Language: Proto-Oceanic (Blust)
Source/Author: | Blust (1993) |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: ocea1241 |
Notes: | Blust, Robert. Central and Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian. 32:241–293 (1993). Ross, Pawley & Osmond. The lexicon of Proto Oceanic. Vol. 1 (1998), vol. 2 (2003); plus drafts of some chapters of vol. 3. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Simon Greenhill Checked By: Simon Greenhill |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:(Proto) |
Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
- Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 111 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2016-07-11 11:39:45)
- Changed from "*muri" (Word 13) - Antoinette Schapper (2016-06-24 14:05:20)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2010-03-05 02:30:57)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
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69 | to hunt
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94 | to throw
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96 | dog | ![]() |
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159 | wide | ![]() |
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191 | all | ![]() |
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195 | no, not | ![]() |
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196 | to count | ![]() |
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210 | One Thousand
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170 | when?
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*(q)ana-ŋican | past | ||
95 | to fall
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*(s,j)u(a,u) | 39 | ||
67 | to sew
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*(su)suʀi | also 'needle'; < *suʀi 'bone' | 15 | |
68 | needle | *(su)suʀi | also 'sew' | 19 | |
170 | when?
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*(ŋ,q)a-ŋican | future | ||
122 | water
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*[dr,r]anum | 1 | ||
182 | I | *[i]au | 1, 21 | ||
183 | thou | *[i]ko[e] | 1 | ||
187 | they | *[k]ira | 1 | ||
151 | green | *[ma]karawa | 13 | ||
155 | long
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*[ma]lago | 19 | ||
155 | long
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*[ma]lawa | 12 | ||
140 | dry
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*[ma]maca | 11 | ||
148 | white | *[pula]pula-n | |||
19 | shoulder | *[qa]paʀa | 1 | ||
157 | thick
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*[tubu]tubu-[ka] | 12 | ||
178 | that | *a | 1 | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | *ajok | 1 | ||
143 | fire | *api | 1 | ||
84 | to plant | *asok | in holes | 28 | |
175 | above | *atas | 1 | ||
136 | wind | *aŋin | 1 | ||
83 | to work
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*b(w)aku(r,ʀ) | 19 | ||
155 | long
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*b(w)arapu | 16 | ||
166 | correct, true | *bonor | 1 | ||
154 | short
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*botoŋ | 9 | ||
167 | night | *boŋi | 1 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | *buku[ti] | 41 | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | *bulati | 1, 34 | ||
141 | wet | *buluk | 37 | ||
24 | head | *bwatu(k) | 9 | ||
23 | blood | *draʀaq | 1 | ||
177 | this | *e | 1, 18 | ||
134 | thunder | *guru[ru] | 2 | ||
173 | at | *i | 1 | ||
177 | this | *i | 1, 18 | ||
174 | in, inside | *i lalo-ña | 1 | ||
176 | below | *i papaq | 1 | ||
175 | above | *i papo | 2 | ||
184 | he/she | *ia | 1 | ||
111 | fish | *ikan | 1 | ||
105 | tail | *ikuʀ | 1 | ||
40 | to drink | *inum | 1 | ||
27 | nose | *isuŋ | 1 | ||
6 | road/path | *jalan | 1 | ||
192 | and | *ka | 1 | ||
193 | if | *ka | 1 | ||
163 | new | *ka(l,r)abwa | 9 | ||
186 | you | *ka[m]u | 1 | ||
197 | One
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*kai | 31 | ||
80 | to split
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*kakas | 42 | ||
9 | to swim | *kakaʀu | [?] | 5 | |
90 | to dig | *kali | 1 | ||
185 | we
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*kamami | exclusive | 2 | |
185 | we
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*kami | exclusive | 2, 52 | |
186 | you | *kamiu | 1, 13 | ||
37 | to eat | *kani | 1 | ||
132 | fog | *kaput | 1 | ||
77 | to scratch
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*karu(t) | 44 | ||
77 | to scratch
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*kasi | 5 | ||
102 | rat | *kasupe | 3 | ||
79 | stick/wood | *kayu | 1 | ||
41 | to bite | *kaʀat | 1 | ||
151 | green | *keja | [?] | 8 | |
90 | to dig | *keli | 1 | ||
152 | small | *kiki | 78 | ||
46 | to see | *kita | 1 | ||
185 | we
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*kita | inclusive | 1, 50 | |
66 | to tie up, fasten | *kiti | 20 | ||
110 | spider | *koko | 37 | ||
89 | to hold
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*kokom | 1 | ||
158 | narrow | *kopit | [?] | 48 | |
77 | to scratch
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*kosi | 5 | ||
194 | how?
