
|
98 |
egg |
*Rami |
crustacean eggs |
|
|
204 |
Eight
|
*walu |
|
3 |
|
45 |
eye |
*mata |
|
1 |
|
180 |
far |
*sau |
|
1 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
*muta |
|
72 |
|
60 |
father |
*mama |
|
1, 10 |
|
60 |
father |
*tama |
|
1 |
|
60 |
father |
*tata |
|
19 |
|
99 |
feather |
*mau-a |
|
6 |
|
99 |
feather |
*vulu |
|
1 |
|
208 |
Fifty
|
|
|
|
|
143 |
fire |
*avi |
|
1 |
|
143 |
fire |
*kabu |
|
19 |
|
143 |
fire |
*vaga |
|
21 |
|
111 |
fish |
*ika |
|
1 |
|
201 |
Five
|
*lima |
|
1 |
|
116 |
flower |
*vira |
|
35 |
|
116 |
flower |
*vuga |
|
1 |
|
132 |
fog |
*ma-Ravu |
|
3, 32 |
|
200 |
Four
|
*vati |
|
1, 65 |
|
117 |
fruit |
*vwa |
|
1, 26 |
|
164 |
good |
*bo(s)i |
|
108 |
|
164 |
good |
*wia |
|
1 |
|
118 |
grass |
*mwanayu |
|
31 |
|
118 |
grass |
*valisi |
|
1 |
|
151 |
green |
*keza |
|
8 |
|
151 |
green |
*malakeza |
|
8, 43 |
|
26 |
hair
|
*vulu |
|
31 |
|
1 |
hand |
*lima |
hand |
1, 64 |
|
1 |
hand |
*vara |
arm |
16 |
|
184 |
he/she |
*n(a)ia |
|
1, 6 |
|
24 |
head |
*bwatu |
|
9 |
|
142 |
heavy |
*marazi |
|
33 |
|
142 |
heavy |
*mava |
|
46 |
|
61 |
house |
*yumwa |
|
1 |
|
194 |
how?
|
*visa |
how many? |
x |
|
57 |
husband |
*a-soa |
spouse |
2 |
|
182 |
I |
*nau |
|
1, 21, 22 |
|
193 |
if |
|
|
|
|
174 |
in, inside |
*lolo |
|
1 |
|
174 |
in, inside |
*yumwa |
|
18 |
|
16 |
intestines |
*tinaʔe |
|
1 |
|
126 |
lake |
*nobu |
|
|
|
114 |
leaf |
*rau |
|
1 |
|
2 |
left |
*mawiri |
|
1, 59 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
*lewa |
leg |
37 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
*bwalo |
leg or part of leg |
33 |
|
135 |
lightning |
*vila |
|
26 |
|
17 |
liver |
*ate |
|
1 |
|
17 |
liver |
*mwabwe |
|
7 |
|
155 |
long
|
*baravu |
|
16 |
|
108 |
louse
|
*kutu |
|
1 |
|
54 |
man/male |
*ata-mwaʔane |
|
1, 14 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
*visiko |
|
10 |
|
129 |
moon |
*kabatia |
|
6 |
|
129 |
moon |
*vula |
|
1 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
*namu-ki |
|
1 |
|
59 |
mother |
*tina |
|
1 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*bwago |
|
41 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*go |
|
80 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*vwavwa |
|
1 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*zigo |
|
55 |
|
63 |
name |
*asa |
|
1, 18 |
|
158 |
narrow |
|
|
|
|
179 |
near |
*rivita |
|
101 |
|
25 |
neck |
*daleʔo |
|
42 |
|
25 |
neck |
*uʔa |
|
18 |
|
68 |
needle |
|
|
|
|
163 |
new |
*bwaro |
|
1, 47 |
|
163 |
new |
*karabwa |
|
9 |
|
163 |
new |
*vaʔou |
|
1 |
|
167 |
night |
*bogi |
|
1 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
*sivwa |
|
5 |
|
195 |
no, not |
*tika-i |
|
10 |
|
27 |
nose |
*qanisu |
[AF] really means *ᵑganisu |
1, 58 |
|
162 |
old
|
*matuʔa |
|
1 |
|
162 |
old
|
*tuai |
|
|
|
197 |
One
|
*zikai |
|
|
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
|
|
|
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
|
|
|
|
190 |
other |
|
|
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
*kara-ti |
|
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
*rara-gi |
|
|
|
53 |
person/human being |
*ʔata |
|
4 |
|
133 |
rain |
*ʔusa |
|
1 |
|
102 |
rat |
*karivi |
|
18 |
|
102 |
rat |
*kasuve |
|
3 |
|
149 |
red |
*miala |
|
1, 55 |
|
3 |
right |
*matuʔa |
|
5, 37 |
|
6 |
road/path |
*sala |
|
1 |
|
115 |
root |
*karo |
|
|
|
115 |
root |
*kawa-ri |
|
2, 41 |
|
115 |
root |
*labwe |
|
18 |
|
65 |
rope |
*kaRo |
|
56 |
|
65 |
rope |
*tali |
|
1 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
*bo |
|
52 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
*ma-da-da |
|
116 |
|
125 |
salt |
|
|
|
|
121 |
sand |
*ʔone |
|
1 |
|
124 |
sea |
*lau |
|
6 |
|
124 |
sea |
*masawa |
|
|
|
124 |
sea |
*tasi |
|
1 |
|
203 |
Seven
|
*bitu |
|
1 |
|
81 |
sharp |
*ka=kani |
|
14 |
|
81 |
sharp |
*makani |
|
14 |
|
154 |
short
|
*mwido-lo |
|
32 |
|
154 |
short
|
*vutu |
|
9 |
|
19 |
shoulder |
*bwatu |
|
65 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
