https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Saipan Carolinian

Source/Author:  Bender et al. (2003a,b) 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:cal  Glottocode: caro1242 
Notes:  Bender, W.B., Goodenough, W.H., Jackson, F.H., Marck, J.C., Rehg, K.L., Sohn, H., Trussel, S. & Wang, J.W. (2003) Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions I & II. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Simon Greenhill  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:Micronesian:Micronesian Proper:Ponapeic-Trukic:Trukic 
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Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
175 above      
191 all      
192 and me and (with) 2  
192 and ŋe and (but) 10  
146 ash falaŋ wood-burning stove,cooking fire, hibachi, ashes, charcoal, charred wood 8  
146 ash mʷó-ósh ashes (as from a cigarete) 9  
146 ash (a)-mʷmʷó-ósh ashes (as from a cigarete) 9  
173 at i-   1  
13 back word info saghúr   12  
165 bad, evil      
14 belly uubʷ abdomen 11  
14 belly ubʷa-(l) stomach, his a. 11  
176 below      
153 big lap   10  
153 big llape-   10  
97 bird      
147 black shótchól black 8  
147 black shól be dark / black all over, 8  
23 blood tcha   1  
23 blood tchaa-   1  
15 bone shúú   2  
113 branch word info ráá branch 1  
113 branch word info ráá-l branch 1  
18 breast útt breast 1  
18 breast úttú-(l) her breast 1  
56 child layú-   5  
56 child sáár   7  
56 child sári-   7  
131 cloud word info      
139 cold word info ffooy feel cold 11  
139 cold word info ffééy feel cold 11  
166 correct, true bʷuŋ be right, correct 12  
168 day ráál   6  
168 day rááli-   6  
10 dirty      
96 dog      
140 dry word info mmat be dry/low (of water)/be low tide 11  
140 dry word info mʷór evaporate/dry up 13  
140 dry word info mʷóra-ló evaporate/dry up 13  
82 dull, blunt kkóbʷ   13  
11 dust      
43 ear      
119 earth/soil pʷpʷel dirt 13  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷelú- soil 13  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷél be dirty 13  
119 earth/soil pʷpʷélú- soiled 13  
98 egg sóghull   1, 66  
98 egg saghull   1, 66  
98 egg sóghullu-(l)   1, 66  
204 Eight word info wali-igh   3  
204 Eight word info walu-uw   3  
204 Eight word info walú-   3  
204 Eight word info waal   3  
45 eye maas   1  
45 eye mesa-(l)   1  
180 far taaw be far 1  
180 far taawu-(ló) be very far 1  
104 fat/grease      
60 father saam father 1  
60 father sema-(l) his father 1  
99 feather ileila- feathers/fur/body hair 30  
208 Fifty word info      
143 fire (a-ghúú)-áf light a signal fire 1  
111 fish      
201 Five word info limo-uw   1  
201 Five word info lim-mal   1  
201 Five word info lime-igh   1  
201 Five word info lima-   1  
201 Five word info liim   1  
116 flower péé flower, blossom 10  
132 fog      
200 Four word info fáál   1, 69  
117 fruit uwa fruit 1  
117 fruit uwaa-(l) its fruit 1  
117 fruit wwa flower 1  
164 good      
118 grass fitil   1  
118 grass fetil   1  
151 green araw blue 13, 52  
151 green arawaraw blue 13, 52  
26 hair word info ileila- feather/fur/body hair 10  
1 hand paay hand/wing/arm 8  
1 hand payú-(l) hand/wing/arm 8  
1 hand gumʷush wing and hand 9  
1 hand gumʷushú-(l) wing and hand of 9  