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*ku(y)a | 1 | ||
12 | skin | *kulit | 1 | ||
64 | to say | *kunu | [?] | 10 | |
134 | thunder | *kuru[ru] | 2 | ||
78 | to cut, hack
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*kutu | |||
108 | louse
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*kutu | head louse | 1 | |
175 | above | *laka | |||
5 | to walk | *lako | 1 | ||
135 | lightning | *lap(w)a(r,ʀ) | 9 | ||
102 | rat | *lapo | 1 | ||
153 | big | *lapuat | 10 | ||
124 | sea | *laur | ocean(wards) | 6 | |
110 | spider | *lawaq | 1 | ||
128 | sky | *laŋit | 1 | ||
1 | hand | *lima | 1, 64 | ||
201 | Five
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*lima | 1 | ||
208 | Fifty
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*lima-ŋa-puluq | 1, 2 | ||
31 | tooth | *lipon | 1, 35 | ||
190 | other | *liqan | 2, 33 | ||
25 | neck | *liqoʀ | 1 | ||
8 | to turn
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*liu | 2 | ||
88 | to squeeze
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*losit | 19 | ||
35 | to vomit | *luaq | 8 | ||
81 | sharp | *m(w)ata | sharp-edged | 36 | |
192 | and | *ma | 2 | ||
193 | if | *ma | 3 | ||
139 | cold
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*ma-dri(d)riŋ | 1 | ||
138 | warm
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*ma-panas | 1, 72 | ||
164 | good | *ma-pia | 1 | ||
147 | black | *ma-qeto(m) | 1 | ||
10 | dirty | *ma-qetom | 2 | ||
22 | to fear | *ma-takut | 1 | ||
81 | sharp | *ma-tasim | 1 | ||
157 | thick
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*ma-tolu | 3 | ||
2 | left | *ma-wiʀi | 1, 59 | ||
140 | dry
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*ma-ʀaŋo | 1 | ||
7 | to come | *mai | 1 | ||
109 | mosquito | *makini-kini | 47 | ||
136 | wind | *mal(i,e)u | 34 | ||
139 | cold
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*malaso | 51 | ||
33 | to laugh | *malip | 3 | ||
38 | to chew
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*mamaq | 1 | ||
142 | heavy | *mamat | 46, 35 | ||
156 | thin
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*manipis | 1 | ||
97 | bird | *manuk | 1 | ||
142 | heavy | *mapat | 46 | ||
112 | rotten
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*mapu | [?] | 52, 107 | |
148 | white | *maputiq | 1 | ||
125 | salt | *maqasin | 3, 45 | ||
10 | dirty | *maqitom | 2 | ||
76 | to live, be alive | *maqurip | 1, 76 | ||
151 | green | *marawa | 13 | ||
160 | painful, sick | *masakit | 1 | ||
45 | eye | *mata | 1 | ||
3 | right | *mataqu | 5, 13 | ||
75 | to die, be dead | *mate | 1 | ||
162 | old
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*matuqa | 1 | ||
48 | to sleep | *maturuʀ | 1 | ||
47 | to yawn | *mawap | 19 | ||
32 | tongue | *maya | 7 | ||
161 | shy, ashamed | *mayaq | 1 | ||
28 | to breathe | *mañawa | 1 | ||
7 | to come | *maʀi | 1 | ||
149 | red | *meʀaq | 1 | ||
50 | to dream | *mipi | 1, 37 | ||
104 | fat/grease | *moñak | 1, 65 | ||
35 | to vomit | *mu-mutaq | 1 | ||
13 | back
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*muri | Refers to a spatial relation 'rear' and needs to be removed from this semantic set | 3 | |
106 | snake | *mwata | 12 | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | *mwata-mwata | 10 | ||
54 | man/male | *mwaʀuqane | 1, 69 | ||
178 | that | *na | 1 | ||
39 | to cook
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*napu | boil, steam | ||
39 | to cook
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*nasu(q) | boil | 3 | |
56 | child | *natu | 5 | ||
177 | this | *ne | 1 | ||
177 | this | *ni | 1 | ||
50 | to dream | *nipi | 1, 60 | ||
31 | tooth | *nipon | 1 | ||
51 | to sit | *nopo | 16 | ||
202 | Six
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*onom | 1 | ||
70 | to shoot
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*p(w)anaq | 1 | ||
135 | lightning | *p(w)ilak | 26 | ||
88 | to squeeze
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*p(w)ip(w)it | 17 | ||
80 | to split
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*p(w)olaq | 1 | ||
137 | to blow
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*p(w)usi | 6 | ||
179 | near | *pa[ka]-raŋi | 1 | ||
181 | where?
