Language: Proto Siraya
Source/Author: | Sander Adelaar personal data; also: Adelaar 2014 |
Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:fos Glottocode: sira1267 |
Notes: | Based on the dialects represented in the Gospel of St Matthew text. the Utrecht Manuscript (wordlist), and some phonological features reflected in the lists provided by Tsuchida and Yamada (1991). See Adelaar, Alexander, 2014 Proto Siraya phonology, Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale (Paris) 43:1-31. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Sander Adelaar Checked By: |
Statistics: |
-
Total Data: 213
- Number of Retentions:
- Number of Loans: 1
|
Classification: | Austronesian:East Formosan:Southwest |
Map | |
Resources:
Change History:
Showing all of 10 entries
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-09-24 01:07:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-05-14 03:08:16)
- Changed #343104 from "*saat kiti-an",
"", "33",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-30 01:05:25)
- Changed #343105 from "*θuha kiti-an",
"", "14",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-30 01:05:25)
- Changed #343106 from "*rima kiti-an",
"", "",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-30 01:05:25)
- Changed #343035 from "*bali",
"", "1",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-29 10:06:29)
- Changed #343124 from "*ba-bali",
"", "",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-29 10:06:29)
- Changed #342918 from "*ma-rusuk",
"", "110",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-28 13:51:08)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2017-08-14 12:08:36)
- Language Added - sander (2017-08-14 11:17:55)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
38 |
to chew
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
to cook
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
|
|
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
|
|
|
|
83 |
to work
|
|
|
|
|
87 |
to swell
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
to hold
|
|
|
|
|
123 |
to flow |
|
|
|
|
132 |
fog |
|
|
|
|
159 |
wide |
|
|
|
|
1 |
hand |
*rima |
|
1, 64 |
|
2 |
left |
*ui |
|
1 |
|
3 |
right |
*ual |
|
1 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
*θapal |
|
55 |
|
5 |
to walk |
*d<m>a-darang |
|
21 |
|
6 |
road/path |
*darang |
|
1 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
*maxu-vering |
|
4 |
|
9 |
to swim |
*l<m>anguy |
|
1 |
|
10 |
dirty |
*ma-ru(s,θ)uk |
|
110 |
|
12 |
skin |
*baNit |
|
2, 29 |
|
13 |
back
|
*rikuθ |
|
1 |
|
14 |
belly |
*buiN |
|
81 |
|
15 |
bone |
*turaN |
|
1 |
|
16 |
intestines |
*talamey |
|
97 |
|
18 |
breast |
*uhu |
|
1 |
|
19 |
shoulder |
*taxu |
|
80 |
|
21 |
to think |
päx-dəmdəm |
|
13 |
|
22 |
to fear |
*ma-takut |
|
1 |
|
23 |
blood |
*xamax |
|
44, 39 |
|
24 |
head |
*bungu |
|
2 |
|
25 |
neck |
*rəx |
|
1 |
|
26 |
hair
|
*bukəx |
|
1 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
*mi-xinawa |
|
1 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*mutus |
|
88 |
|
31 |
tooth |
*walix |
|
2 |
|
32 |
tongue |
*θira |
|
4 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
*ma-tawa |
|
1 |
|
34 |
to cry |
*t<m>angi |
|
1 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
*m-uta |
|
1 |
|
36 |
to spit |
*ma-[d]ipax |
|
74 |
|
37 |
to eat |
*k<m>an |
|
1 |
|
40 |
to drink |
*m-i(i)t |
|
71 |
|
41 |
to bite |
*k<m>axat |
|
1 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*s<m>ipsip? |
|
1 |
|
44 |
to hear |
*x<m>ilingix |
|
1, 27 |
|
45 |
eye |
*mata |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
*k<m>ita |
|
1 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
*ma-xuap |
|
1 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
*ma-iθip |
|
108 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
*ma-liku |
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
*-maling |
|
50 |
|
51 |
to sit |
*m-i-rung |
|
57 |
|
52 |
to stand |
*m-i-tuku |
|
100 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
*tau |
|
1 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
*kaxulung |
|
72 |
|
54 |
man/male |
*parax |
|
60 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
*ina |
|
30 |
|
56 |
child |
*aNak |
|
1 |
|
57 |
husband |
*təbung |
|
46 |
|
59 |
mother |
*θa-ina |
|
1 |
|
60 |
father |
*θa-ama |
|
1 |
|