|
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
*ono |
|
1 |
|
12 |
skin |
*kuli |
skin, bark |
1 |
|
12 |
skin |
*vinu-ti |
skin, husk, rind |
28 |
|
128 |
sky |
*masawa |
|
63 |
|
152 |
small |
*kiki |
|
78 |
|
152 |
small |
*riki |
|
66 |
|
145 |
smoke
|
*ʔasu |
|
2 |
|
106 |
snake |
*mwata |
|
12 |
|
110 |
spider |
*ta-lawa |
|
1 |
|
130 |
star |
*mwazoe |
|
13 |
|
130 |
star |
*vituu |
|
1 |
|
79 |
stick/wood |
*tiko |
|
|
|
79 |
stick/wood |
*wasu |
|
|
|
120 |
stone |
*vatu |
|
1 |
|
105 |
tail |
*labwe |
|
62 |
|
105 |
tail |
*qere |
|
39 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
*sagavulu |
|
5 |
|
178 |
that |
|
|
|
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
*ato |
|
1 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
*takura |
|
20 |
|
187 |
they |
*n(a)-ira |
|
1, 33 |
|
157 |
thick
|
*matolu |
|
3 |
|
156 |
thin
|
*ma-nivi=nivi |
|
1 |
|
156 |
thin
|
*maqura |
|
22 |
|
177 |
this |
|
|
|
|
183 |
thou |
|
|
|
|
199 |
Three
|
*tolu |
|
1 |
|
134 |
thunder |
*vara |
|
15 |
|
41 |
to bite |
*kaRa-ti |
|
1 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*bubu-si |
|
6, 60 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*suvi |
|
62 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*uvi |
|
4, 81 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*sere |
|
26 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
*mabu-si |
|
14 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
*maro |
|
12 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
*sova |
|
35 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
*vaga |
|
39 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
*vani |
|
83 |
|
91 |
to buy |
*voli |
|
1 |
|
38 |
to chew
|
*mama-ʔi |
|
1 |
|
38 |
to chew
|
*zamwa |
|
21 |
|
85 |
to choose |
|
|
|
|
172 |
to climb
|
*karaka |
|
|
|
172 |
to climb
|
*kara-vi |
|
|
|
172 |
to climb
|
*qalo |
|
49 |
|
7 |
to come |
*mai |
|
1 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
*savu(a) |
|
97 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
*taʔo-ni |
|
10 |
|
196 |
to count |
*eve |
|
70 |
|
196 |
to count |
*vulu-ki |
|
1? |
|
34 |
to cry |
*gara |
|
5 |
|
34 |
to cry |
*gere |
|
5 |
|
34 |
to cry |
*tei |
|
32 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
*zavi |
cut with axe |
40 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
*mate |
|
1 |
|
90 |
to dig |
*keli |
|
1 |
|
90 |
to dig |
*vezi |
|
48 |
|
90 |
to dig |
*vuti |
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
*bore |
|
10 |
|
40 |
to drink |
*inu |
|
1 |
|
37 |
to eat |
*kani |
|
1 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
*zovi |
|
13 |
|
22 |
to fear |
*mataku |
|
1 |
|
123 |
to flow |
*rave |
|
37 |
|
123 |
to flow |
*rovo |
|
37 |
|
123 |
to flow |
*sale |
|
38 |
|
123 |
to flow |
*zara |
|
33 |
|
101 |
to fly |
*ka=kava |
|
14 |
|
101 |
to fly |
*rovo |
|
1 |
|
86 |
to grow
|
*tovu |
|
1, 6 |
|
44 |
to hear |
*rogo |
|
1 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
|
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
*digi |
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
*sua |
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
*tibwa |
|
92 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
*tu=tu-ki |
|
8 |
|
89 |
to hold
|
*qo=qo-mi |
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
*ara |
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
*lako |
|
10 |
|
74 |
to kill |
*bunu-ʔi |
|
1 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*bi(ni)si |
|
5 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*ilo |
|
13 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*kila-la |
|
18 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
*mana |
|
51 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
*tayale |
|
84 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
*uru |
|
13 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
*eno |
|
1 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
*tabwa |
|
78 |