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*pai | 3 | ||
118 | grass | *pali(s,j)i | 1 | ||
73 | to steal | *panako | 1, 58 | ||
172 | to climb
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*panek | |||
200 | Four
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*pani | 1, 69 | ||
100 | wing | *panij | 2 | ||
5 | to walk | *pano | 2 | ||
30 | mouth | *papaq | 1 | ||
55 | woman/female | *papine | 1, 106 | ||
163 | new | *paqoʀu | 1 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | *paqus | 11 | ||
200 | Four
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*pat | 1 | ||
200 | Four
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*pati | 1, 65 | ||
120 | stone | *patu | 1 | ||
87 | to swell
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*paʀoq | 1 | ||
181 | where?
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*pea | 3, 35 | ||
85 | to choose | *piliq | 1 | ||
55 | woman/female | *pine | 1, 41 | ||
80 | to split
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*pisak | 10 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | *pisi | 32 | ||
103 | meat/flesh | *pisiko | 10 | ||
203 | Seven
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*pitu | 1 | ||
130 | star | *pituqun | 1 | ||
91 | to buy | *poli | 1 | ||
80 | to split
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*potak | 41 | ||
88 | to squeeze
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*poʀos | 42 | ||
117 | fruit | *puaq | 1 | ||
92 | to open, uncover | *pukes | 1, 63 | ||
129 | moon | *pulan | 1 | ||
99 | feather | *pulu | 1 | ||
171 | to hide
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*puni | 1 | ||
72 | to hit
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*punuq | 23 | ||
74 | to kill | *punuq | 1 | ||
82 | dull, blunt | *purul | 1, 33 | ||
116 | flower | *puŋa | 1 | ||
134 | thunder | *pwa[ra]raq | 15 | ||
119 | earth/soil | *pway(a) | soil, earth | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | *pwita | 12 | ||
168 | day | *qaco | = daylight | 1 | |
123 | to flow | *qaliʀ | 1 | ||
36 | to spit | *qanusi | 14, 84 | ||
146 | ash | *qapu | 1 | ||
11 | dust | *qapuk | 1 | ||
57 | husband | *qasawa | 2 | ||
58 | wife | *qasawa | 1 | ||
125 | salt | *qasiʀa | 1 | ||
145 | smoke
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*qasu | 2 | ||
17 | liver | *qate | 1 | ||
98 | egg | *qatoluʀ | 1, 61 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | *qatop | 1 | ||
30 | mouth | *qawa | 36 | ||
131 | cloud
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*qaʀoq | 12 | ||
123 | to flow | *qaʀus | 2 | ||
49 | to lie down
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*qenop | 1 | ||
49 | to lie down
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*qinop | 1 | ||
152 | small | *qitek | 1 | ||
152 | small | *qitik | 1, 131 | ||
121 | sand | *qone | 1 | ||
135 | lightning | *qu(s,j)ila(q) | 2 | ||
72 | to hit
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*qubu | 44 | ||
24 | head | *qulu | 1 | ||
83 | to work
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*quma | 1 | ||
133 | rain | *qusan | 1 | ||
127 | woods/forest | *qutan | bushland, hinterland | 7 | |
126 | lake | *rano | 1 | ||
146 | ash | *rapu(ʀ) | |||
113 | branch
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*raqan | 1 | ||
168 | day | *raqani | 6 | ||
138 | warm
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*raraŋ | 46 | ||
77 | to scratch
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*rasi | |||
114 | leaf | *raun | 1 | ||
26 | hair
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*raun ni qulu | 40 | ||
179 | near | *raŋi | 1 | ||
152 | small | *riki(t,q) | 66 | ||
21 | to think | *rodrom | 13 | ||
44 | to hear | *roŋoʀ | 1 | ||
198 | Two
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*rua | 1 | ||
207 | Twenty
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*rua-ŋa-puluq | 3, 6 | ||
206 | Ten
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*sa-[ŋa]-puluq | 5 | ||
197 | One
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*sa-kai | 8 | ||
189 | who?