61 |
house |
*taNax |
|
56 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
*apang |
|
74 |
|
63 |
name |
*nanang |
|
1 |
|
64 |
to say |
*ma-su-su |
|
126 |
|
65 |
rope |
*tarix |
|
1 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*hali- |
|
|
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*buxut |
|
50 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
*t<m>ahi |
|
|
|
68 |
needle |
*simsim? *səmsəm? |
|
46 |
|
69 |
to hunt
|
*m-alup |
|
1 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
*bukbuk |
|
120 |
|
73 |
to steal |
*ha-uθung |
|
63 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
*ma-patay |
|
1 |
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
*muxax |
|
84 |
|
81 |
sharp |
*ma-səxingat |
|
102 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
*ma-ngihit |
|
26 |
|
84 |
to plant |
*t<m>anəm |
|
2 |
|
85 |
to choose |
*peri |
|
1 |
|
86 |
to grow
|
*tuul |
|
61 |
|
90 |
to dig |
*k<m>ari |
|
1 |
|
91 |
to buy |
*pa-iNa |
|
72 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
*maxu-Nəb |
|
51, 52 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
*p-i-a-xa-xaup |
|
71 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
*m-aθing |
|
120 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
(?) *tau-kua |
|
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
*m'atəb |
|
|
|
98 |
egg |
*p-u-pəxax |
|
55 |
|
99 |
feather |
*ilil |
|
78 |
|
100 |
wing |
*paliθ |
|
2 |
|
101 |
to fly |
*subəx |
|
66, 98 |
|
102 |
rat |
*taxuliang |
|
70 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
*baat |
|
37 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
*ximax |
|
2 |
|
105 |
tail |
*ikux |
|
1 |
|
106 |
snake |
*vulay |
|
29 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*kuray |
|
2 |
|
108 |
louse
|
*kutu |
|
1 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
*rikəx |
|
2 |
|
110 |
spider |
*rawa |
|
1 |
|
111 |
fish |
*təxəng |
|
29, 79 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
?UM mi-tupak |
|
91 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
mix-tuay |
|
112 |
|
113 |
branch
|
*pihil |
|
64 |
|
115 |
root |
*patar |
|
65 |
|
117 |
fruit |
*bua |
|
1 |
|
121 |
sand |
*lixix |
|
76 |
|
122 |
water
|
*θalum |
|
1 |
|
124 |
sea |
*baung |
|
5 |
|
125 |
salt |
*baya |
|
41 |
|
129 |
moon |
*bural |
|
1 |
|
130 |
star |
*ătatilingaxay |
|
67 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*puraray |
|
114 |
|
133 |
rain |
*udaN |
|
1 |
|
134 |
thunder |
*θəngθəng |
|
3, 98 |
|
134 |
thunder |
*xiNtax |
|
71 |
|
135 |
lightning |
*rikat |
|
1, 89 |
|
136 |
wind |
*bari |
|
2 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*pa-hiup |
|
1 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*ba-bari |
|
65 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*ma-dalat |
|
113 |
|
139 |
cold
|
*ma-harmil |
|
132 |
|
140 |
dry
|
*ma-θəkax |
|
32 |
|
141 |
wet |
*ma-hala |
|
120 |
|
142 |
heavy |
*ma-kədung |
|
52, 83 |
|
143 |
fire |
*apuy |
|
1 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
*m-i-lamax |
|
105 |
|
145 |
smoke
|
*atu |
|
93 |
|
146 |
ash |
*abu |
|
1 |
|
148 |
white |
*ma-puNi |
|
111 |
|
149 |
red |
*ma-ipəxang |
|
80 |
|
150 |
yellow |
*ma-kulian |
|
1 |
|
151 |
green |
*ma-xud(e,i) |
|
85 |
|
152 |
small |
*ma-kusing |
|
102 |
|
153 |
big |
*ma-iθang |
|
2 |
|
154 |
short
|
*(ma-)kipu |
|
48 |
|
155 |
long
|
*ma-han[g]dax |
|
103 |
|
156 |
thin
|
*p<Vl>ipix |
|
1, 69 |
|
158 |
narrow |
*ma-ləngəd? *ma-suku? |
|
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
*ma-alam |
|
92 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
*ma-nGala |
|
83 |
|
162 |
old
|
*ri(i,e) |
|
81 |
|
163 |
new |
*ba[x,h]u |
|
1 |
|
164 |
good |
*ma-riang |
|
139 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
*ma-t'[e,i] |
|
68 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
*ma-m(i)sing |
|
103 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
*dilix |
|
104 |
|
168 |
day |
*waxi |
|
17 |
|
169 |
year |
*tawil |
|
1, 22 |
|
170 |
when?
|
*manu |
|
87 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
*h<m>a |
|
62 |
|
173 |
at |
*tu |
|
28 |
|
175 |
above |
*tu babaw |
|
2 |
|
177 |
this |
*ana |
|
43 |
|
178 |
that |
*ata |
|
2 |
|
179 |
near |
*tamang |
|
120 |
|
179 |
near |
*hili |
|
119 |
|
180 |
far |
*itu-tawax (?) |
|
3 |
|
181 |
where?
