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Language: Cemuhî

Source/Author:  RIVIERRE Jean-Claude, 1994 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:cam  Glottocode: cemu1238 
Notes:  The data used here come from the Dictionnaire Cèmuhî-Français made by Jean-Claude RIVIERRE in 1994. This dictionnary has a Cèmuhî-French and French-Cèmuhî lexicon. This dictionnary has been made after a phonological and grammatical description of this language (1980).
Methodology used here to enter the lexical data :
- The synonymy has been reduced by going through both lexicons.
- When both simple words and compound words are possible in Cèmuhî to translate a word in the list, we have opted for the simple words (i.e made by only one lexical unit).
- Some words are presented within a possessive construction only (as possessee). This has been reflected here by a dash at the end of the word presented in this way in the lexicon, althought the possessor has not been retained.
- When a word in the list can not be translated by a single general item in Cèmuhî, some semantic specifications for each one of them have been provided in the 'author annotation' column.
In addition :
- The words used in the Tyé location are followed by (T) 
Data Entry:  Typed By: David PIEKUT  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:New Caledonian:Northern:Central 
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ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
175 above hwĩ:˧-      
175 above hĩ:˧-      
191 all ta˦i˦      
192 and ka˧      
192 and kɛ˧      
146 ash ⁿdɛ˧hĩ˧ None of those words mean prototypically 'ash', but they do share this meaning    
146 ash ⁿdɛ˧m      
146 ash ⁿdɛ˧p      
173 at ne͐ The ton of this word depends on the ton of the word it is attached to. Hence, it can be a hight ton, a middle, or a low one.    
13 back word info ᶮjɛ˧i˧-      
165 bad, evil ta˨      
14 belly na˨      
176 below hã:˦hĩ˦-      
153 big u˦n      
153 big u˦t      
153 big u˦ᵐbwɔ˦      
97 bird mə˧ni˧      
147 black ᵐbwi:˧t      
147 black ᵐbwi:˧lɛ˧      
23 blood ca˦we˦t      
23 blood cɛ˦we˦t      
15 bone ⁿdu:˧-      
113 branch word info ⁿdi˧hɛ̃˧-      
113 branch word info ⁿdi:˧hɛ̃˧-      
113 branch word info ⁿdi˧hã˧-      
18 breast ti˦-   1  
56 child ɛ˦wa˦      
131 cloud word info ni:˦      
139 cold word info ᵐbwa˧la˧      
166 correct, true mo˨mwɔ˨      
166 correct, true mu˨mwɔ˨n      
166 correct, true mwa˨mwɔ˨n      
168 day ta˨n      
10 dirty a˨li˨li˨      
96 dog wɔ˦ta˦-a˧-hɛ̃˧n      
140 dry word info mə˧i˧u˧ a.    
140 dry word info a˦ti˦ti˦ b.    
82 dull, blunt a˦ɲə:˦ᵐbwɔ˦      
11 dust mu:˦-pu˧lɛ˧ mu˦: means 'flying smoke' 105, 20  
43 ear ᶮje˧:nə˧-      
119 earth/soil ᵐbwa˧hɛ˦mwo˦      
119 earth/soil ᵐbwa˧hĩ˦mwo˦      
119 earth/soil ᵐbwɔ˧hɛ˦mwo˦      
98 egg pi˦hĩ˦-ᶮja˨ Means 'chiken egg' ; this is the only word for egg, beside 'fish eggs' that have been found in the lexicon    
204 Eight word info ni˦m ᵐbwɔ˧ mu˦ ci˦e˦ pwɔ˦-n      
45 eye na:˨mi:˨-      
180 far ko˦ᶮja˨      
