Language: Proto Siraya
Source/Author: | Sander Adelaar personal data; also: Adelaar 2014 |
Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:fos Glottocode: sira1267 |
Notes: | Based on the dialects represented in the Gospel of St Matthew text. the Utrecht Manuscript (wordlist), and some phonological features reflected in the lists provided by Tsuchida and Yamada (1991). See Adelaar, Alexander, 2014 Proto Siraya phonology, Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale (Paris) 43:1-31. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Sander Adelaar Checked By: |
Statistics: |
-
Total Data: 213
- Number of Retentions:
- Number of Loans: 1
|
Classification: | Austronesian:East Formosan:Southwest |
Map | |
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 10 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-09-24 01:07:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-05-14 03:08:16)
- Changed #343104 from "*saat kiti-an",
"", "33",
"" (Word 65535) - sander (2017-09-30 01:05:25)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
38 |
to chew
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
to cook
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
|
|
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
|
|
|
|
83 |
to work
|
|
|
|
|
87 |
to swell
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
to hold
|
|
|
|
|
123 |
to flow |
|
|
|
|
132 |
fog |
|
|
|
|
159 |
wide |
|
|
|
|
96 |
dog |
(*)asu |
*s is suspect |
1 |
L |
176 |
below |
(*tu) *θa-θəm |
lit. 'on the bottom' |
20, 37 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
(?) *tau-kua |
|
|
|
154 |
short
|
*(ma-)kipu |
|
48 |
|
202 |
Six
|
*-(ə)nəm |
|
1 |
|
203 |
Seven
|
*-fitu |
|
1 |
|
50 |
to dream |
*-maling |
|
50 |
|
200 |
Four
|
*-pa-xəpat |
|
1 |
|
201 |
Five
|
*-rima |
|
1 |
|
197 |
One
|
*-saat |
|
1 |
|
199 |
Three
|
*-turu |
|
1 |
|
198 |
Two
|
*-θuha |
|
1 |
|
56 |
child |
*aNak |
|
1 |
|
146 |
ash |
*abu |
|
1 |
|
195 |
no, not |
*aku-say |
|
20 |
|
177 |
this |
*ana |
|
43 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
*apang |
|
74 |
|
143 |
fire |
*apuy |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
*ata |
|
2 |
|
145 |
smoke
|
*atu |
|
93 |
|
97 |
bird |
*ayam ka subəx |
lit. 'flying animal' |
2 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*ba-bari |
|
65 |
|
12 |
skin |
*baNit |
|
2, 29 |
|
163 |
new |
*ba[x,h]u |
|
1 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
*baat |
|
37 |
|
126 |
lake |
*balanga |
UM valanga |
48 |
|
136 |
wind |
*bari |
|
2 |
|
120 |
stone |
*batu |
1 |
1 |
|
124 |
sea |
*baung |
|
5 |
|
125 |
salt |
*baya |
|
41 |
|
117 |
fruit |
*bua |
|
1 |
|
14 |
belly |
*buiN |
|
81 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
*bukbuk |
|
120 |
|
26 |
hair
|
*bukəx |
|
1 |
|
24 |
head |
*bungu |
|
2 |
|
129 |
moon |
*bural |
|
1 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
*buxung |
only in UM (vuxong) |
53 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*buxut |
|
50 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*bələm |
*bələm 'cloud', also 'sky' |
115 |
|
5 |
to walk |
*d<m>a-darang |
|
21 |
|
6 |
road/path |
*darang |
|
1 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
*dilix |
|
104 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
*h<m>a |
|
62 |
|
73 |
to steal |
*ha-uθung |
|
63 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*hali- |
|
|
|
114 |
leaf |
*hapa |
SA: similarity with Japanese hapa is probably coincidental |
44 |
|
179 |
near |
*hili |
|
119 |
|
182 |
I |
*i-a[k]u |
|
1 |
|
183 |
thou |
*i-m(u)hu |
|
28 |
|
185 |
we
|
*i-mian |
|