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*sai | 1 | ||
172 | to climb
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*sake | 55 | ||
123 | to flow | *saliʀ | 24 | ||
188 | what?
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*sapa | 1 | ||
165 | bad, evil | *saqat | 1 | ||
67 | to sew
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*saqit | 2 | ||
137 | to blow
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*sau | 12 | ||
180 | far | *sauq | 1 | ||
68 | needle | *saʀum | 1 | ||
189 | who?
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*sei | 1 | ||
78 | to cut, hack
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*siba | 19 | ||
105 | tail | *siku | 13 | ||
109 | mosquito | *simuk | |||
205 | Nine
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*siwa | 5 | ||
71 | to stab, pierce | *soka | 67 | ||
42 | to suck | *sosop | 1 | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | *sulati | 1, 8 | ||
18 | breast | *susu | 1 | ||
15 | bone | *suʀi | 52 | ||
197 | One
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*ta-sa | 41 | ||
197 | One
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*tai | 14 | ||
13 | back
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*takuʀu | 12 | ||
65 | rope | *tali | 1 | ||
43 | ear | *taliŋa | 1 | ||
60 | father | *tama | 1 | ||
119 | earth/soil | *tanoq | earth, land, ground | 1 | |
84 | to plant | *tanum | 2 | ||
123 | to flow | *tape | 10 | ||
131 | cloud
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*taqe ni laŋit | 116 | ||
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | *taqu | 1 | ||
169 | year | *taqun | 1 | ||
124 | sea | *tasik | 1 | ||
125 | salt | *tasik | = sea | 20 | |
179 | near | *tata | 9 | ||
53 | person/human being | *tau | 1 | ||
53 | person/human being | *taumataq | 1, 66 | ||
34 | to cry | *taŋis | 1 | ||
78 | to cut, hack
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*taʀaq | 1 | ||
14 | belly | *tian | 1 | ||
59 | mother | *tina | 1 | ||
16 | intestines | *tinaqi | 1 | ||
48 | to sleep | *tiruʀ | 1 | ||
199 | Three
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*tolu | 1 | ||
78 | to cut, hack
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*totok | 3 | ||
86 | to grow
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*tubuq | 1 | ||
87 | to swell
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*tubuq | 12 | ||
154 | short
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*tuku | 66 | ||
108 | louse
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*tuma | body louse | 3 | |
39 | to cook
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*tunu | roast | 9 | |
144 | to burn
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*tunu | 1 | ||
52 | to stand | *tuqur | 2 | ||
48 | to sleep | *turuʀ | 1 | ||
93 | to pound, beat
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*tutuk | 2 | ||
67 | to sew
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*tuʀi | sew, thread, string together | 13 | |
137 | to blow
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*upi | 4, 81 | ||
122 | water
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*waiʀ | 2 | ||
115 | root | *wakaʀ | 2 | ||
115 | root | *wakaʀa | 2 | ||
204 | Eight
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*walu | 3 | ||
3 | right | *wanan | 1 | ||
4 | leg/foot | *waqe | 1, 100 | ||
124 | sea | *wasas | open sea | 12 | |
65 | rope | *waʀoj | 2 | ||
150 | yellow | *yaŋo | 9 | ||
109 | mosquito | *ñamuk | 1 | ||
170 | when?
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*ŋaican | future | ||
63 | name | *ŋajan | |||
209 | One Hundred
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*ʀatu(s) | 4 | ||
101 | to fly | *ʀopok | 1 | ||
61 | house | *ʀumwaq | 1 | ||
25 | neck | *ʀuqa | 18 |