|
*tu mang |
|
90 |
|
182 |
I |
*i-a[k]u |
|
1 |
|
183 |
thou |
*i-m(u)hu |
|
28 |
|
184 |
he/she |
*taini |
|
41 |
|
185 |
we
|
*i-mian |
|
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
*i-mita |
|
1 |
|
186 |
you |
*i-mumi |
|
1, 31 |
|
187 |
they |
*naini |
|
32 |
|
188 |
what?
|
*mang |
|
40 |
|
188 |
what?
|
*ma-mang |
|
40 |
|
189 |
who?
|
*ti mang |
|
2 |
|
190 |
other |
*θuma |
|
1 |
|
191 |
all |
*iməd |
|
96 |
|
193 |
if |
*iθu |
|
89 |
|
195 |
no, not |
*aku-say |
|
20 |
|
196 |
to count |
*kətən |
|
88, 89 |
|
196 |
to count |
*k<m>ətkət |
|
88 |
|
197 |
One
|
*-saat |
|
1 |
|
198 |
Two
|
*-θuha |
|
1 |
|
199 |
Three
|
*-turu |
|
1 |
|
200 |
Four
|
*-pa-xəpat |
|
1 |
|
201 |
Five
|
*-rima |
|
1 |
|
202 |
Six
|
*-(ə)nəm |
|
1 |
|
203 |
Seven
|
*-fitu |
|
1 |
|
204 |
Eight
|
*kuixpa |
|
1, 35 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
*ma-tuda |
|
7 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
*saat ki tian |
|
33 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
*θuha ki tian |
|
2 |
|
208 |
Fifty
|
*rima ki tian |
|
14 |
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
*saat ka-xatux-ang |
|
1 |
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
*saat ka-tunun-an |
|
24 |
|
27 |
nose |
*xungu(θ) |
θ is uncertain |
77, 27 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*θ<m>a-θangux |
'to smell' |
26, 70 |
|
118 |
grass |
*uθu |
'weed' |
52 |
|
157 |
thick
|
*ma-kənəm? |
(less likely) *ma-kŭnŭm |
|
|
58 |
wife |
*k-ixa-ən |
(less likely: *k-axa-ən) |
108 |
|
194 |
how?
|
*mama *[ki] *mang |
(not 23) |
86 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*bələm |
*bələm 'cloud', also 'sky' |
115 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*ma-uhu |
*ma-uhu 'to suck (baby)' |
25 |
|
7 |
to come |
*i[l]ua |
*r or *l ? |
|
|
96 |
dog |
(*)asu |
*s is suspect |
1 |
L |
43 |
ear |
*tangira |
*taringa? see Tsuchida&Yamada |
1 |
|
167 |
night |
*vixnan (?) |
+ metathesis of *b and *R? |
82 |
|
17 |
liver |
*mawax |
-> UM dialect mawax |
47 |
|
120 |
stone |
*batu |
1 |
1 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
*talding |
< UM talding |
92 |
|
11 |
dust |
*vuravur |
also *θapul 'dust powder' |
14 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*ma-vana |
also: *m-umxa, *k<m>alang |
1 |
|
74 |
to kill |
*lupux |
also: *paka-patey |
32 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
*ma-təku-təkux |
also: pa-lətu (?) |
53 |
|
116 |
flower |
*iθip (?) |
based on UM isip |
52 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
*ta(x)ta ? |
consonants uncertain |
142 |
|
192 |
and |
*ka |
has a wider application |
1 |
|
172 |
to climb
|
*max-dakin (?) |
last vowel could be schwa |
65 |
|
97 |
bird |
*ayam ka subəx |
lit. 'flying animal' |
2 |
|
80 |
to split
|
? *pa-p-u-duha |
lit. 'make into two' |
68 |
|
176 |
below |
(*tu) *θa-θəm |
lit. 'on the bottom' |
20, 37 |
|
174 |
in, inside |
*tu rəbu |
merge 41, 46, 47? |
41 |
|
147 |
black |
*ma-udim |
not (1) |
44 |
|
128 |
sky |
*ikir-ən |
only in G dialect (ikir-ən ) |
69 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
*buxung |
only in UM (vuxong) |
53 |
|
79 |
stick/wood |
*kaxyu |
partly based on data in Tsuchida&Yamada 1991 |
1 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
*ənai |
SA: < *enay 'sand' |
38 |
|
114 |
leaf |
*hapa |
SA: similarity with Japanese hapa is probably coincidental |
44 |
|
126 |
lake |
*balanga |
UM valanga |
48 |
|