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
*maʔuri |
|
1, 76 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
*walaqa |
|
55 |
|
84 |
to plant |
*lavo |
|
10 |
|
84 |
to plant |
*ruvi |
|
9 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
*tu=tu-ki |
|
20, 2 |
|
64 |
to say |
*vasa |
|
116 |
|
64 |
to say |
*vava |
|
13 |
|
64 |
to say |
*veti |
|
47 |
|
64 |
to say |
*vwara |
|
30 |
|
77 |
to scratch
|
*karo-si |
|
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
*qaru |
|
1? |
|
46 |
to see |
*bu(nu)sil *ilo |
|
11 |
|
46 |
to see |
*kila-la |
|
18 |
|
46 |
to see |
*kita |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
*leʔo-si |
|
14, 94 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
*turu |
|
13 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
*tibwa |
|
8 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
*vana-i |
|
1 |
|
51 |
to sit |
*sake |
|
72 |
|
51 |
to sit |
*saqele |
|
118, 96 |
|
51 |
to sit |
*toka |
|
80 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
*maturu |
|
1 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*bo |
|
42 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*boni |
|
42 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*rogo |
|
62 |
|
36 |
to spit |
*loto-vi |
|
37 |
|
36 |
to spit |
*vura-i |
|
35 |
|
80 |
to split
|
*sibwa |
|
|
|
80 |
to split
|
*vora |
|
1 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
*qu=qu-mi |
|
|
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
viri |
|
16 |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
*sobwe |
pierce |
|
|
52 |
to stand |
*maraka |
|
66 |
|
52 |
to stand |
*tuʔu-ru |
|
2, 69 |
|
73 |
to steal |
*vanako |
|
1, 58 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*dumu-si |
|
50 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*zimi |
|
51 |
|
87 |
to swell
|
*tobu |
|
12 |
|
87 |
to swell
|
*vuke |
|
10? |
|
9 |
to swim |
*karu |
|
5 |
|
21 |
to think |
*do=do-mi |
|
13 |
|
21 |
to think |
*mido-do |
|
13, 72 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
*kubu-i |
|
84 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*liko-ti |
|
1, 39 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*Roʔoti |
|
77 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
*vilo-si |
|
24 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
*vile-si |
|
24 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
*lua |
|
8 |
|
5 |
to walk |
*lako |
step, walk, go |
1 |
|
83 |
to work
|
*ʔumwa |
|
1 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
*mawa-va |
|
19 |
|
32 |
tongue |
*mea |
|
7 |
|
31 |
tooth |
*bati |
|
6 |
|
31 |
tooth |
*livo |
|
1, 35 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
|
|
|
|
198 |
Two
|
*rua |
|
1 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*rara-gi |
|
46 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*talai |
|
102 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*tunu |
|
12 |
|
122 |
water
|
*bei |
|
28 |
|
122 |
water
|
*danu |
|
1 |
|
122 |
water
|
*wai |
|
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
*(k)ida |
|
|
|
185 |
we
|
*qama(m)i |
|
|
|
141 |
wet |
*meeu |
wetness |
|
|
188 |
what?
|
*sava |
|
1 |
|
170 |
when?
|
*gaisa |
|
1 |
|
181 |
where?
|
*bea |
|
3, 35 |
|
148 |
white |
*ovo=ovo |
|
101 |
|
148 |
white |
*voqe |
|
13 |
|
189 |
who?
|
*sei |
|
1 |
|
159 |
wide |
*qeqe |
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
*a-soa |
spouse |
1 |
|
136 |
wind |
*lagi |
|
1, 77 |
|
100 |
wing |
*bani |
|
2 |
|
100 |
wing |
*kaba-u |
|
1, 12 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
*vavine |
|
1, 106 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
|
|
|
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*sulati |
|
1, 8 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*udu |
|
|
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*weli |
|
|
|
169 |
year |
*sukawa |
|
29 |
|
169 |
year |
*taʔu-ni |
|
1 |
|
150 |
yellow |
*ago=ago |
|
|
|
186 |
you |
*iqo |
|
|
|
186 |
you |
*qamuyu |
|
1, 13 |
|