https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Saipan Carolinian

Source/Author:  Bender et al. (2003a,b) 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:cal  Glottocode: caro1242 
Notes:  Bender, W.B., Goodenough, W.H., Jackson, F.H., Marck, J.C., Rehg, K.L., Sohn, H., Trussel, S. & Wang, J.W. (2003) Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions I & II. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Simon Greenhill  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:Micronesian:Micronesian Proper:Ponapeic-Trukic:Trukic 
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Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
2 left      
3 right      
7 to come      
10 dirty      
11 dust      
29 to sniff, smell      
32 tongue      
43 ear      
64 to say      
68 needle      
69 to hunt word info      
70 to shoot word info      
78 to cut, hack word info      
83 to work word info      
89 to hold word info      
91 to buy      
96 dog      
97 bird      
100 wing      
104 fat/grease      
105 tail      
106 snake      
107 worm (earthworm)      
110 spider      
111 fish      
125 salt      
126 lake      
131 cloud word info      
132 fog      
135 lightning      
138 warm word info      
148 white      
149 red      
158 narrow      
159 wide      
161 shy, ashamed      
162 old word info      
164 good      
165 bad, evil      
169 year      
175 above      
176 below      
190 other      
191 all      
194 how? word info      
196 to count      
199 Three word info      
206 Ten word info      
207 Twenty word info      
208 Fifty word info      
4 leg/foot peshe   15  
6 road/path ala-(l)   1  
9 to swim áf   7  
9 to swim áfe-   7  
12 skin ghiil   1  
12 skin ghili   1  
13 back word info saghúr   12  
15 bone shúú   2  
16 intestines taa   14  
19 shoulder aifár   1  
22 to fear me-sagh   1  
22 to fear ma-sagh   1  
22 to fear me-ságh   1  
23 blood tcha   1  
23 blood tchaa-   1  
25 neck úúw   18  
25 neck úwa-(l)   18  
27 nose bʷoot   1, 12  
27 nose bʷootú-   1, 12  
30 mouth aaw   36  
30 mouth awa-(l)   36  
31 tooth ŋii   30  
31 tooth ŋii-(l)   30  
35 to vomit mʷmʷus   1  
39 to cook word info mʷoot   19, 82  
39 to cook word info mʷoota-   19, 82  
40 to drink úl   1  
40 to drink úlú-mi   1, 59  
40 to drink úlú-ma-   1, 74  
44 to hear roŋ   1  
44 to hear roŋoroŋ   1  
45 eye maas   1  
45 eye mesa-(l)   1  
47 to yawn (a)-móó-(l)   19  
47 to yawn móó-(l-atél)   19  
49 to lie down word info wol   1  
50 to dream ttal   9  
53 person/human being ara-mas   67, 70  
53 person/human being are-mas   67, 70  
55 woman/female shóó-bʷut   7  
55 woman/female liye-   6  
55 woman/female liya-   6  
56 child layú-   5  
56 child sáár   7  
56 child sári-   7  
59 mother iil   1  
59 mother ila-(l)   1  
61 house iimʷ   1, 48  
61 house imʷa-(l)   1, 48  
63 name iit   66  
63 name ita-   66  
67 to sew word info teete   2  
67 to sew word info tee-yi   2  
76 to live, be alive ma-law   7  
76 to live, be alive (a)-ma-lawa   7  
81 sharp kkáŋ   14, 68  
82 dull, blunt kkóbʷ   13  
84 to plant ffót   6  
84 to plant fóto-ghi   6  
84 to plant fóót   6  
86 to grow word info ffóól   8  
86 to grow word info ffóólá-á-li   8  
86 to grow word info ffóóla-a-(y)   8  
87 to swell word info bʷoo   9  
