https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Malay (Bahasa Indonesia)

Source/Author:  R. Blust, from Echols & Shadily 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:ind  Glottocode: indo1316 
Notes:  Echols, J M. & Shadily, H. (1989). An Indonesian-English Dictionary. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 3rd edition.

SA: "Sanskrit" stands for loanwords from any period between Classical Sanskrit and Middle Indian 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Debasish Roy  Checked By: Simon Greenhill + Sander Adelaar 
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Malayic:Malay 
Map 
 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 319 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
175 above [di] atas   1  
191 all semua < Sanskrit 33 L
192 and dan   18  
146 ash abu   1  
173 at di   20  
13 back word info punggung   24  
165 bad, evil jahat   1  
14 belly perut   32  
176 below di bawah   1  
153 big besar   28  
153 big raya big, but limited in use like Indonesia raya, jalan raya (boulevard/big road), hari raya (holiday/big day), jagat raya (universe), etc 1  
97 bird burung   17  
147 black hitam   1  
23 blood darah   1  
15 bone tulang   1  
113 branch word info dahan   1  
18 breast susu 1. woman's breasts, 2. milk [more often the latter, although originally it meant the former] 1  
18 breast dada X "breast, chest" - not gender-specific 12  
56 child anak   1  
131 cloud word info awan   1  
139 cold word info dingin   1  
166 correct, true benar   1  
168 day hari   17  
10 dirty kotor   31  
96 dog anjing   27  
140 dry word info kering   22  
82 dull, blunt tumpul   3  
11 dust debu   58  
43 ear telinga   1  
119 earth/soil tanah   1  
98 egg telur   1  
204 Eight word info delapan   4  
45 eye mata   1  
180 far jauh   1  
104 fat/grease lemak   24  
60 father bapak *b-apa-k, ult. < Dravidian 5 L
99 feather bulu   1  
208 Fifty word info lima puluh   1, 2  
143 fire api   1  
111 fish ikan   1  
201 Five word info lima   1  
116 flower bunga   1  
132 fog kabut   1  
200 Four word info empat   1  
117 fruit buah-buahan X "fruits (the category, in general)" 1  
117 fruit buah fruit 1  
117 fruit sebiji buah X "a piece of fruit" 1  
164 good baik for people 33  
164 good bagus for things 31  
118 grass rumput   27  
151 green hijau   25  
26 hair word info rambut   20  
1 hand tangan   18  
184 he/she beliau he/she (respectful)    
184 he/she [d]ia   18  
24 head kepala < Sanskrit 45 L
142 heavy berat   1  
61 house rumah   1  
194 how? word info bagaimana   23  
57 husband suami < Sanskrit 42 L
182 I saya (formal) lit. (your) servant, < Sanskrit   L
182 I aku (informal) 1  
193 if kalau Sanskrit jaka + Arabic law 'if' 14 L
174 in, inside [di] dalam   1  
16 intestines usus < Javanese 24 L
126 lake danau   1  
114 leaf daun   1  
2 left kiri   1, 42  
4 leg/foot kaki   1  
135 lightning kilat   1  
17 liver hati   1  
155 long word info panjang   24  
108 louse word info kutu   1  
54 man/male laki-laki   2  
103 meat/flesh daging   26  
129 moon bulan   1  
109 mosquito nyamuk   1  
59 mother ibu   12  
30 mouth mulut   27  
63 name nama Sanskrit nāma (nāman) 'name' 12 L
158 narrow sempit   68  
179 near dekat   28  
25 neck léhér   1  
68 needle jarum   1  
163 new baru   1  
167 night malam   20  
205 Nine word info sembilan   10  
195 no, not tidak < *tey 'not' + *ada 'there is) + end glottal stop 68, 109  
27 nose hidung   1  
162 old word info tua old (for people) 1  
162 old word info lama X old (for things) x  
197 One word info esa 'one' (only used to express the oneness of God) 1  
197 One word info satu   1, 16  
209 One Hundred word info seratus   4  
210 One Thousand word info seribu   5  
190 other lain   2  
160 painful, sick sakit   1  
53 person/human being orang   20  
133 rain hujan   1  
102 rat tikus   22  
149 red mérah   1  
3 right kanan   1, 73  
6 road/path jalan   1  
6 road/path jalanan X 1  
115 root akar   2  
65 rope tali   1  
112 rotten word info busuk   56  
125 salt garam orig. "garam sira" 'grain of salt' 18  
121 sand pasir   18  
124 sea laut   6  
203 Seven word info tujuh   4  
81 sharp tajam   1  
154 short word info péndék   68  
19 shoulder bahu < Sanskrit 17 L
161 shy, ashamed malu   20  
202 Six word info enam   1  
12 skin kulit   1  
128 sky langit   1  