104 fat/grease ᶮjɛ˧p An other lexical term phoneticly close to the one retained here, [ᶮjɛm] has been presented by a religious representative, the Father A. Colomb (1890), but without any transcription of the tons    
60 father ca:˨      
99 feather pu˨mi:˨-      
208 Fifty word info      
143 fire mi˨u˨      
111 fish i˧ku˧a˧      
201 Five word info ni˦m      
116 flower mu:˧-      
132 fog ca:˦mə˦t      
132 fog ca:˦məlɛ˦      
200 Four word info pa:˦      
117 fruit a˦cɛ˦      
164 good wã˦ɛ˦      
118 grass mə˧te˧      
151 green ᵐbu˧pwi˧      
26 hair word info a˨pu˨n Out a possessive contruction    
26 hair word info a˨pu˨ni˨- Within a possessive construction    
1 hand i˦-   11  
184 he/she ɛ˧      
24 head pu˧n Out a possessive contruction    
24 head pu˧ni˧- Within a possessive construction    
142 heavy te:˦      
61 house mwa˨      
194 how? word info      
57 husband a˦i˦u˦      
182 I      
193 if mə˧pi˧ɛ˧      
174 in, inside nə˦-      
16 intestines      
126 lake      
114 leaf ⁿdi˧ The distinction between the semantic specifities of each of those words is not clear    
114 leaf ⁿdi˧-hĩ˧-      
114 leaf ma˦ⁿdi˦-      
114 leaf a˦ⁿdi˦-      
2 left a:˧mu˧   1, 59  
2 left ɛa˧mu˧   1, 59  
4 leg/foot a˦-   1  
135 lightning ti˦kɛ˦kɛ˦t      
135 lightning ti˦kɛ˦kɛ˦lɛ˦      
17 liver i:˧i-      
155 long word info ᵐbwa˨li˨      
108 louse word info b. i˧      
54 man/male a˧pu˧li˧ɛ˧      
103 meat/flesh mə˦-hĩ˦- Can be used with the meaning of 'piece of meat' or 'flesh of the body' Note that there are other words which mean 'flesh', but they are used with a extended meaning of 'flesh', like the notion 'aspect/origin of someone', or some social practice including    
129 moon wɔ˦lɛ˦      
129 moon ɔ˦lɛ˦      
109 mosquito na˨ᵐbu˨      
59 mother ɲa:˨      
30 mouth pwɔ˦-      
63 name ni˧      
158 narrow pi˨cu˨      
179 near pɛ˧hĩ˧-      
25 neck hɛ̃˦ne˦-      
68 needle ⁿdi˨ti˨      
163 new cɔ˦hõ˦ Mean 'someone new, visitor, invited guest'    
163 new co˦hõ˦      
167 night ᵐbwe˧n      
205 Nine word info ni˦m-ᵐbwɔ˧-mu˦-pa:˦-pwɔ˦-n      
195 no, not õ˦hõ˨ Means 'no'    
195 no, not u˦hũ˨      
27 nose ũ˨mwi:˨-      
27 nose õ˨mwi:˨-      
162 old word info pwe:˦nə      
197 One word info cɛ˦i˦u˦      
209 One Hundred word info ni˦m a˧pu˧li˧ɛ˧      
210 One Thousand word info      
190 other      
160 painful, sick ta˦ci˦ŋi˦      
53 person/human being a˧pu˧li˧p      
133 rain u˧tɛ˧      
102 rat ci:˦ᵐbwi˦      
149 red ma˧ᵑga˧      
149 red ma˧ᵑga˧lɛ˧      
149 red mə˧ᵑgə˧t      
149 red mə˧ᵑgə˧lɛ˧      
3 right pwɔ˧-ᶮju˧-i˦   24  
6 road/path pwa:˦ⁿdɛ˦n      
115 root wa:˧-      
65 rope ta˦i˦      
112 rotten word info mu˦ti:˦-      
125 salt wɔ˧n According to the missionary A. Colomb    
125 salt ɔ˧n According to the missionary A. Colomb    
125 salt ᶮji˨e˨ According to J-C. Rivierre, the author of the source lexicon    
121 sand wɔ˧n      
121 sand ɔ˧n      
124 sea ᶮji˨e˨      
203 Seven word info ni˦m ᵐbwɔ˧ mu˦ a˦lo˦ pwɔ˦-n      
81 sharp a˦ɲə:˦      
81 sharp ã˦ɲə:˦ (T)    
154 short word info ᵐba˨hĩ˨n a.    
154 short word info pi˧te˦tɔ:˦ b.    
154 short word info pi˧te˦te˦ɔ˦ b.    
154 short word info pi˧te˦to˦ɔ˦ b.    
154 short word info pi˧te˦to:˦ b.    
