Language: Malay (Bahasa Indonesia)
| Source/Author: | R. Blust, from Echols & Shadily | |
|---|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:ind Glottocode: indo1316 | |
| Notes: | Echols, J M. & Shadily, H. (1989). An Indonesian-English Dictionary. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 3rd edition. SA: "Sanskrit" stands for loanwords from any period between Classical Sanskrit and Middle Indian | |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Debasish Roy Checked By: Simon Greenhill + Sander Adelaar | |
| Statistics: |
| |
| Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Malayic:Malay | |
| Map | ||
Resources:
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Indonesian
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Malay
Ethnologue Information for ind
OLAC Information for ind
World Atlas of Language Structures Information for iir
Online Malay-English Dictionary-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 319 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed "checkedby" from "Simon Greenhill" - sander (2017-08-30 16:50:58)
- Changed #284 from "leuŋeun", "", "19", "" (Word 284) - sander (2017-08-30 16:28:35)
- Changed #641 from "kenca", "Javanese loan", "", "L" (Word 641) - sander (2017-08-30 16:28:35)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand | tangan | 18 | ||
| 2 | left | kiri | 1, 42 | ||
| 3 | right | kanan | 1, 73 | ||
| 4 | leg/foot | kaki | 1 | ||
| 5 | to walk | berjalan | 21 | ||
| 6 | road/path | jalan | 1 | ||
| 6 | road/path | jalanan | 1 | ||
| 7 | to come | datang | 14 | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
bélok | to turn (halfway, 90 degrees) | 24 | |
| 8 | to turn
|
berputar | X to turn (completely, 180 degrees) | ||
| 9 | to swim | berenang | 23 | ||
| 10 | dirty | kotor | 31 | ||
| 11 | dust | debu | 58 | ||
| 12 | skin | kulit | 1 | ||
| 13 | back
|
punggung | 24 | ||
| 14 | belly | perut | 32 | ||
| 15 | bone | tulang | 1 | ||
| 16 | intestines | usus | < Javanese | 24 | L |
| 17 | liver | hati | 1 | ||
| 18 | breast | susu | 1. woman's breasts, 2. milk [more often the latter, although originally it meant the former] | 1 | |
| 18 | breast | dada | X "breast, chest" - not gender-specific | 12 | |
| 19 | shoulder | bahu | < Sanskrit | 17 | L |
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | tahu | 1 | ||
| 21 | to think | berfikir | < Arabic | 22 | L |
| 22 | to fear | takut | 1 | ||
| 23 | blood | darah | 1 | ||
| 24 | head | kepala | < Sanskrit | 45 | L |
| 25 | neck | léhér | 1 | ||
| 26 | hair
|
rambut | 20 | ||
| 27 | nose | hidung | 1 | ||
| 28 | to breathe | bernapas | < Arabic | 29 | L |
| 29 | to sniff, smell | mencium | "to kiss; smell" | 30 | |
| 29 | to sniff, smell | menghidu | X not common: = Minangkabau? | ||
| 30 | mouth | mulut | 27 | ||
| 31 | tooth | gigi | 17 | ||
| 32 | tongue | lidah | metathesis | 4, 31 | |
| 33 | to laugh | tertawa | 1 | ||
| 34 | to cry | menangis | 1 | ||
| 35 | to vomit | muntah | 1 | ||
| 36 | to spit | meludah | 1 | ||
| 37 | to eat | makan | 1 | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
mengunyah | 16 | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
memasak | 19 | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
menanak | to cook (rice only) | 1 | |
| 40 | to drink | minum | 1 | ||
| 41 | to bite | gigit | 21 | ||
| 42 | to suck | mengisap | 1 | ||
| 43 | ear | telinga | 1 | ||
| 44 | to hear | mendengar | 1 | ||
| 45 | eye | mata | 1 | ||
| 46 | to see | melihat | 23 | ||
| 47 | to yawn | menguap | [<kuap] | 19 | |
| 48 | to sleep | tidur | 1, 70 | ||
| 49 | to lie down
|
berbaring | 28 | ||
| 50 | to dream | bermimpi | 1, 37 | ||
| 51 | to sit | duduk | 35 | ||
| 52 | to stand | berdiri | 1 | ||
| 53 | person/human being | orang | 20 | ||
| 54 | man/male | laki-laki | 2 | ||
| 55 | woman/female | perempuan | 29 | ||
| 56 | child | anak | 1 | ||
| 57 | husband | suami | < Sanskrit | 42 | L |