152 small kecil   28  
145 smoke word info asap   49  
106 snake ular   2  
110 spider laba-laba   1  
130 star bintang   1  
79 stick/wood kayu   1  
120 stone batu   1  
105 tail ékor   1  
206 Ten word info sepuluh   5  
178 that itu   16  
62 thatch/roof atap   1  
187 they meréka < (Old) Javanese marika, a demonstrative pronoun (SA) 16 L
157 thick word info tebal   26  
156 thin word info tipis   1, 44  
177 this ini   1  
183 thou kamu   10  
183 thou eŋkau   1  
199 Three word info tiga   8  
134 thunder guntur   30  
41 to bite gigit   21  
137 to blow word info bertiup the wind blows (< *t(V)- + *Seiup) 1, 19  
137 to blow word info meniup a person blows (something) 1, 19  
28 to breathe bernapas < Arabic 29 L
144 to burn word info membakar   25  
91 to buy membeli   1  
38 to chew word info mengunyah   16  
85 to choose memilih   1  
172 to climb word info naik 1. ascend [person on stairs, balloon in air, bubble in water], 2. mount/ride [a horse, carriage, car, train, airplane] 1  
172 to climb word info memanjat to climb [up a tree] 56  
172 to climb word info mendaki to climb [up a slope, a mountain] 34  
7 to come datang   14  
39 to cook word info memasak   19  
39 to cook word info menanak to cook (rice only) 1  
196 to count menghitung   31  
34 to cry menangis   1  
78 to cut, hack word info memotong cut 41  
78 to cut, hack word info menetak hack 3  
75 to die, be dead mati   1  
90 to dig menggali   1, 35  
50 to dream bermimpi   1, 37  
40 to drink minum   1  
37 to eat makan   1  
95 to fall word info jatuh   38  
22 to fear takut   1  
123 to flow mengalir   1  
101 to fly terbang   18  
86 to grow word info tumbuh   1  
44 to hear mendengar   1  
171 to hide word info bersembunyi   1  
72 to hit word info memukul   27  
72 to hit word info memalu to hit (with a hammer) 1  
89 to hold word info menggenggam   1  
69 to hunt word info berburu   23  
74 to kill membunuh   1  
20 to know, be knowledgeable tahu   1  
33 to laugh tertawa   1  
49 to lie down word info berbaring   28  
76 to live, be alive hidup   1, 82  
92 to open, uncover membuka   1  
84 to plant menanam   2  
93 to pound, beat word info memukul to beat, hit, strike [bell, drum, dog, etc.] 13  
93 to pound, beat word info menumbuk to pound [e.g. to unhusk rice] 9  
64 to say berkata < Sanskrit   L
77 to scratch word info menggaruk to scratch (an itch) 20  
77 to scratch word info mencakar to scratch (for the purpose of hurting) 54  
46 to see melihat   23  
67 to sew word info menjahit   2  
70 to shoot word info menémbak   49  
70 to shoot word info memanah To shoot with bow 1  
51 to sit duduk   35  
48 to sleep tidur   1, 70  
29 to sniff, smell mencium "to kiss; smell" 30  
29 to sniff, smell menghidu X not common: = Minangkabau?    
36 to spit meludah   1  
80 to split word info membelah   1  
88 to squeeze word info memeras   42  
71 to stab, pierce menikam   31  
71 to stab, pierce menusuk   1  
52 to stand berdiri   1  
73 to steal mencuri < Indian languages 19 L
42 to suck mengisap   1  
87 to swell word info membengkak   19  
9 to swim berenang   23  
21 to think berfikir < Arabic 22 L
94 to throw word info melémparkan   44  
66 to tie up, fasten mengikat   1  
8 to turn word info bélok to turn (halfway, 90 degrees) 24  
8 to turn word info berputar X to turn (completely, 180 degrees)    
35 to vomit muntah   1  
5 to walk berjalan   21  
83 to work word info bekerja < Sanskrit 23 L
47 to yawn menguap [<kuap] 19  
32 tongue lidah metathesis 4, 31  
31 tooth gigi   17  
207 Twenty word info dua puluh   3, 6  
198 Two word info dua   1  
138 warm word info panas hot 1  
138 warm word info haŋat warm 112  
122 water word info air   2  
185 we word info kita   1  
185 we word info kami   2  
141 wet basah   1  
188 what? word info apa   1  
170 when? word info kapan Indonesian only, < Javanese 12 L
170 when? word info bila   13  
181 where? word info dimana   20  
148 white putih   1  
189 who? word info siapa   12  
159 wide lébar   48  
58 wife isteri Sanskrit strī 'woman; wife; female' 33 L
136 wind angin   1  
100 wing sayap   26  
55 woman/female perempuan   29  
127 woods/forest hutan   7  
107 worm (earthworm) cacing   23  
169 year tahun   1  
150 yellow kuning   1  
186 you kalian Indonesian only (lit. (you) all')    
186 you anda      

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