Language: Penrhyn

Source/Author:	POLLEX 2000 (Bruce Biggs & Ross Clark)
Identifiers:	ISO-639-3:pnh Glottocode: penr1237
Notes:
Data Entry:	Typed By: Simon Greenhill Checked By: Simon Greenhill
Statistics:	Total Data: 216 Number of Retentions: Proto Malayo-Polynesian:80 Proto-Oceanic:110 Number of Loans: 3
Classification:	Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:Central Pacific:East Fijian-Polynesian:Polynesian:Nuclear:East:Central:Tahitic
Map

Resources:

Change History:

Showing all of 61 entries

Changed #90589 from "kaare", "Pollex 06: Kaare. :No, nothing, zero; no! [loan from Rarotongan](Sta).", "11", "" (Word 65535) - Mary Walworth (2020-04-20 18:50:53)
Changed "source" from "@article{POLLEX, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {551--559}, title = {{POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online}}, volume = {50}, year = {2011}, author = {Greenhill, Simon J. and Clark, Ross} }" - Mary Walworth (2020-04-18 20:12:54)
Changed #90562 from "paa", "Pollex 06: Paa/paa. :Father, uncle; grandfather, granduncle (Sta).", "", "L?" (Word 65535) - Mary Walworth (2020-04-18 20:12:54)
Changed #32365 from "hoko", "Buy, sell B. [<] (loan from?-MW)", "7", "L?" (Word 32365) - Mary Walworth (2020-04-18 20:12:54)
Source: (Word 185) - Mary Walworth (2019-08-26 06:38:59)
Source: (Word 160) - Mary Walworth (2019-08-26 06:38:20)
Added Entry (Word 104) - Mary Walworth (2019-08-26 06:35:33)
Source: Matthew Gifford (Word 92) - Simon Greenhill (2007-10-23 12:19:35)
Source: (Word 204) - (2006-05-01 17:32:10)
Source: (Word 202) - (2006-05-01 17:31:44)
Source: (Word 196) - (2006-05-01 17:31:19)
Source: (Word 177) - (2006-05-01 17:29:23)
Source: (Word 195) - (2006-05-01 17:28:32)
Source: (Word 195) - (2006-05-01 17:27:51)
Source: (Word 171) - (2006-05-01 17:26:36)
Source: (Word 169) - (2006-05-01 17:26:07)
Source: (Word 158) - (2006-05-01 17:25:36)
Source: (Word 151) - (2006-05-01 17:24:22)
Source: (Word 146) - (2006-05-01 17:23:43)
Source: (Word 145) - (2006-05-01 17:23:08)
Source: (Word 145) - (2006-05-01 17:22:38)
Source: (Word 131) - (2006-05-01 17:21:57)
Source: (Word 130) - (2006-05-01 17:21:20)
Source: (Word 129) - (2006-05-01 17:20:56)
Source: (Word 127) - (2006-05-01 17:20:01)
Source: (Word 109) - (2006-05-01 17:19:00)
Source: (Word 100) - (2006-05-01 17:18:08)
Source: (Word 99) - (2006-05-01 17:17:32)
Source: (Word 98) - (2006-05-01 17:17:03)
Source: (Word 94) - (2006-05-01 17:16:40)
Source: (Word 87) - (2006-05-01 17:15:17)
Source: (Word 84) - (2006-05-01 17:14:48)
Source: (Word 83) - (2006-05-01 17:14:09)
Source: (Word 82) - (2006-05-01 17:13:38)
Source: (Word 81) - (2006-05-01 17:13:06)
Source: (Word 81) - (2006-05-01 17:12:28)
Source: (Word 75) - (2006-05-01 17:11:29)
Source: (Word 74) - (2006-05-01 17:10:47)
Source: (Word 71) - (2006-05-01 17:10:13)
Source: (Word 68) - (2006-05-01 17:08:48)
Source: (Word 60) - (2006-05-01 17:08:14)
Source: (Word 57) - (2006-05-01 17:07:35)
Source: (Word 50) - (2006-05-01 17:07:05)
Source: (Word 49) - (2006-05-01 17:06:27)
Source: (Word 47) - (2006-05-01 17:06:03)
Source: (Word 42) - (2006-05-01 17:05:12)
Source: (Word 41) - (2006-05-01 17:04:48)
Source: (Word 38) - (2006-05-01 17:04:17)
Source: (Word 36) - (2006-05-01 17:03:06)
Source: (Word 25) - (2006-05-01 17:02:27)
Source: (Word 21) - (2006-05-01 17:01:59)
Source: (Word 20) - (2006-05-01 17:01:27)
Source: (Word 16) - (2006-05-01 17:00:40)
Source: (Word 13) - (2006-05-01 17:00:11)
Source: (Word 12) - (2006-05-01 16:59:32)
Source: (Word 11) - (2006-05-01 16:58:51)
Source: (Word 8) - (2006-05-01 16:58:20)
Source: (Word 8) - (2006-05-01 16:57:46)
Source: (Word 4) - (2006-05-01 16:56:40)
Source: (Word 3) - (2006-05-01 16:55:38)
Source: (Word 2) - (2006-05-01 16:54:51)