87 to swell word info bʷo   9  
87 to swell word info bʷoobʷo   9  
98 egg sóghull   1, 66  
98 egg saghull   1, 66  
98 egg sóghullu-(l)   1, 66  
101 to fly yál   13  
101 to fly yáliyál   13  
102 rat gheesh   16  
103 meat/flesh fitúg   10  
103 meat/flesh fitugh   10  
108 louse word info ghúúw   1  
114 leaf shéé   1  
118 grass fitil   1  
118 grass fetil   1  
120 stone faay   1  
120 stone faaú   1  
120 stone fayú-(l)   1  
121 sand ppi   12  
124 sea me-taw   13  
124 sea ma-taw   13  
124 sea sáát   1  
130 star fúú   1  
130 star fúú-(l)   1  
133 rain úút   1  
134 thunder pachch   15, 16  
134 thunder pachchú-(l)   15, 16  
136 wind ááŋ   1  
136 wind yááŋ   1  
136 wind yáŋi-   1  
142 heavy tchów   9  
152 small -shigh   81  
152 small ghit   80  
152 small ghikkit   80  
152 small ghitighiit   80  
153 big lap   10  
153 big llape-   10  
154 short word info mʷoshomʷoosh   12  
157 thick word info ma-aliyél   3  
157 thick word info má-áliyél   3  
157 thick word info maaléél   3  
167 night bʷooŋ   1  
167 night bʷoŋi-   1  
168 day ráál   6  
168 day rááli-   6  
170 when? word info (i)-lee-t   1, 24  
170 when? word info (i)-lee-ta   1, 24  
173 at i-   1  
181 where? word info i-fa   3, 48  
181 where? word info iya   37  
183 thou u-   x  
183 thou eel   6  
186 you aw   36  
186 you áámi   1, 13  
186 you -ghámi   1, 13  
187 they re-   1, 70  
187 they ra-   1, 70  
187 they iir   1, 70  
189 who? word info (i)-yo   9  
189 who? word info (ii)-yo   9  
193 if (ŋ)-are   7  
195 no, not -se   4  
197 One word info eet   1  
197 One word info éét   1  
198 Two word info rúúw   1  
198 Two word info ruwa-   1  
198 Two word info ruwo-   1  
198 Two word info ruwe-   1  
200 Four word info fáál   1, 69  
201 Five word info limo-uw   1  
201 Five word info lim-mal   1  
201 Five word info lime-igh   1  
201 Five word info lima-   1  
201 Five word info liim   1  
202 Six word info ool   1  
202 Six word info olo-   1  
203 Seven word info fisu   1  
204 Eight word info wali-igh   3  
204 Eight word info walu-uw   3  
204 Eight word info walú-   3  
204 Eight word info waal   3  
205 Nine word info tiwo-   5  
205 Nine word info tiwa-   5  
205 Nine word info tiiw   5  
209 One Hundred word info -bwúghúw   20  
210 One Thousand word info -ŋé-réw   17  
14 belly uubʷ abdomen 11  
192 and ŋe and (but) 10  
192 and me and (with) 2  
183 thou gho- archaic 1  
5 to walk fetál around 8  
146 ash mʷó-ósh ashes (as from a cigarete) 9  
146 ash (a)-mʷmʷó-ósh ashes (as from a cigarete) 9  
144 to burn word info ghú be alight, smolder, be burning 10  
39 to cook word info mʷoot be cooked 19, 82  
147 black shól be dark / black all over, 8  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷél be dirty 13  
140 dry word info mmat be dry/low (of water)/be low tide 11  
180 far taaw be far 1  
155 long word info láálááy be long, tall 13  
179 near a-rap be near 13  
163 new ffé be new 1  
166 correct, true bʷuŋ be right, correct 12  
112 rotten word info bʷa be rotten on one side (of fruit) 17  
112 rotten word info bʷaa- be rotten on one side (of fruit) 17  
141 wet tchogh be saturated, soaked, wet 12  
48 to sleep (ghúla)-mʷmʷey be sleeping deeply    
145 smoke word info (bʷa)-atiyat be smoking lightly 2  