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
*i-mita |
|
1 |
|
186 |
you |
*i-mumi |
|
1, 31 |
|
7 |
to come |
*i[l]ua |
*r or *l ? |
|
|
128 |
sky |
*ikir-ən |
only in G dialect (ikir-ən ) |
69 |
|
105 |
tail |
*ikux |
|
1 |
|
99 |
feather |
*ilil |
|
78 |
|
191 |
all |
*iməd |
|
96 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
*ina |
|
30 |
|
180 |
far |
*itu-tawax (?) |
|
3 |
|
116 |
flower |
*iθip (?) |
based on UM isip |
52 |
|
193 |
if |
*iθu |
|
89 |
|
58 |
wife |
*k-ixa-ən |
(less likely: *k-axa-ən) |
108 |
|
37 |
to eat |
*k<m>an |
|
1 |
|
90 |
to dig |
*k<m>ari |
|
1 |
|
41 |
to bite |
*k<m>axat |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
*k<m>ita |
|
1 |
|
196 |
to count |
*k<m>ətkət |
|
88 |
|
192 |
and |
*ka |
has a wider application |
1 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
*kaxulung |
|
72 |
|
79 |
stick/wood |
*kaxyu |
partly based on data in Tsuchida&Yamada 1991 |
1 |
|
204 |
Eight
|
*kuixpa |
|
1, 35 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*kuray |
|
2 |
|
108 |
louse
|
*kutu |
|
1 |
|
196 |
to count |
*kətən |
|
88, 89 |
|
9 |
to swim |
*l<m>anguy |
|
1 |
|
121 |
sand |
*lixix |
|
76 |
|
74 |
to kill |
*lupux |
also: *paka-patey |
32 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
*m'atəb |
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
*m-alup |
|
1 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
*m-aθing |
|
120 |
|
40 |
to drink |
*m-i(i)t |
|
71 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
*m-i-lamax |
|
105 |
|
51 |
to sit |
*m-i-rung |
|
57 |
|
52 |
to stand |
*m-i-tuku |
|
100 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
*m-uta |
|
1 |
|
36 |
to spit |
*ma-[d]ipax |
|
74 |
|
160 |
painful, sick |
*ma-alam |
|
92 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*ma-dalat |
|
113 |
|
141 |
wet |
*ma-hala |
|
120 |
|
155 |
long
|
*ma-han[g]dax |
|
103 |
|
139 |
cold
|
*ma-harmil |
|
132 |
|
149 |
red |
*ma-ipəxang |
|
80 |
|
153 |
big |
*ma-iθang |
|
2 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
*ma-iθip |
|
108 |
|
150 |
yellow |
*ma-kulian |
|
1 |
|
152 |
small |
*ma-kusing |
|
102 |
|
142 |
heavy |
*ma-kədung |
|
52, 83 |
|
157 |
thick
|
*ma-kənəm? |
(less likely) *ma-kŭnŭm |
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
*ma-liku |
|
|
|
158 |
narrow |
*ma-ləngəd? *ma-suku? |
|
|
|
166 |
correct, true |
*ma-m(i)sing |
|
103 |
|
188 |
what?
|
*ma-mang |
|
40 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
*ma-nGala |
|
83 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
*ma-ngihit |
|
26 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
*ma-patay |
|
1 |
|
148 |
white |
*ma-puNi |
|
111 |
|
164 |
good |
*ma-riang |
|
139 |
|
10 |
dirty |
*ma-ru(s,θ)uk |
|
110 |
|
64 |
to say |
*ma-su-su |
|
126 |
|
81 |
sharp |
*ma-səxingat |
|
102 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
*ma-t'[e,i] |
|
68 |
|
22 |
to fear |
*ma-takut |
|
1 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
*ma-tawa |
|
1 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
*ma-tuda |
|
7 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
*ma-təku-təkux |
also: pa-lətu (?) |
53 |
|
147 |
black |
*ma-udim |
not (1) |
44 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*ma-uhu |
*ma-uhu 'to suck (baby)' |
25 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*ma-vana |
also: *m-umxa, *k<m>alang |
1 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
*ma-xuap |
|
1 |
|
151 |
green |
*ma-xud(e,i) |
|
85 |
|
140 |
dry
|
*ma-θəkax |
|
32 |
|
194 |
how?
|
*mama *[ki] *mang |
(not 23) |
86 |
|
188 |
what?
|
*mang |
|
40 |
|
170 |
when?