184 he/she ii independent pronoun 1  
24 head úli-(l) his head (respect usage) 1  
24 head yúli-(l) his head (respect usage) 1  
142 heavy tchów   9  
61 house iimʷ   1, 48  
61 house imʷa-(l)   1, 48  
194 how? word info      
57 husband bʷúlú-wa- spouse 16  
57 husband shóó-li-imw spouse 39  
182 I ŋaaŋ ghaaŋ = analogical back formation 12  
182 I ghaaŋ ghaaŋ = analogical back formation 12  
193 if (ŋá)-áre if 7  
193 if (ŋ)-áre or (<ŋe are) 7  
193 if (ŋ)-are   7  
174 in, inside lló-(l) inside of it 1  
16 intestines taa   14  
126 lake      
114 leaf shéé   1  
2 left      
4 leg/foot peshe   15  
135 lightning      
17 liver áse-(l) his liver 1  
155 long word info láálááy be long, tall 13  
108 louse word info ghúúw   1  
54 man/male mʷáál man/male 1  
54 man/male olo- man/male/guy 13  
103 meat/flesh fitúg   10  
103 meat/flesh fitugh   10  
129 moon ma-ram moon, month 7  
109 mosquito lóómʷ mosquito 1  
109 mosquito lómʷo-(l) mosquito of 1  
59 mother iil   1  
59 mother ila-(l)   1  
30 mouth aaw   36  
30 mouth awa-(l)   36  
63 name iit   66  
63 name ita-   66  
158 narrow      
179 near a-rap be near 13  
179 near akka-rap come closer/approach 13  
25 neck úúw   18  
25 neck úwa-(l)   18  
68 needle      
163 new ffé be new 1  
167 night bʷooŋ   1  
167 night bʷoŋi-   1  
205 Nine word info tiwo-   5  
205 Nine word info tiwa-   5  
205 Nine word info tiiw   5  
195 no, not -se   4  
27 nose bʷoot   1, 12  
27 nose bʷootú-   1, 12  
162 old word info      
197 One word info eet   1  
197 One word info éét   1  
209 One Hundred word info -bwúghúw   20  
210 One Thousand word info -ŋé-réw   17  
190 other      
160 painful, sick metágh painful/hurt 1  
160 painful, sick se-mʷaay sick 14  
160 painful, sick se-mʷaayú-(l) sick 14  
53 person/human being ara-mas   67, 70  
53 person/human being are-mas   67, 70  
133 rain úút   1  
102 rat gheesh   16  
149 red      
3 right      
6 road/path aal path/road/his path 1  
6 road/path ala-(l)   1  
115 root waar roots 2  
115 root waara-(l) root of 2  
65 rope sáál rope 1  
65 rope sálil rope of 1  
112 rotten word info bʷa be rotten on one side (of fruit) 17  
112 rotten word info bʷaa- be rotten on one side (of fruit) 17  
125 salt      
121 sand ppi   12  
124 sea me-taw   13  
124 sea ma-taw   13  
124 sea sáát   1  
203 Seven word info fisu   1  
81 sharp kkáŋ   14, 68  
154 short word info mʷoshomʷoosh   12  
19 shoulder aifar shoulder 1  
19 shoulder aifár   1  
19 shoulder ayúfar carry a load on the shoulder 1  
19 shoulder aifara-(l) his shoulder 1  
161 shy, ashamed      
202 Six word info ool   1  
202 Six word info olo-   1  
12 skin ghiil   1  
12 skin ghili   1  
128 sky lááŋ heaven 1  
152 small -shigh   81  
152 small ghit   80  
152 small ghikkit   80  
152 small ghitighiit   80  
145 smoke word info (bʷa)-at smoky 2  
145 smoke word info (bʷa)-atiyat be smoking lightly 2  
106 snake      
110 spider      
130 star fúú   1  
130 star fúú-(l)   1  
79 stick/wood ráá- branch 2  
79 stick/wood ráá-l branch 2  
120 stone faay   1  
120 stone faaú   1  
120 stone fayú-(l)   1  
105 tail      
206 Ten word info      
178 that yeel this/that close to speaker 1  
178 that (i)-yeel that one (emphatic) 1  
178 that (i)-mʷu that one (close to hearer) 11  
178 that (i)-mʷuu-l that one (close to hearer, emphatic) 11  
62 thatch/roof óós thatch 1  
187 they re-   1, 70  
187 they ra-   1, 70  
187 they iir   1, 70  
157 thick word info ma-aliyél   3  
157 thick word info má-áliyél   3  
157 thick word info maaléél   3  
156 thin word info má-lifilif thin/flimsy 1  
177 this yeel this close to speaker 1, 33  
177 this (i)-yeel this one ( emphatic ) 1, 33  
183 thou gho- archaic 1  
183 thou u-   x  
183 thou eel   6  
199 Three word info      
134 thunder pachch   15, 16  
134 thunder pachchú-(l)   15, 16  
41 to bite ghey to tear off the husk of coconut or sugarcane with the teeth 38, 73  
137 to blow word info ughu-u-(w) to blow air on (of a person or wind) 15  
28 to breathe ŋŋas breathe/breath/sigh 10  
28 to breathe ŋasaŋas breathe/breath/sigh 10  
144 to burn word info ghú be alight, smolder, be burning 10  
91 to buy      
38 to chew word info lúúlú to chew on 59  
38 to chew word info lúúlúú-(w) to chew 59  
38 to chew word info ŋúúŋ to chew (as betel nut or sugar cane), 11  
85 to choose ffil to choose/select 1  
85 to choose fili choose it 1  
172 to climb word info téé-(tá) climb 8  
172 to climb word info téé-ghi climb up something 8  
7 to come      
39 to cook word info mʷoot be cooked 19, 82  
39 to cook word info (a)-mʷoot to cook food 19, 82  
39 to cook word info mʷoot   19, 82  
39 to cook word info mʷoota-   19, 82  
196 to count      
34 to cry sáŋ cry 1  
34 to cry sáŋisáŋ cry 1  
78 to cut, hack word info      
75 to die, be dead die 1  
75 to die, be dead máá death 1  
90 to dig kkel dig a hole with a digging implement 1  
90 to dig kkeli-ŋi dig (a hole) with an implement 1  
90 to dig gheli-ŋi dig up (s.t.) 1  
50 to dream ttal   9  
40 to drink úl   1  
40 to drink úlú-mi   1, 59  
40 to drink úlú-ma-   1, 74  
37 to eat mʷoŋo staple food 8  
37 to eat (a)-mʷoŋoo-(w) to feed someone 8  
37 to eat aŋi to eat something 1  
95 to fall word info mʷoromʷor to fall (as rain or fruit from tree) 16  
22 to fear me-sagh   1  
22 to fear ma-sagh   1  
22 to fear me-ságh   1  
123 to flow bʷu to flow 11  
101 to fly yál   13  
101 to fly yáliyál   13  
86 to grow word info ffóól   8  
86 to grow word info ffóólá-á-li   8  
86 to grow word info ffóóla-a-(y)   8  
44 to hear roŋ   1  
44 to hear roŋoroŋ   1  
171 to hide word info óp to hide oneself from people 5  
171 to hide word info ap to hide oneself from people 5  
171 to hide word info op to hide oneself from people 5  
72 to hit word info tughu-u-(w) to punch, hit (someone or something) 8, 63  
89 to hold word info      
69 to hunt word info      
74 to kill lli to hit 11  
20 to know, be knowledgeable ghule to know / learn 18  
20 to know, be knowledgeable ghule-e-(y) to know someone/something 18  
33 to laugh ffas to laugh 10  
33 to laugh faffas to laugh 10  
33 to laugh ghekkáy to giggle/chuckle 11  
49 to lie down word info wol   1  
76 to live, be alive ma-law   7  
76 to live, be alive (a)-ma-lawa   7  
92 to open, uncover wáá-si open (the way), make room for (more people) 12  
84 to plant ffót   6  
84 to plant fóto-ghi   6  
84 to plant fóót   6  
93 to pound, beat word info pʷpʷoo-li to pound (food) with a mortar and pestle 3  
93 to pound, beat word info úghúúgh do pounding 20, 2  
93 to pound, beat word info úghú-w pound food into paste 20, 2  
64 to say      
77 to scratch word info kkéét to be scratchy/itchy 11  
77 to scratch word info gherigher to scratch 12  
77 to scratch word info gheregher to scratch 12  
77 to scratch word info gheri to scratch/grate something 12  
46 to see weri to see something 10  
46 to see uri to see something 10  
67 to sew word info teete   2  
67 to sew word info tee-yi   2  
70 to shoot word info      
51 to sit móót to sit 18, 101  
51 to sit móóte-(tiw) to sit down 18, 101  
51 to sit móót-(tiw) to sit down 18, 101  
48 to sleep mayúr sleep 1  
48 to sleep (ghúla)-mʷmʷey be sleeping deeply    
29 to sniff, smell      
36 to spit óttuf saliva, to spit 19, 55  
80 to split word info tili-ŋi to split or separate (an object) into halves 29  
88 to squeeze word info fei-ŋi to squeeze (something) with the hand. Note: metathesis of vowels 15  
71 to stab, pierce ttow to spear something, stab something, give one an injection 13  
52 to stand úú-(tá) stand up 2  
73 to steal mʷósho to steal/be wild/rascally/untamed (of animals) 9  
73 to steal púraf to steal 8  
73 to steal piraf to steal 8  
42 to suck túút to suckle 25  
87 to swell word info bʷoo   9  
87 to swell word info bʷo   9  
87 to swell word info bʷoobʷo   9  
9 to swim áf   7  
9 to swim áfe-   7  
21 to think máŋimáŋ be thinking, thought, idea 11  
21 to think ághiyágh to think 12  
94 to throw word info akkesh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info akkásh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info ákkesh to throw 14  
94 to throw word info ashe-(y) to throw s.t. 14  
94 to throw word info ashee-(y) to throw s.t. 14  
66 to tie up, fasten féé-tagh set an anchor, tie up a boat 11  
8 to turn word info sápe- face, turn or proceed (in a direction). Has directional suffix 14  
35 to vomit mʷmʷus   1  
5 to walk fetál around 8  
5 to walk (fara)-fetál somewhere, randomly, 8  
83 to work word info      
47 to yawn (a)-móó-(l)   19  
47 to yawn móó-(l-atél)   19  
32 tongue      
31 tooth ŋii   30  
31 tooth ŋii-(l)   30  
207 Twenty word info      
198 Two word info rúúw   1  
198 Two word info ruwa-   1  
198 Two word info ruwo-   1  
198 Two word info ruwe-   1  
138 warm word info      
122 water word info shaal water 1  
122 water word info shalú- clear liquid 1  
185 we word info ghiish incl. 1, 42  
185 we word info ay excl. 43  
141 wet tchogh be saturated, soaked, wet 12  
188 what? word info (mee)-t what? 1, 64  
188 what? word info (mee)-ta what? 1, 64  
170 when? word info (i)-lee-t   1, 24  
170 when? word info (i)-lee-ta   1, 24  
181 where? word info i-fa   3, 48  
181 where? word info iya   37  
148 white      
189 who? word info (i)-yo   9  
189 who? word info (ii)-yo   9  
159 wide      
58 wife bʷúlú-wa- spouse 10  
58 wife shóó-li-imw spouse 22  
136 wind ááŋ   1  
136 wind yááŋ   1  
136 wind yáŋi-   1  
100 wing      
55 woman/female shóó-bʷut   7  
55 woman/female liye-   6  
55 woman/female liya-   6  
127 woods/forest walúwal forest, jungle 17  
107 worm (earthworm)      
169 year      
150 yellow yóleyól light color such as cream, yellow, or tan 9  
186 you aw   36  
186 you áámi   1, 13  
186 you -ghámi   1, 13  

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