21 to think máŋimáŋ be thinking, thought, idea 11  
180 far taawu-(ló) be very far 1  
147 black shótchól black 8  
151 green araw blue 13, 52  
151 green arawaraw blue 13, 52  
79 stick/wood ráá- branch 2  
79 stick/wood ráá-l branch 2  
113 branch word info ráá branch 1  
113 branch word info ráá-l branch 1  
18 breast útt breast 1  
28 to breathe ŋŋas breathe/breath/sigh 10  
28 to breathe ŋasaŋas breathe/breath/sigh 10  
19 shoulder ayúfar carry a load on the shoulder 1  
85 to choose fili choose it 1  
122 water word info shalú- clear liquid 1  
172 to climb word info téé-(tá) climb 8  
172 to climb word info téé-ghi climb up something 8  
179 near akka-rap come closer/approach 13  
34 to cry sáŋ cry 1  
34 to cry sáŋisáŋ cry 1  
75 to die, be dead máá death 1  
75 to die, be dead die 1  
90 to dig kkeli-ŋi dig (a hole) with an implement 1  
90 to dig kkel dig a hole with a digging implement 1  
90 to dig gheli-ŋi dig up (s.t.) 1  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷel dirt 13  
93 to pound, beat word info úghúúgh do pounding 20, 2  
140 dry word info mʷór evaporate/dry up 13  
140 dry word info mʷóra-ló evaporate/dry up 13  
185 we word info ay excl. 43  
8 to turn word info sápe- face, turn or proceed (in a direction). Has directional suffix 14  
60 father saam father 1  
26 hair word info ileila- feather/fur/body hair 10  
99 feather ileila- feathers/fur/body hair 30  
139 cold word info ffooy feel cold 11  
139 cold word info ffééy feel cold 11  
117 fruit wwa flower 1  
116 flower péé flower, blossom 10  
127 woods/forest walúwal forest, jungle 17  
117 fruit uwa fruit 1  
182 I ŋaaŋ ghaaŋ = analogical back formation 12  
182 I ghaaŋ ghaaŋ = analogical back formation 12  
1 hand paay hand/wing/arm 8  
1 hand payú-(l) hand/wing/arm 8  
128 sky lááŋ heaven 1  
18 breast úttú-(l) her breast 1  
60 father sema-(l) his father 1  
24 head úli-(l) his head (respect usage) 1  
24 head yúli-(l) his head (respect usage) 1  
17 liver áse-(l) his liver 1  
19 shoulder aifara-(l) his shoulder 1  
193 if (ŋá)-áre if 7  
185 we word info ghiish incl. 1, 42  
184 he/she ii independent pronoun 1  
174 in, inside lló-(l) inside of it 1  
117 fruit uwaa-(l) its fruit 1  
143 fire (a-ghúú)-áf light a signal fire 1  
150 yellow yóleyól light color such as cream, yellow, or tan 9  
54 man/male mʷáál man/male 1  
54 man/male olo- man/male/guy 13  
129 moon ma-ram moon, month 7  
109 mosquito lóómʷ mosquito 1  
109 mosquito lómʷo-(l) mosquito of 1  
92 to open, uncover wáá-si open (the way), make room for (more people) 12  
193 if (ŋ)-áre or (<ŋe are) 7  
160 painful, sick metágh painful/hurt 1  
6 road/path aal path/road/his path 1  
93 to pound, beat word info úghú-w pound food into paste 20, 2  
115 root waara-(l) root of 2  
115 root waar roots 2  
65 rope sáál rope 1  
65 rope sálil rope of 1  
36 to spit óttuf saliva, to spit 19, 55  
66 to tie up, fasten féé-tagh set an anchor, tie up a boat 11  
19 shoulder aifar shoulder 1  
160 painful, sick se-mʷaay sick 14  
160 painful, sick se-mʷaayú-(l) sick 14  
48 to sleep mayúr sleep 1  
145 smoke word info (bʷa)-at smoky 2  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷelú- soil 13  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷélú- soiled 13  
5 to walk (fara)-fetál somewhere, randomly, 8  