19 shoulder ɛ˧a:˧- The distinction between those two words has not been provided by the authors of the lexicon    
19 shoulder pi˧a:˧-      
161 shy, ashamed cɛ˦ᵐbwɔ˦      
202 Six word info ni˦m ka˧ ᵐbwɔ˧ cɛ˦i˦u˦ The distinction between those forms has not been provided in the lexicon    
202 Six word info ni˦m ᵐbwɔ˧ mu˦ cɛ˦i˦u˦ pwɔ˦-n      
202 Six word info ᵐbwɔ˧-mu˦-cɛ˦i˦u˦-pwɔ˦-n      
12 skin i:˧-   1  
12 skin i˧-   1  
128 sky mi:˧ⁿdɛ˧n      
152 small pɛ˧hĩ˧ᵐbwa˨      
145 smoke word info mu:˦-mi˨u˨      
106 snake ᵐbwi˧ɛ˧n Referes to a specific sea snake ; there are no land snake in New Caledonia    
110 spider we:˧hɛ̃˦      
130 star cԑ˦ni˦      
79 stick/wood ᵐba˨-a˨cu:˨t      
120 stone pə˧i˧      
105 tail ti˦ᵐbwɔ˦-      
105 tail tu˦ᵐbwɔ˦-      
105 tail ti˦ᵐbwɛ˦-      
206 Ten word info pa˨ᶮji˨lu˨      
206 Ten word info pa˨ᶮju˨lu˨      
178 that na͐: As in 'that montaign there' The ton of this word depends on the ton of the word it is attached to. Hence, it can be a hight ton, a middle, or a low one.    
62 thatch/roof pu˧ni˧-mwa˨      
187 they le˧      
157 thick word info ta˦ᵐbo˦      
156 thin word info ɛ˧le˧lo:˧p      
177 this cɛ͐ As in 'this montaign here' The ton of this word depends on the ton of the word it is attached to. Hence, it can be a hight ton, a middle, or a low one.    
183 thou ᵑgo˧      
199 Three word info ci˦e˦      
134 thunder ti˦kɛ˦kɛ˦t      
134 thunder ti˦kɛ˦kɛ˦lɛ˦      
41 to bite i:˧ᵑga˧ 'to bite something, to hold it with the teeth'    
41 to bite wi:˦ 'to bite, in order to eat'    
137 to blow word info cu:˦ a, b.    
28 to breathe      
144 to burn word info e˦t      
144 to burn word info e˦lɛ˦      
91 to buy pwɔ˧-cu˦hĩ˦-n      
38 to chew word info ᵑgu:˧mwe˨-hĩ˨ a.    
85 to choose pi˧-ᵑga˨ The lexicon does not provide any clear semantic distinction between these two words for 'to choose'    
85 to choose pwɔ˧-ᵑga˨li˨      
172 to climb word info pa˧la˧      
172 to climb word info pɛ˧la˧      
7 to come a˦ᵐbe˦      
7 to come ã˦ᵐbe˦ (T)    
39 to cook word info pwɔ˧-i˨la˨ a.    
39 to cook word info pwa˧-i˨la˨ a.    
196 to count pi˦nə˦      
34 to cry      
78 to cut, hack word info ta˦hã˦ᵑgɛ˦i˦      
75 to die, be dead mə˧t      
75 to die, be dead mə˧lɛ˧      
90 to dig i˧ni˧      
50 to dream mwa:˦ŋ      
40 to drink ɔ̃˨ⁿdu˨      
40 to drink ũ˨ⁿdu˨      
37 to eat wi:˦na:˧ⁿdo˧      
95 to fall word info ti˧pwɔ˧      
95 to fall word info tu˧pwɔ˧      
22 to fear mwo˦ti˦      
123 to flow te˦tɛ˦      
101 to fly te:˨      
86 to grow word info wi:˧hĩ˧      
44 to hear te˧nə˧      
171 to hide word info ta˨ⁿdu˨ɔ˨      
72 to hit word info ci:˦ Means 'to hit' without intrument specification in the lexicon    
89 to hold word info i˧mwi˧      
69 to hunt word info pi˧­ta˦i˦-na:˧ⁿdo˧ Lit. french translation of this word in the source lexicon means 'to hunt'    
69 to hunt word info pi˧-wɔ˨li˨-na:˧ⁿdo˧ Lit.    