| 58 | wife | isteri | Sanskrit strī 'woman; wife; female' | 33 | L |
| 59 | mother | ibu | 12 | ||
| 60 | father | bapak | *b-apa-k, ult. < Dravidian | 5 | L |
| 61 | house | rumah | 1 | ||
| 62 | thatch/roof | atap | 1 | ||
| 63 | name | nama | Sanskrit nāma (nāman) 'name' | 12 | L |
| 64 | to say | berkata | < Sanskrit | L | |
| 65 | rope | tali | 1 | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | mengikat | 1 | ||
| 67 | to sew
|
menjahit | 2 | ||
| 68 | needle | jarum | 1 | ||
| 69 | to hunt
|
berburu | 23 | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
menémbak | 49 | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
memanah | To shoot with bow | 1 | |
| 71 | to stab, pierce | menikam | 31 | ||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | menusuk | 1 | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
memukul | 27 | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
memalu | to hit (with a hammer) | 1 | |
| 73 | to steal | mencuri | < Indian languages | 19 | L |
| 74 | to kill | membunuh | 1 | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | mati | 1 | ||
| 76 | to live, be alive | hidup | 1, 82 | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
menggaruk | to scratch (an itch) | 20 | |
| 77 | to scratch
|
mencakar | to scratch (for the purpose of hurting) | 54 | |
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
memotong | cut | 41 | |
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
menetak | hack | 3 | |
| 79 | stick/wood | kayu | 1 | ||
| 80 | to split
|
membelah | 1 | ||
| 81 | sharp | tajam | 1 | ||
| 82 | dull, blunt | tumpul | 3 | ||
| 83 | to work
|
bekerja | < Sanskrit | 23 | L |
| 84 | to plant | menanam | 2 | ||
| 85 | to choose | memilih | 1 | ||
| 86 | to grow
|
tumbuh | 1 | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
membengkak | 19 | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
memeras | 42 | ||
| 89 | to hold
|
menggenggam | 1 | ||
| 90 | to dig | menggali | 1, 35 | ||
| 91 | to buy | membeli | 1 | ||
| 92 | to open, uncover | membuka | 1 | ||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
memukul | to beat, hit, strike [bell, drum, dog, etc.] | 13 | |
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
menumbuk | to pound [e.g. to unhusk rice] | 9 | |
| 94 | to throw
|
melémparkan | 44 | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
jatuh | 38 | ||
| 96 | dog | anjing | 27 | ||
| 97 | bird | burung | 17 | ||
| 98 | egg | telur | 1 | ||
| 99 | feather | bulu | 1 | ||
| 100 | wing | sayap | 26 | ||
| 101 | to fly | terbang | 18 | ||
| 102 | rat | tikus | 22 | ||
| 103 | meat/flesh | daging | 26 | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | lemak | 24 | ||
| 105 | tail | ékor | 1 | ||
| 106 | snake | ular | 2 | ||
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | cacing | 23 | ||
| 108 | louse
|
kutu | 1 | ||
| 109 | mosquito | nyamuk | 1 | ||
| 110 | spider | laba-laba | 1 | ||
| 111 | fish | ikan | 1 | ||
| 112 | rotten
|
busuk | 56 | ||
| 113 | branch
|
dahan | 1 | ||
| 114 | leaf | daun | 1 | ||
| 115 | root | akar | 2 | ||
| 116 | flower | bunga | 1 | ||
| 117 | fruit | buah-buahan | X "fruits (the category, in general)" | 1 | |
| 117 | fruit | buah | fruit | 1 | |
| 117 | fruit | sebiji buah | X "a piece of fruit" | 1 | |
| 118 | grass | rumput | 27 | ||
| 119 | earth/soil | tanah | 1 | ||
| 120 | stone | batu | 1 | ||
| 121 | sand | pasir | 18 | ||
| 122 | water
|
air | 2 | ||
| 123 | to flow | mengalir | 1 | ||
| 124 | sea | laut | 6 | ||
| 125 | salt | garam | orig. "garam sira" 'grain of salt' | 18 | |
| 126 | lake | danau | 1 | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | hutan | 7 | ||
| 128 | sky | langit | 1 | ||
| 129 | moon | bulan | 1 | ||
| 130 | star | bintang | 1 | ||
| 131 | cloud
|
awan | 1 | ||
| 132 | fog | kabut | 1 | ||
| 133 | rain | hujan | 1 | ||
| 134 | thunder | guntur | 30 | ||