57 husband bʷúlú-wa- spouse 16  
57 husband shóó-li-imw spouse 39  
58 wife bʷúlú-wa- spouse 10  
58 wife shóó-li-imw spouse 22  
52 to stand úú-(tá) stand up 2  
37 to eat mʷoŋo staple food 8  
14 belly ubʷa-(l) stomach, his a. 11  
178 that (i)-mʷu that one (close to hearer) 11  
178 that (i)-mʷuu-l that one (close to hearer, emphatic) 11  
178 that (i)-yeel that one (emphatic) 1  
62 thatch/roof óós thatch 1  
156 thin word info má-lifilif thin/flimsy 1  
177 this yeel this close to speaker 1, 33  
177 this (i)-yeel this one ( emphatic ) 1, 33  
178 that yeel this/that close to speaker 1  
77 to scratch word info kkéét to be scratchy/itchy 11  
137 to blow word info ughu-u-(w) to blow air on (of a person or wind) 15  
38 to chew word info lúúlúú-(w) to chew 59  
38 to chew word info ŋúúŋ to chew (as betel nut or sugar cane), 11  
38 to chew word info lúúlú to chew on 59  
85 to choose ffil to choose/select 1  
39 to cook word info (a)-mʷoot to cook food 19, 82  
37 to eat aŋi to eat something 1  
95 to fall word info mʷoromʷor to fall (as rain or fruit from tree) 16  
37 to eat (a)-mʷoŋoo-(w) to feed someone 8  
123 to flow bʷu to flow 11  
33 to laugh ghekkáy to giggle/chuckle 11  
171 to hide word info óp to hide oneself from people 5  
171 to hide word info ap to hide oneself from people 5  
171 to hide word info op to hide oneself from people 5  
74 to kill lli to hit 11  
20 to know, be knowledgeable ghule to know / learn 18  
20 to know, be knowledgeable ghule-e-(y) to know someone/something 18  
33 to laugh ffas to laugh 10  
33 to laugh faffas to laugh 10  
93 to pound, beat word info pʷpʷoo-li to pound (food) with a mortar and pestle 3  
72 to hit word info tughu-u-(w) to punch, hit (someone or something) 8, 63  
77 to scratch word info gherigher to scratch 12  
77 to scratch word info gheregher to scratch 12  
77 to scratch word info gheri to scratch/grate something 12  
46 to see weri to see something 10  
46 to see uri to see something 10  
51 to sit móót to sit 18, 101  
51 to sit móóte-(tiw) to sit down 18, 101  
51 to sit móót-(tiw) to sit down 18, 101  
71 to stab, pierce ttow to spear something, stab something, give one an injection 13  
80 to split word info tili-ŋi to split or separate (an object) into halves 29  
88 to squeeze word info fei-ŋi to squeeze (something) with the hand. Note: metathesis of vowels 15  
73 to steal púraf to steal 8  
73 to steal piraf to steal 8  
73 to steal mʷósho to steal/be wild/rascally/untamed (of animals) 9  
42 to suck túút to suckle 25  
41 to bite ghey to tear off the husk of coconut or sugarcane with the teeth 38, 73  
21 to think ághiyágh to think 12  
94 to throw word info akkesh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info akkásh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info ákkesh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info ashe-(y) to throw s.t. 14  
94 to throw word info ashee-(y) to throw s.t. 14  
122 water word info shaal water 1  
188 what? word info (mee)-t what? 1, 64  
188 what? word info (mee)-ta what? 1, 64  
1 hand gumʷush wing and hand 9  
1 hand gumʷushú-(l) wing and hand of 9  
146 ash falaŋ wood-burning stove,cooking fire, hibachi, ashes, charcoal, charred wood 8  

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