74 to kill ta˦u˦nu˦-hi˦      
74 to kill ta˦u˦nu˦      
20 to know, be knowledgeable tɛ˧mə˧hĩ˧      
33 to laugh a˧p      
49 to lie down word info o:˦t      
76 to live, be alive mu˧li˧p      
76 to live, be alive mu˧li˧ɛ˧      
92 to open, uncover tɛ˧hĩ˧      
92 to open, uncover tɛ˧hwĩ˧      
84 to plant cɛ˧mi˧ The lexicon does not provide any clear semantic distinction between these two words for 'to plant'    
84 to plant cɛ˧mi˧-na:˧ⁿdo˧      
93 to pound, beat word info hɛ˦lɛ˦ti˦ 'to crush something soft'    
93 to pound, beat word info i:˧tu˧-hĩ˧ 'to crush something solid'    
93 to pound, beat word info ha˦lɛ˦ti˦ 'to crush something soft'    
64 to say pi:˧      
77 to scratch word info      
46 to see a˧li˧-hĩ˧      
67 to sew word info ᵐbi˧ⁿdi˧      
70 to shoot word info ta˦hĩ˦ ku˨ha˨ Means 'to shoot with a rifle'    
51 to sit tɛ˧ᵐbwɔ˧      
48 to sleep pu˦lu˦ta˦      
29 to sniff, smell te˧nə˧      
36 to spit cu˦mi˦      
80 to split word info ta˦ⁿdi˦      
88 to squeeze word info pwɛti The tons for this word have not been provided. They seem to have been forgotten, because this word meaning 'to squeeze' can mean as well 'cudgel', and the lexicon provides for this last word, the tons on top of the phonetic transcription    
71 to stab, pierce ɔ˦li˦      
71 to stab, pierce wɔ˦li˦      
52 to stand cu:˧t      
73 to steal ᵐbu˨-ⁿdo:˧pi˧-hi˧      
42 to suck      
87 to swell word info      
9 to swim e˦o:˦m      
9 to swim e˦o˦p (T)    
21 to think ni˦:mi˦-hĩ˦      
94 to throw word info ta˦hĩ˦      
66 to tie up, fasten ci˦ɛ˦      
8 to turn word info pɛ˧mi˧ 'to turn, as in turning the face around'    
8 to turn word info pɛ˧ᵑga˧ 'to deviate, to change road'    
8 to turn word info pɛ˧mi˧-hĩ˧ 'to turn, as in turning the face around'    
35 to vomit u˦ɲə˦      
35 to vomit u˦ɲə˦-hĩ˦      
35 to vomit u:˦ɲə˦-hĩ˦      
5 to walk ɛ˧ŋe˧n      
83 to work word info pɛ˧nə˧m Means 'to work' not necessarily in in the fields or garden or 'to work as an occupation'    
47 to yawn o:˦a˨m      
32 tongue u˧pɛ˧hɛ̃˧-      
31 tooth pɛ˧cu˧ɔ˧-      
207 Twenty word info cɛ˦i˦u˦ a˧pu˧li˧p      
198 Two word info a˦lo˦      
138 warm word info e˦t      
138 warm word info e˦lɛ˦      
122 water word info ta˦ᵐbe˦      
185 we word info ᵑga˧ɲə˧ (incl)    
185 we word info ɲə˧, (incl)    
185 we word info ᵑga˧mə˧ (excl)    
185 we word info mə˧ (excl)    
141 wet ti˨ti˨      
188 what? word info ⁿdɛ˧      
188 what? word info ⁿdɛ˨      
170 when? word info e˧-ni:˧t      
170 when? word info e˧-ni:˧lɛ˧      
181 where? word info we˧      
181 where? word info we˨      
148 white pwa˦ᶮjo˦      
189 who? word info ɔ͐: The ton of this word depends on the ton of the word it follows. Hence, it can be a hight ton, a middle, or a low one.    
159 wide ᵐbwa:˧ŋə˧-mwa˨      
58 wife mwo˦ⁿdɛ˦-      
136 wind ⁿda˨n      
100 wing pu˧-i˦-      
100 wing pu˧-i˧      
55 woman/female to:˦mwo˦      
127 woods/forest ⁿdɛ˧ᵐbo˧      
107 worm (earthworm) ᵐbe˧t      
107 worm (earthworm) ᵐbe˧lɛ˧      
169 year ᶮjo˧      
150 yellow pu˨n      
186 you ᵑga˧we˧      

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