| 135 | lightning | kilat | 1 | ||
| 136 | wind | angin | 1 | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
bertiup | the wind blows (< *t(V)- + *Seiup) | 1, 19 | |
| 137 | to blow
|
meniup | a person blows (something) | 1, 19 | |
| 138 | warm
|
panas | hot | 1 | |
| 138 | warm
|
haŋat | warm | 112 | |
| 139 | cold
|
dingin | 1 | ||
| 140 | dry
|
kering | 22 | ||
| 141 | wet | basah | 1 | ||
| 142 | heavy | berat | 1 | ||
| 143 | fire | api | 1 | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
membakar | 25 | ||
| 145 | smoke
|
asap | 49 | ||
| 146 | ash | abu | 1 | ||
| 147 | black | hitam | 1 | ||
| 148 | white | putih | 1 | ||
| 149 | red | mérah | 1 | ||
| 150 | yellow | kuning | 1 | ||
| 151 | green | hijau | 25 | ||
| 152 | small | kecil | 28 | ||
| 153 | big | besar | 28 | ||
| 153 | big | raya | big, but limited in use like Indonesia raya, jalan raya (boulevard/big road), hari raya (holiday/big day), jagat raya (universe), etc | 1 | |
| 154 | short
|
péndék | 68 | ||
| 155 | long
|
panjang | 24 | ||
| 156 | thin
|
tipis | 1, 44 | ||
| 157 | thick
|
tebal | 26 | ||
| 158 | narrow | sempit | 68 | ||
| 159 | wide | lébar | 48 | ||
| 160 | painful, sick | sakit | 1 | ||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | malu | 20 | ||
| 162 | old
|
tua | old (for people) | 1 | |
| 162 | old
|
lama | X old (for things) | x | |
| 163 | new | baru | 1 | ||
| 164 | good | baik | for people | 33 | |
| 164 | good | bagus | for things | 31 | |
| 165 | bad, evil | jahat | 1 | ||
| 166 | correct, true | benar | 1 | ||
| 167 | night | malam | 20 | ||
| 168 | day | hari | 17 | ||
| 169 | year | tahun | 1 | ||
| 170 | when?
|
kapan | Indonesian only, < Javanese | 12 | L |
| 170 | when?
|
bila | 13 | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
bersembunyi | 1 | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
naik | 1. ascend [person on stairs, balloon in air, bubble in water], 2. mount/ride [a horse, carriage, car, train, airplane] | 1 | |
| 172 | to climb
|
memanjat | to climb [up a tree] | 56 | |
| 172 | to climb
|
mendaki | to climb [up a slope, a mountain] | 34 | |
| 173 | at | di | 20 | ||
| 174 | in, inside | [di] dalam | 1 | ||
| 175 | above | [di] atas | 1 | ||
| 176 | below | di bawah | 1 | ||
| 177 | this | ini | 1 | ||
| 178 | that | itu | 16 | ||
| 179 | near | dekat | 28 | ||
| 180 | far | jauh | 1 | ||
| 181 | where?
|
dimana | 20 | ||
| 182 | I | saya | (formal) lit. (your) servant, < Sanskrit | 11 | L |
| 182 | I | aku | (informal) | 1 | |
| 183 | thou | kamu | 10 | ||
| 183 | thou | eŋkau | 1 | ||
| 184 | he/she | beliau | he/she (respectful) | ||
| 184 | he/she | [d]ia | 18 | ||
| 185 | we
|
kita | 1 | ||
| 185 | we
|
kami | 2 | ||
| 186 | you | kalian | Indonesian only (lit. (you) all') | ||
| 186 | you | anda | |||
| 187 | they | meréka | < (Old) Javanese marika, a demonstrative pronoun (SA) | 16 | L |
| 188 | what?
|
apa | 1 | ||
| 189 | who?
|
siapa | 12 | ||
| 190 | other | lain | 2 | ||
| 191 | all | semua | < Sanskrit | 33 | L |
| 192 | and | dan | 18 | ||
| 193 | if | kalau | Sanskrit jaka + Arabic law 'if' | 14 | L |
| 194 | how?
|
bagaimana | 23 | ||
| 195 | no, not | tidak | < *tey 'not' + *ada 'there is) + end glottal stop | 68, 109 | |
| 196 | to count | menghitung | 31 | ||
| 197 | One
|
esa | 'one' (only used to express the oneness of God) | 1 | |
| 197 | One
|
satu | 1, 16 | ||
| 198 | Two
|
dua | 1 | ||
| 199 | Three
|
tiga | 8 | ||
| 200 | Four
|
empat | 1 | ||
| 201 | Five
|
lima | 1 | ||
| 202 | Six
|
enam | 1 | ||
| 203 | Seven
|
tujuh | 4 | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
delapan | 4 | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
sembilan | 10 | ||
| 206 | Ten
|
sepuluh | 5 | ||
| 207 | Twenty
|
dua puluh | 3, 6 | ||
| 208 | Fifty
|
lima puluh | 1, 2 | ||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
seratus | 4 | ||
| 210 | One Thousand
|
seribu | 5 |




