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Language: Caac

Source/Author:  Jim HOLLYMAN & Maurice MWÊAU, n.d (1960- ), Le Caa 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:msq  Glottocode: caac1237 
Notes:  This kanak language is spoken by the Mwelebeng people (called 'Moenebeng' by Maurice LEENHARDT) in the North-East of New Caledonia, between the villages of Balade and Pouebo.
NOTE 1 (Source) : The data presented here comes from a non-published work of Jim HOLLYMAN and Maurice MWÊAU. This work contains a sketch of Caac grammar (phonology, morpholy and syntax), a few tales in Caac, as well as a bilingual dictionnary (Caac-French / French-Caac).
In terms of documentation and description, this work takes over from Maurice LEENHARDT's documentation and linguistics description attempt during the beginning of the 20th century.
NOTE 2 (Methodology) : The work of Jim Hollyman & al. provides two dictionnaries.
The first one translates the Caac lexical items in French and provides precise semantic features.
The second one translates the French lexical items in Caac, and provides only a translation without providing any additionnal information on the semantic features.
The second dictionnary has been used first. When there is more than one term found in Caac for one lexical entry in french, the first dictionnary and the developped semantic features it provides has been used to reduce as much as possible the variation and to keep the more relevant term (i.e. the more general one which semantic features fit the ones of the English word).
NOTE 3 (Borrowings) : The authors do not provide a list of borrowed word from another language. The borrowing is mentionned case by case. When possible, they have been removed from the data entry and a note signals it. 
Problems:  This dictionnary include a sketch of Caac grammar, but does not provide any numerals description.
The numerals in Caac have been collected by Maurice LEENHARDT. To check the Caac numerals, enter the 'Moenebeng' in the research section. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: David PIEKUT  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:New Caledonian:Northern:Extreme Northern 
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Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
175 above      
191 all cʰuxi      
192 and ma Used to coordinate two nouns within a nominal clause, or to coordinate two nominal clauses 2  
192 and name Used to coordinate two sentence    
146 ash dep   1  
173 at o      
13 back word info du:n      
165 bad, evil mwaɲ      
14 belly jic      
176 below      
153 big hã:c      
153 big hu:lac      
153 big tanevo      
97 bird menic      
147 black de:do      
23 blood kora      
15 bone du:n      
113 branch word info hin ce:c      
18 breast wã:ᵑgen      
56 child kaᵐbe      
131 cloud word info ne:ɲ      
139 cold word info a:waᶮjo      
139 cold word info caᵐbuk   12  
166 correct, true haᶮjuk      
168 day bwe      
10 dirty tiɣalon      
96 dog cawek   45  
140 dry word info meɣuk      
82 dull, blunt cera:c      
11 dust puwunu      
43 ear je:nic      
119 earth/soil dilic/bwe delic bwe : 'surface'    
98 egg pʰi:en(1)/pʰi:ɣe(2) pʰi:-en/ɣe : this morphological variation seems to be related to the phonetical environment; (1) pʰi:en menic 'bird egg"; (2) pʰi:ɣe ho 'chicken egg'    
204 Eight word info      
45 eye tʰi:va      
180 far heut      
104 fat/grease puric      
60 father cama      
99 feather pun   1  
208 Fifty word info      
143 fire jonek      
111 fish nek   9  
201 Five word info      
116 flower mu:c      
132 fog ka-tek      
132 fog maxat      
132 fog walauc      
200 Four word info      
117 fruit pwen      
164 good ɣʰo      
118 grass      
151 green pu:ɲ      
26 hair word info pun      
1 hand hik   10  
184 he/she i   1  
24 head bwan      
142 heavy pwa:lek      
61 house mwã      
194 how? word info hũ:va      
57 husband amwaon      
182 I no   1  
193 if pwame      
174 in, inside re      
16 intestines      
126 lake cʰa:c      
114 leaf dek      
2 left   1, 59  
4 leg/foot hek      
135 lightning ɲonim      
17 liver kʰi:c      
155 long word info wʰelic      
108 louse word info ci:c Means 'head louse'    
54 man/male alek   22  
103 meat/flesh      
129 moon mwanuk      
109 mosquito neᵐbwic      
109 mosquito neᵐbu:c      
59 mother nen      
30 mouth nep (1) Means 'bottem side of the face'    
30 mouth wʰan nep (2) wʰan 'hole', nep ''bottom side of the face'    
63 name ɣat      
158 narrow ho:i      
179 near cu arean      
25 neck no:n      
68 needle du:ᵐbwek      
163 new kaɣa:      
163 new pau      
167 night bwin      
205 Nine word info      
195 no, not cʰa:ᵐbwan      
27 nose      
162 old word info hu:laɣe      
197 One word info cʰec      
209 One Hundred word info      
210 One Thousand word info      
190 other aᵐban Aᵐban ãc : 'an other man'    
190 other araile Can be used to mean 'the others'    
160 painful, sick pʰa:lic Means 'sick'    
53 person/human being ãc      
133 rain kola   1  
102 rat cawek Ancient form    
102 rat ci:ᵐbwi Modern form    
149 red mi:a   1, 55  
149 red ulo   13  
3 right      
6 road/path pʰano      
115 root wa:n   2  
65 rope mweᵑgep      
112 rotten word info di:n      
125 salt      
121 sand o:n   1  
124 sea denec      
124 sea wexac      
203 Seven word info      
81 sharp cac      
154 short word info ku:ᵐbut Means 'short (in length)'    
19 shoulder bun      
161 shy, ashamed tamaran      
202 Six word info      
12 skin ci:n   1  
128 sky poa   75  
152 small mawat      
152 small pwen      
145 smoke word info pum   88  
106 snake do jen sp.    