|
*manu |
|
87 |
|
45 |
eye |
*mata |
|
1 |
|
17 |
liver |
*mawax |
-> UM dialect mawax |
47 |
|
172 |
to climb
|
*max-dakin (?) |
last vowel could be schwa |
65 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
*maxu-Nəb |
|
51, 52 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
*maxu-vering |
|
4 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
*mi-xinawa |
|
1 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*mutus |
|
88 |
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
*muxax |
|
84 |
|
187 |
they |
*naini |
|
32 |
|
63 |
name |
*nanang |
|
1 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
*p-i-a-xa-xaup |
|
71 |
|
98 |
egg |
*p-u-pəxax |
|
55 |
|
156 |
thin
|
*p<Vl>ipix |
|
1, 69 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
*pa-hiup |
|
1 |
|
91 |
to buy |
*pa-iNa |
|
72 |
|
100 |
wing |
*paliθ |
|
2 |
|
54 |
man/male |
*parax |
|
60 |
|
115 |
root |
*patar |
|
65 |
|
85 |
to choose |
*peri |
|
1 |
|
113 |
branch
|
*pihil |
|
64 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*puraray |
|
114 |
|
110 |
spider |
*rawa |
|
1 |
|
162 |
old
|
*ri(i,e) |
|
81 |
|
135 |
lightning |
*rikat |
|
1, 89 |
|
13 |
back
|
*rikuθ |
|
1 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
*rikəx |
|
2 |
|
1 |
hand |
*rima |
|
1, 64 |
|
208 |
Fifty
|
*rima ki tian |
|
14 |
|
25 |
neck |
*rəx |
|
1 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*s<m>ipsip? |
|
1 |
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
*saat ka-tunun-an |
|
24 |
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
*saat ka-xatux-ang |
|
1 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
*saat ki tian |
|
33 |
|
68 |
needle |
*simsim? *səmsəm? |
|
46 |
|
101 |
to fly |
*subəx |
|
66, 98 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
*t<m>ahi |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
*t<m>angi |
|
1 |
|
84 |
to plant |
*t<m>anəm |
|
2 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
*ta(x)ta ? |
consonants uncertain |
142 |
|
61 |
house |
*taNax |
|
56 |
|
184 |
he/she |
*taini |
|
41 |
|
16 |
intestines |
*talamey |
|
97 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
*talding |
< UM talding |
92 |
|
179 |
near |
*tamang |
|
120 |
|
43 |
ear |
*tangira |
*taringa? see Tsuchida&Yamada |
1 |
|
65 |
rope |
*tarix |
|
1 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
*tau |
|
1 |
|
169 |
year |
*tawil |
|
1, 22 |
|
19 |
shoulder |
*taxu |
|
80 |
|
102 |
rat |
*taxuliang |
|
70 |
|
189 |
who?
|
*ti mang |
|
2 |
|
173 |
at |
*tu |
|
28 |
|
175 |
above |
*tu babaw |
|
2 |
|
181 |
where?
|
*tu mang |
|
90 |
|
174 |
in, inside |
*tu rəbu |
merge 41, 46, 47? |
41 |
|
15 |
bone |
*turaN |
|
1 |
|
86 |
to grow
|
*tuul |
|
61 |
|
57 |
husband |
*təbung |
|
46 |
|
111 |
fish |
*təxəng |
|
29, 79 |
|
3 |
right |
*ual |
|
1 |
|
133 |
rain |
*udaN |
|
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
*uhu |
|
1 |
|
2 |
left |
*ui |
|
1 |
|
118 |
grass |
*uθu |
'weed' |
52 |
|
167 |
night |
*vixnan (?) |
+ metathesis of *b and *R? |
82 |
|
106 |
snake |
*vulay |
|
29 |
|
11 |
dust |
*vuravur |
also *θapul 'dust powder' |
14 |
|
31 |
tooth |
*walix |
|
2 |
|
168 |
day |
*waxi |
|
17 |
|
44 |
to hear |
*x<m>ilingix |
|
1, 27 |
|
23 |
blood |
*xamax |
|
44, 39 |
|
134 |
thunder |
*xiNtax |
|
71 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
*ximax |
|
2 |
|
27 |
nose |
*xungu(θ) |
θ is uncertain |
77, 27 |
|
130 |
star |
*ătatilingaxay |
|
67 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
*ənai |
SA: < *enay 'sand' |
38 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*θ<m>a-θangux |
'to smell' |
26, 70 |
|
60 |
father |
*θa-ama |
|
1 |
|
59 |
mother |
*θa-ina |
|
1 |
|
122 |
water
|
*θalum |
|
1 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
*θapal |
|
55 |
|
32 |
tongue |
*θira |
|
4 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
*θuha ki tian |
|
2 |
|
190 |
other |
*θuma |
|
1 |
|
134 |
thunder |
*θəngθəng |
|
3, 98 |
|
80 |
to split
|
? *pa-p-u-duha |
lit. 'make into two' |
68 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
?UM mi-tupak |
|
91 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
mix-tuay |
|
112 |
|
21 |
to think |
päx-dəmdəm |
|
13 |
|