Entries:

ID:	Word:	Item:	Annotation:	Cognacy:	Loan:
1	hand	rima	Five; hand-arm	1, 64
2	left	kauii	Pollex 06: Kauii. :Left.	1, 42
3	right	katau	Pollex 06: Katau. :Right, dextral side (Sta).	5, 40
4	leg/foot	vae	Pollex 06: Vae/vae. :Foot, leg (Sta).	1, 100
5	to walk	saere	Walk	6
6	road/path	ara	Road, path	1
7	to come
8	to turn	p/ahe	Pollex 06: P/ahe/ :To deviate, detour, turn (Rmn).	11
8	to turn	huri	Pollex 06: Huri. :Turn (Sta).	15
9	to swim	kau	Swim	5
10	dirty	para/para	Dirt, dirty	7
10	dirty	sava	Filthy	8
11	dust	puuehu	Pollex 06: Puuehu. :Dust; broken in pieces (Sta).	1, 74
12	skin	kiri	Pollex 06: Kiri. :Skin, bark (Sta).	1
13	back	sope	Pollex 06: Sope. :Buttocks; back (Sta).
14	belly	kona	Lower abdomen	8
14	belly	koopuu	Guts	2
14	belly	manava	Belly	9
15	bone	ivi	Bone	52, 5
16	intestines	ngaakau	Pollex 06: Ngaakau. :Intestines, guts (Sta).	12
17	liver	ate	Liver	1
18	breast	uu	Nipple; milk	1
19	shoulder
20	to know, be knowledgeable	kite	Pollex 06: Kite. :See, watch, know, notice, find; clever, bright, knowledgeable (Sta).	12
21	to think	manako	Pollex 06: Manako. :Think; idea; mind.	7
22	to fear	mataku	Afraid, fear	1
23	blood	toto	Blood	4
24	head	upoko	Head	10
25	neck	kakii	Pollex 06: Kakii. :Throat, neck (Sta).	20
26	hair	huru/huru	Hair	31
27	nose	isu	Nose	1
28	to breathe
29	to sniff, smell	songi	Touch noses	9
30	mouth	vaha	Mouth	1, 8
31	tooth	niho	Tooth	1
32	tongue	arero	Tongue	15
33	to laugh	kata	Laugh	7
34	to cry	tangi	Cry	1
35	to vomit	rua/ki	Vomit	8, 31
36	to spit	suupee	Pollex 06: Suupee. :Saliva; to spit (Sta)
37	to eat	kai	Food, eat	1, 47
38	to chew	ngau	Eat, chew, masticate (Sta).	8
39	to cook	too	Cook in an earth oven	10
40	to drink	inu	Drink	1
41	to bite	ka/kati	Pollex 06: Ka/kati. :Bite (Sta).	1, 55
42	to suck	ngote	Pollex 06: Ngote. :Suck (Yda).	9
43	ear	taringa	Ear	1
44	to hear	rongo	Hear; fame	1
45	eye	mata	Face	1
46	to see
47	to yawn	haamama	Pollex 06: <Haamama. :Open the mouth, yawn (Sta)>.	19, 28
48	to sleep	moe	Sleep	10, 109
49	to lie down	takoto	Pollex 06: Takoto. :Lie down (Sta).	7, 10
50	to dream	moemoeaa	Pollex 06: Moemoeaa. :Dream, longing (Sta).	7, 27
51	to sit	noho	Sit	16
52	to stand	tuu	Stand	2
53	person/human being	tangata	Man	1, 66, 97
54	man/male	taane	Male	1, 11
55	woman/female	vahine	Woman	1, 106, 116
55	woman/female	-hine	Female (I don't understand why this is treated as a suffix - MW)	1, 41
56	child	tamariki	Children	6, 63
57	husband	taane	Pollex 06: Taane. :Male, man, husband (Sta).	14
58	wife
59	mother	tinana	Dam (of animals)	1
60	father	paa	L from English		L
61	house	kaaiŋa	Home	6
61	house	hare	House	14
62	thatch/roof	ato	Thatch	1
63	name	ingoa	Name	6
64	to say
65	rope	taura	Rope (Yda)	9
66	to tie up, fasten	hiitiki	Tie	148
66	to tie up, fasten	nati	Draw tight	13
67	to sew	tui	Sew; needle	13, 16
68	needle	tui	Pollex 06: Tui. :Sew; needle.	66
69	to hunt
70	to shoot	hana	Bow and arrow	1