106 snake gũ:on sp.    
106 snake hin da:n sp.    
110 spider hã:p 'ground spider which doesn't make web'    
110 spider nõᵑgin 'web spider'    
130 star piuk   1  
79 stick/wood ce:c      
120 stone pe:ic      
105 tail ciᵐbi:ɶn 'fish tail'    
105 tail tʰiŋin 'rat/bird tail'    
206 Ten word info pʰaiⁿdu      
178 that ni:le      
62 thatch/roof koɣe mwã      
187 they ra      
157 thick word info huᶮju      
157 thick word info tan      
156 thin word info te:rep      
177 this ni:ɶn      
183 thou ɣo      
199 Three word info      
134 thunder nʰi:ek   43  
41 to bite ɣac      
137 to blow word info u:i      
28 to breathe nanan      
144 to burn word info texec      
91 to buy iɣu      
38 to chew word info mʰa can Means 'to chew while sucking at something'    
85 to choose cʰamwi      
172 to climb word info tʰeva      
7 to come ame      
39 to cook word info      
196 to count pʰina:      
34 to cry go      
78 to cut, hack word info tamuna Means 'to cut (with an axe)'    
75 to die, be dead mac   1  
90 to dig ɣʰa:i 'to dig (in order to go out)'    
90 to dig cap Ancient form    
50 to dream hut      
40 to drink keⁿdek   6  
37 to eat wʰic      
95 to fall word info      
22 to fear hã:ɣa      
123 to flow cun      
101 to fly pʰuc      
86 to grow word info hu:lac      
86 to grow word info wa:ra      
44 to hear tena   80  
171 to hide word info tip      
72 to hit word info temeᶮje 'to hit (with a spear)'    
72 to hit word info waᵑgei 'to hit (with an object - wtihout any other specification -)'    
89 to hold word info cimwi   1  
69 to hunt word info cʰi:ᵐba      
74 to kill maɣei      
20 to know, be knowledgeable hi:na wʰana : 'be knowledgeable'    
33 to laugh ek      
49 to lie down word info tʰeva      
76 to live, be alive merip Means 'to be alive, healthy'    
92 to open, uncover tevi   37  
92 to open, uncover wʰa:i      
84 to plant ɣa:mwi      
93 to pound, beat word info caᵐbi   68  
64 to say heli      
77 to scratch word info hili      
46 to see hãⁿdi 'to make someone see something'    
46 to see jexa:i 'to make someone see something'    
67 to sew word info tiɣi      
70 to shoot word info meᶮje      
51 to sit      
48 to sleep keᵐben      
48 to sleep kẽũleŋ      
29 to sniff, smell cʰeneᵐbon      
36 to spit pʰuɣa      
80 to split word info ta:ᵑgali      
88 to squeeze word info      
71 to stab, pierce cʰenim      
52 to stand      
73 to steal caŋ (1) Means 'to steal (from somebody)'    
73 to steal kic (2) Means 'to steal (something)'    
42 to suck ti:vic      
87 to swell word info cʰibuk      
9 to swim ɣʰe:um      
21 to think nemi   28  
94 to throw word info meje      
66 to tie up, fasten kai      
8 to turn word info nuxei      
35 to vomit kõk      
35 to vomit mu:ja      
5 to walk ɣa:mwan      
83 to work word info poxa      
47 to yawn hoalam   19, 30  
32 tongue ku:mec      
31 tooth pe:ɣep      
207 Twenty word info      
198 Two word info      
138 warm word info nʰu      
122 water word info we   2  
185 we word info ɲi (incl.) ɣeᵐbe (excl.)      
141 wet be:ɶn      
141 wet biwet      
188 what? word info ce   1  
188 what? word info da   1  
170 when? word info tẽ:n      
181 where? word info pa   3  
148 white pʰu:lo      
189 who? word info ti      
159 wide hã:c      
58 wife ɣa:wen      
136 wind pwen ut Means 'variable wind'; a lexical opposition between this word and another has not been found    
100 wing pun hin      
55 woman/female te:vo      
127 woods/forest jec      
127 woods/forest toᶮjec      
107 worm (earthworm) be   11  
169 year jek      
150 yellow kari   14  
186 you ɣa:      

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