https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Malay (Bahasa Indonesia)

Source/Author:  R. Blust, from Echols & Shadily 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:ind  Glottocode: indo1316 
Notes:  Echols, J M. & Shadily, H. (1989). An Indonesian-English Dictionary. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 3rd edition.

SA: "Sanskrit" stands for loanwords from any period between Classical Sanskrit and Middle Indian 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Debasish Roy  Checked By: Simon Greenhill + Sander Adelaar 
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Malayic:Malay 
Map 
 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 319 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand tangan   18  
2 left kiri   1, 42  
3 right kanan   1, 73  
4 leg/foot kaki   1  
5 to walk berjalan   21  
6 road/path jalan   1  
6 road/path jalanan X 1  
7 to come datang   14  
8 to turn word info bélok to turn (halfway, 90 degrees) 24  
8 to turn word info berputar X to turn (completely, 180 degrees)    
9 to swim berenang   23  
10 dirty kotor   31  
11 dust debu   58  
12 skin kulit   1  
13 back word info punggung   24  
14 belly perut   32  
15 bone tulang   1  
17 liver hati   1  
18 breast susu 1. woman's breasts, 2. milk [more often the latter, although originally it meant the former] 1  
18 breast dada X "breast, chest" - not gender-specific 12  
20 to know, be knowledgeable tahu   1  
22 to fear takut   1  
23 blood darah   1  
25 neck léhér   1  
26 hair word info rambut   20  
27 nose hidung   1  
29 to sniff, smell mencium "to kiss; smell" 30  
29 to sniff, smell menghidu X not common: = Minangkabau?    
30 mouth mulut   27  
31 tooth gigi   17  
32 tongue lidah metathesis 4, 31  
33 to laugh tertawa   1  
34 to cry menangis   1  
35 to vomit muntah   1  
36 to spit meludah   1  
37 to eat makan   1  
38 to chew word info mengunyah   16  
39 to cook word info memasak   19  
39 to cook word info menanak to cook (rice only) 1  
40 to drink minum   1  
41 to bite gigit   21  
42 to suck mengisap   1  
43 ear telinga   1  
44 to hear mendengar   1  
45 eye mata   1  
46 to see melihat   23  
47 to yawn menguap [<kuap] 19  
48 to sleep tidur   1, 70  
49 to lie down word info berbaring   28  
50 to dream bermimpi   1, 37  
51 to sit duduk   35  
52 to stand berdiri   1  
53 person/human being orang   20  
54 man/male laki-laki   2  
55 woman/female perempuan   29  
56 child anak   1  
59 mother ibu   12  
61 house rumah   1  
62 thatch/roof atap   1  
65 rope tali   1  
66 to tie up, fasten mengikat   1  
67 to sew word info menjahit   2  
68 needle jarum   1  
69 to hunt word info berburu   23  
70 to shoot word info menémbak   49  
70 to shoot word info memanah To shoot with bow 1  
71 to stab, pierce menikam   31  
71 to stab, pierce menusuk   1  
72 to hit word info memukul   27  
72 to hit word info memalu to hit (with a hammer) 1  
74 to kill membunuh   1  
75 to die, be dead mati   1  
76 to live, be alive hidup   1, 82  
77 to scratch word info menggaruk to scratch (an itch) 20  
77 to scratch word info mencakar to scratch (for the purpose of hurting) 54  
78 to cut, hack word info memotong cut 41  
78 to cut, hack word info menetak hack 3  
79 stick/wood kayu   1  
80 to split word info membelah   1  
81 sharp tajam   1  
82 dull, blunt tumpul   3  
84 to plant menanam   2  
85 to choose memilih   1  
86 to grow word info tumbuh   1  
87 to swell word info membengkak   19  
88 to squeeze word info memeras   42  
89 to hold word info menggenggam   1  
90 to dig menggali   1, 35  
91 to buy membeli   1  
92 to open, uncover membuka   1  
93 to pound, beat word info memukul to beat, hit, strike [bell, drum, dog, etc.] 13  
93 to pound, beat word info menumbuk to pound [e.g. to unhusk rice] 9  
94 to throw word info melémparkan   44  
95 to fall word info jatuh   38  
96 dog anjing   27  
97 bird burung   17  
98 egg telur   1  
99 feather bulu   1  
100 wing sayap   26  
101 to fly terbang   18  
102 rat tikus   22  
103 meat/flesh daging   26  
104 fat/grease lemak   24  
105 tail ékor   1  
106 snake ular   2  
107 worm (earthworm) cacing   23  
108 louse word info kutu   1  
109 mosquito nyamuk   1  
110 spider laba-laba   1  
111 fish ikan   1  
112 rotten word info busuk   56  
113 branch word info dahan   1  
114 leaf daun   1  
115 root akar   2  
116 flower bunga   1  
117 fruit buah-buahan X "fruits (the category, in general)" 1  
117 fruit buah fruit 1  
117 fruit sebiji buah X "a piece of fruit" 1  
118 grass rumput   27  
119 earth/soil tanah   1  
120 stone batu   1  
121 sand pasir   18  
122 water word info air   2  
123 to flow mengalir   1  
124 sea laut   6  
125 salt garam orig. "garam sira" 'grain of salt' 18  
126 lake danau   1  
127 woods/forest hutan   7  
128 sky langit   1  
129 moon bulan   1  
130 star bintang   1  
131 cloud word info awan   1  
132 fog kabut   1  
133 rain hujan   1  
134 thunder guntur   30  
135 lightning kilat   1  
136 wind angin   1  
137 to blow word info bertiup the wind blows (< *t(V)- + *Seiup) 1, 19  
137 to blow word info meniup a person blows (something) 1, 19  
138 warm word info panas hot 1  
138 warm word info haŋat warm 112  
139 cold word info dingin   1  
140 dry word info kering   22  
141 wet basah   1  
142 heavy berat   1  
143 fire api   1  
144 to burn word info membakar   25  
145 smoke word info asap   49  
146 ash abu   1  
147 black hitam   1  
148 white putih   1  
149 red mérah   1  
150 yellow kuning   1  
151 green hijau   25  
152 small kecil   28  
153 big besar   28  
153 big raya big, but limited in use like Indonesia raya, jalan raya (boulevard/big road), hari raya (holiday/big day), jagat raya (universe), etc 1  
154 short word info péndék   68  
155 long word info panjang   24  
156 thin word info tipis   1, 44  
157 thick word info tebal   26  
158 narrow sempit   68  
159 wide lébar   48  
160 painful, sick sakit   1  
161 shy, ashamed malu   20  
162 old word info tua old (for people) 1  
162 old word info lama X old (for things) x  
163 new baru   1  
164 good baik for people 33  
164 good bagus for things 31  
165 bad, evil jahat   1  
166 correct, true benar   1  
167 night malam   20  
168 day hari   17  
169 year tahun   1  
170 when? word info bila   13  
171 to hide word info bersembunyi   1  
172 to climb word info naik 1. ascend [person on stairs, balloon in air, bubble in water], 2. mount/ride [a horse, carriage, car, train, airplane] 1  
172 to climb word info memanjat to climb [up a tree] 56  
172 to climb word info mendaki to climb [up a slope, a mountain] 34  
173 at di   20  
174 in, inside [di] dalam   1  
175 above [di] atas   1  
176 below di bawah   1  
177 this ini   1  
178 that itu   16  
179 near dekat   28  
180 far jauh   1  
181 where? word info dimana   20  
182 I aku (informal) 1  
183 thou kamu   10  
183 thou eŋkau   1  
184 he/she beliau he/she (respectful)    
184 he/she [d]ia   18  
185 we word info kita   1  
185 we word info kami   2  
186 you kalian Indonesian only (lit. (you) all')    
186 you anda      
188 what? word info apa   1  
189 who? word info siapa   12  
190 other lain   2  
192 and dan   18  
194 how? word info bagaimana   23  
195 no, not tidak < *tey 'not' + *ada 'there is) + end glottal stop 68, 109  
196 to count menghitung   31  
197 One word info esa 'one' (only used to express the oneness of God) 1  
197 One word info satu   1, 16  
198 Two word info dua   1  
199 Three word info tiga   8  
200 Four word info empat   1  
201 Five word info lima   1  
202 Six word info enam   1  
203 Seven word info tujuh   4  
204 Eight word info delapan   4  
205 Nine word info sembilan   10  
206 Ten word info sepuluh   5  
207 Twenty word info dua puluh   3, 6  
208 Fifty word info lima puluh   1, 2  
209 One Hundred word info seratus   4  
210 One Thousand word info seribu   5  
16 intestines usus < Javanese 24 L
19 shoulder bahu < Sanskrit 17 L
21 to think berfikir < Arabic 22 L
24 head kepala < Sanskrit 45 L
28 to breathe bernapas < Arabic 29 L
57 husband suami < Sanskrit 42 L
58 wife isteri Sanskrit strī 'woman; wife; female' 33 L
60 father bapak *b-apa-k, ult. < Dravidian 5 L
63 name nama Sanskrit nāma (nāman) 'name' 12 L
64 to say berkata < Sanskrit   L
73 to steal mencuri < Indian languages 19 L
83 to work word info bekerja < Sanskrit 23 L
170 when? word info kapan Indonesian only, < Javanese 12 L
182 I saya (formal) lit. (your) servant, < Sanskrit   L
187 they meréka < (Old) Javanese marika, a demonstrative pronoun (SA) 16 L
191 all semua < Sanskrit 33 L
193 if kalau Sanskrit jaka + Arabic law 'if' 14 L

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