71	to stab, pierce	paatia	Pollex 06: Paatia. :Stab, thrust, inject; spear, javelin, lance (Sta).	9
72	to hit	patu	Kill pig or chicken (Bse); hit, beat	7
72	to hit	sasa	Beat, thrash (Rmn)	12
72	to hit	tuki	Beat	8
73	to steal	kaiaa	Steal	7
74	to kill	taa	Pollex 06: Taa. :Hit, beat, strike, kill (Sta).	8
75	to die, be dead	mate	Pollex 06: Mate. :Die, death.	1
76	to live, be alive	ora	Well, alive, satisfied (after eating)	6
77	to scratch	ra/raku/	Scratch with fingernails or claws	9
78	to cut, hack	va/vasi/	Break (e.g. a coconut) (Yda)	13
78	to cut, hack	tarai	Carve, chip, cut knots	1
79	stick/wood	raakau	Stick, wood	1, 26
80	to split	ŋa/haa	To be broken, as, for example, a coconut shell (Rsn)	5, 97
81	sharp	keo	Pollex 06: Keo. :Sharp point; sharp.	83
81	sharp	koi	Pollex 06: Koi. :Sharp, keen; point (Sta).	14, 66
82	dull, blunt	muu	Pollex 06: Muu/muu. :Not sharp, blunt (of husking stick, scissors, knives, etc) (Sta).	10
83	to work	anga	Pollex 06: <Anga/anga. :Work, labour, job>.	10
84	to plant	tanu	Pollex 06: Tanu. :Plant; bury.	2
85	to choose	hiri	Select, choose	1
86	to grow	tupu	Grow	1
87	to swell	puku	Pollex 06: Puku. :Swelling, tumour; swell, become swollen (Sta).	24
88	to squeeze	ro/romi	Press upon	10
89	to hold	kuku	Squeeze, wring, grasp	12
89	to hold	tango	Hold, seize	14
90	to dig	keri	Dig	1
91	to buy	hoko	L from likely Rarotongan w/nativisation	7	L
92	to open, uncover	sura		82
93	to pound, beat	tuki	Beat	2
94	to throw	peehua	Pollex 06: <Peehua. :Throw (Sta)>.	12
95	to fall	singa	Fall, topple	44
96	dog	kurii	Dog	7
97	bird	manu	Bird, animal	1
98	egg	hua	Pollex 06: Hua. :Egg, fruit; to bear fruit.	5
99	feather	huru	Pollex 06: Huru/huru. :Hair, feather.	1
100	wing	pererau	Pollex 06: Pererau. :Wing (Sta).	9
101	to fly	rere	Fly, swing	11
102	rat	kire	Polynesian Rat (Rattus exulans) (Cbl)	12
103	meat/flesh	kiko	Flesh	10
104	fat/grease	sunu	Fat, grease	12
104	fat/grease	ngako		14
105	tail	siku	Tail	13
106	snake
107	worm (earthworm)	toke	Worm	7
107	worm (earthworm)	toke	Worm	7
108	louse	kutu	Louse	1
109	mosquito	namu	Pollex 06: Namu. :Mosquito.	1
110	spider
111	fish	ika	Fish n	1
112	rotten	para	Ripe	13
112	rotten	popo	Decayed	14
113	branch	raaraa	Small branch	1
114	leaf	rau	Leaf	1
115	root	aka	Root; sprout	2
116	flower	pua	To bloom	1
117	fruit	hua	Bear fruit	1
118	grass	mauku	Grass, fern	58
119	earth/soil	repo	Dirt	11
120	stone	poohatu	Stone, rock	1, 19
121	sand	one	Sand	1
122	water	vai	Water	2
123	to flow	tahe	To flow	10
124	sea	moana	Ocean; blue	10
125	salt
126	lake
127	woods/forest	voo	Pollex 06: Voo. :Bush, forest (Sta).	14
128	sky	rangi	Sky	1
129	moon	marama	Pollex 06: Marama. :Moon, month.	7
130	star	hetuu	Pollex 06: Hetuu. :Star (Sta).	1
131	cloud	oo	Pollex 06: Oo. :Cloud, white cloud (Sta).	12
132	fog	kohu	That which envelops	1, 47
133	rain	ua	Rain	1
134	thunder	hatutiri	Thunder	14
135	lightning	uira	Lightning	2
136	wind	matangi	Wind	1, 66
136	wind	sau	Wind (Cbl)	10
137	to blow	aŋiaŋi	Blow; light breeze	8
138	warm	mahana(hana)	Warm	1, 72
139	cold	makariri	Cold	1, 52
139	cold	anu	Cold	8
140	dry	masa	Dry, calm	11
141	wet	rari	Wet	9
142	heavy	tai/mafa	Heavy	46, 66
142	heavy	taimaha	Heavy	46, 66
143	fire	ahi	Fire	1
144	to burn	tahu	Burn, set on fire, firewood	8
145	smoke	au	Pollex 06: Au. :Smoke.	2
145	smoke	auahi	Pollex 06: Auahi. :Smoke; fire, flare (Sta).	2
146	ash	rehu	Pollex 06: Rehu. :Ash (Sta).	67
147	black	kere/kere	Black	5
147	black	uri	Black, deep-blue	7
148	white	tea	White	8
149	red	kura	Red	13
150	yellow	rengarenga	Yellow	10
151	green	matie	Pollex 06: Matie. :Green (Sta).	1, 11
152	small	iti	Small, small portion	1
152	small	poto	Short	10
153	big	rahi	Large	12
153	big	nuä	Big (Lmt)	11
154	short	poto	Short	9
154	short	sakasaka	Low in status and short in elevation (Rmn)	10
155	long	roa	Long, tall	12, 105
156	thin
157	thick
158	narrow	kisi	Pollex 06: Kisi/kisi. :Narrow, skinny, thin (Sta).
159	wide	raharaha	Flat, broad, wide	48
160	painful, sick	mamae	Pain in stomach	10
160	painful, sick	maki		1
161	shy, ashamed	maa	Ashamed, shy	1
162	old	tahito	Old	10
163	new	hoou	New	1
164	good	reka	Pleasant	14
164	good	maitaki	Good, kind	15
164	good	suumaringa	Beautiful, good, nice (Hnt)	16, 141
165	bad, evil	kino	Bad (Lmt)	9
166	correct, true	tika	Right; to agree	9
167	night	poo	Night	1
168	day	ao	The world (Cbl)	1, 54
169	year	matahiti	Pollex 06: Matahiti. :Year (Sta).	7
170	when?	aahea	When?	5
171	to hide	koopiri	Pollex 06: <Koopiri. :To hide (Sta)>.
172	to climb	kake	Climb; coitus	32
173	at	i	At	1
174	in, inside
175	above	runga	Top	9
176	below
177	this	teeia	Pollex 06: Teeia. :This (this one with me, this one by me) (Sta).	7, 45
178	that	taua	Retrospective article	x
179	near	vai/tata/	Near	9
180	far	momoo	Far off, distant	13
181	where?	hea	Where	3, 35
182	I	au	I, me	1, 21
183	thou	koe	You (Sing.)	1
183	thou	koe	You (Sing.)	1
184	he/she	ia	Third person singular personal pronoun	1
185	we	tatou	2PL	1, 39
186	you
187	they
188	what?	aha	What?	1
189	who?	v/ai	Who?	1, 19
190	other
191	all	katoa	All	13
192	and	ma(a)	Additive	2
193	if
194	how?	peehea	How?	11
195	no, not	kaare	L from Rarotongan	11	L
195	no, not	caré	Pollex 06: Caré. :Not (Lmt).	11
196	to count	ta/tau	Pollex 06: Ta/tau. :Read, count (Sta).	8, 80
197	One	tahi	One (Bge)	41
198	Two	rua	Two	1
199	Three	toru	Three	1
200	Four	haa	Four	1, 66
201	Five	rima	Five, hand-arm.(Source: Pollex)	1
202	Six	ono	Pollex 06: Ono. :Six (Sta).	1
203	Seven	hitu	Seven.(Source: Pollex)	1
204	Eight	varu	Pollex 06: Varu. :Eight	3
205	Nine	iva	Nine.(Source: Pollex)	5, 44
206	Ten	ngahuru	Ten.(Source: Pollex)	5, 32
207	Twenty
208	Fifty
209	One Hundred	rau	Hundred.(Source: Pollex)	2
210	One Thousand

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Austronesian

Basic Vocabulary Database

Language: Penrhyn

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Change History:

Entries: