https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: Marshallese

Source/Author:  Bender et al. (2003a,b), Additions from Nikolas Willson 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:mah  Glottocode: mars1254 
Notes:  Bender, W.B., Goodenough, W.H., Jackson, F.H., Marck, J.C., Rehg, K.L., Sohn, H., Trussel, S. & Wang, J.W. (2003) Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions I & II. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Simon Greenhill  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:Micronesian:Micronesian Proper:Marshallese 
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Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand pay   8  
1 hand peyi-   8  
2 left (han)-miyiŋ left handed hand, left half of human body 13  
3 right      
4 leg/foot ney leg 63  
4 leg/foot neye-(n) leg of 63  
5 to walk yetal walk 8  
6 road/path yiyaļ   1  
6 road/path yiyyaļ   1  
7 to come      
8 to turn word info      
9 to swim haheh      
10 dirty ttōton   62  
11 dust      
12 skin kil   1  
13 back word info jakʷir shell of turtle or crab 12  
14 belly wébʷ chest 11  
14 belly wibʷe-   11  
14 belly (law)-jéy   1  
14 belly jéy   1  
14 belly (law)-jiye   1  
14 belly jiye-   1  
15 bone diy   2  
15 bone diyi-   2  
16 intestines mʷajŋal   1, 13  
17 liver yaj liver, spleen 1  
18 breast yittit breast 1  
18 breast tittit nipple 1  
18 breast yitti- teat 1  
19 shoulder hayer   1  
19 shoulder hayeray   1  
20 to know, be knowledgeable (j)-ahjéy not know, recognize, realize, distinguish 35  
20 to know, be knowledgeable kiley be familiar with, identify, notice, perceive 18  
21 to think maŋ know better, learn not to 11  
22 to fear mi-jak frighten, horror, afraid. 1  
23 blood dah   1  
23 blood ddah   1  
24 head bʷōr-   9  
25 neck (ken)wa(ha)-   18  
26 hair word info kooļ   25  
27 nose bʷawat(iy)   1, 12  
28 to breathe      
29 to sniff, smell (ya)-teŋʷ to smell (something). 11  
30 mouth      
31 tooth ŋiy   30  
32 tongue lew   17  
32 tongue lewe-   17  
33 to laugh réyréy to laugh 9  
33 to laugh kajji-réyréy to laugh at/ridicule 9  
34 to cry jaŋ cry 1  
34 to cry jaŋi-t cry for (someone) 1  
35 to vomit mʷmʷéj   1  
36 to spit      
37 to eat mʷeŋay to eat food 8  
37 to eat kaŋ eat something 1  
38 to chew word info      
39 to cook word info mat cooked 19, 82  
40 to drink ni-me- (ones) thing to drink; reflex of PMic *nima 'drinkable object, with possessive classifier' 1, 59  
40 to drink li-me- (ones) thing to drink 1, 59  
41 to bite kik bite 9  
41 to bite kki-j bite 9  
41 to bite ki-jiy bite something 9  
42 to suck niŋniŋ   87  
43 ear (law-)jilŋ(iy) ear 1  
44 to hear reŋʷ   1  
45 eye maj   1  
45 eye meja-   1  
46 to see llew see/detect/find 14  
46 to see lew-(ey) see something 14  
47 to yawn      
48 to sleep majirʷ   1  
49 to lie down word info bʷahbʷiw      
50 to dream tteņa-k to dream 9  
51 to sit jiyjōt   143  
52 to stand jiw-(tak) stand up 2  
53 person/human being harméj   67, 70  
54 man/male mʷmʷahan man, male, wifes brother 1  
55 woman/female liye- female, woman (with dem. suf.) 6  
56 child hajriy child 7, 84  
56 child naji- kid 5  
56 child néji- kid 5  
56 child (ha)-jriy toddler 7, 84  
57 husband paleye- spouse 16  
57 husband riyi spouse    
58 wife paleye- spouse 10  
58 wife riyi spouse    
59 mother jine-   1  
60 father jema-   1  
61 house yémʷ   1, 48  
61 house yimʷe-   1, 48  
61 house mʷe-(n)   1  
62 thatch/roof haj thatch 1  
63 name yat   1, 18  
64 to say bʷah   13  
65 rope jaljél roll up or coil, jaliy 1  
66 to tie up, fasten yawyéw bind 11  
66 to tie up, fasten pawpéw lash; Bender et al. (2003) suggest that this form is an ancient doublet with yawyew. 11  
67 to sew word info      
68 needle      
69 to hunt word info      
70 to shoot word info      
71 to stab, pierce      
72 to hit word info      
73 to steal kawat   24  
74 to kill mʷanmʷan   90  
75 to die, be dead méj   1  
76 to live, be alive méwir live, life, existence, alive, cured 1, 76  
77 to scratch word info kar (?) scratch 12  
78 to cut, hack word info jay to cut, chop 18  
79 stick/wood rah branch 2  
80 to split word info bʷel-ŋak be split open/spread legs wide open 1, 76  
81 sharp kkaŋ   14, 68  
82 dull, blunt kkébʷ   13  
83 to work word info jerbʷal   37  
84 to plant      
85 to choose (kka)-yalyél choose 1  
86 to grow word info ddek   49  
87 to swell word info bʷbʷej swollen, swell, lump 9  
88 to squeeze word info      
89 to hold word info      
90 to dig ttéw   8  
90 to dig tiwij(iy)   8  
91 to buy wiyah   55  
92 to open, uncover      
93 to pound, beat word info jikʷjikʷ pound breadfruit or taro 20, 2  
93 to pound, beat word info jikʷjikʷiy pound/mash it. 20, 2  
94 to throw word info kad throw (a net) 14  
94 to throw word info kadey throw (a net) 14  
95 to fall word info      
96 dog kidiw loan from Polynesian   L
97 bird bʷahwew      
98 egg lep   82  
99 feather      
100 wing      
101 to fly      
102 rat kij-dik 'mouse; < 'rat' + 'little' 16, 66  
103 meat/flesh yitekʷ whale meat 10  
104 fat/grease      
105 tail      
106 snake      
107 worm (earthworm)      
108 louse word info kij louse, bacterium, bug, flea 1  
109 mosquito ņamʷ   1  
110 spider      
111 fish yapil a fish 26  
112 rotten word info      
113 branch word info rah branch 1  
114 leaf      
115 root wekar   2  
116 flower wit   63  
117 fruit wiwah bear much fruit or many flowers 1  
118 grass wijewej   93  
119 earth/soil bʷidej   87  
120 stone hajji-(kad) throw stones repeatedly    
121 sand ppéy sandbank 12  
121 sand piyépéy sandbank 12  
122 water word info dan   1  
122 water word info dandan   1  
123 to flow heļ flow 12  
124 sea me-tew   13  
124 sea (law)-jét   1  
125 salt      
126 lake ļam bay 8  
127 woods/forest      
128 sky laŋ sky/weather/heaven 1  
129 moon halleŋ   62  
130 star yijiw   1  
131 cloud word info kedaw cloud, rain, overcast 15  
132 fog      
133 rain wét rain 1  
133 rain wit rain 1  
133 rain witey to rain on 1  
134 thunder jewirwir   97  
135 lightning jarem   23  
136 wind haŋ   1  
137 to blow word info wiwik to blow (as wind) 15  
137 to blow word info wiwiki-(y) to blow on something 15  
138 warm word info      
139 cold word info méd cooled off (of food once hot) 1  
139 cold word info (pi)-yaw chilly 11  
139 cold word info (pi)-yawyéw cool 11  
140 dry word info meray      
141 wet tiwtiw      
142 heavy ddew   9  
143 fire kijeyek   42  
144 to burn word info      
145 smoke word info (bʷa)-hathat to smoke 2  
146 ash (wi)-pahaj fireplace, ash 7  
147 black dawal dye 8  
148 white mewij   96  
149 red bʷirehreh   96  
150 yellow yiyaļéw Loan?   L
151 green mahrewrew green 13  
151 green -mahrew blue 13  
152 small dik   81  
152 small (wi)-ddik   81  
152 small niŋ small/little/young/tiny/puny 39  
153 big ļap   10  
153 big ļapļap   10  
153 big ļļap   10  
154 short word info      
155 long word info leyelley a great distance, far 13  
156 thin word info ma-niy thin/flimsy 1  
157 thick word info mi-jel thick 3  
157 thick word info mi-jeljel thickness 3  
158 narrow      
159 wide de-(pakpak) wide/broad 11  
160 painful, sick metak painful/hurt 1  
160 painful, sick wita-mʷéy sick 14  
161 shy, ashamed      
162 old word info      
163 new kayal   52  
164 good (ye)-mʷan      
165 bad, evil nahnah   81  
166 correct, true mʷewel      
167 night bʷéŋʷ   1  
168 day rahan   6  
168 day rahani-   6  
169 year      
170 when? word info ŋaya-t   1, 24  
171 to hide word info (til)-yékyék hide, be obscured. 45  
172 to climb word info      
173 at yiy   1  
173 at yi-   1  
174 in, inside (i)-lew in 1  
174 in, inside (i)-lewah inside 1  
175 above      
176 below      
177 this yéy this 1, 18  
178 that yeņ that 1  
179 near tirʷi- next to/close to 97  
179 near (yi)-tirʷi- near/beside    
180 far ttew-(ļakʷ) distant 1  
181 where? word info yi’yah   37  
182 I ŋah   12  
183 thou kʷe- (independent prn.) 1  
183 thou kʷey (independent prn.) 1  
184 he/she yéy independent pronoun 1  
185 we word info kém excl ( eastern dialect ) 2  
185 we word info kémʷ excl ( western dialect) 2  
186 you kemiy   1, 13  
186 you kʷémʷ   1  
187 they yer   1, 70  
187 they re-   1, 70  
187 they yér   1, 70  
188 what? word info tah what?, which? 1, 52  
189 who? word info wen   45  
190 other      
191 all hawelep   72  
192 and yem and (with) 11  
192 and yim and (with) *Note metathesis. 11  
193 if yeļaŋŋey   66  
194 how? word info      
195 no, not yahabʷ no    
196 to count watwat count up/estimate by counting 10  
196 to count wate-k count up (something) 10  
196 to count bénbén arithmetic/count/audit/compute. 28  
197 One word info ji-(wen)   14  
198 Two word info riwe-   1  
199 Three word info jili-   1  
199 Three word info jili-w   1  
200 Four word info -yaŋ four (suf. to pronouns) 1, 67  
201 Five word info lima-   1  
201 Five word info (ļa)-lém   1  
202 Six word info jiljinew      
203 Seven word info jiljilimjiwen      
204 Eight word info (ri)-wali-(yték)   3  
205 Nine word info riwahtimjiwen      
206 Ten word info (je)-ŋwéwil   5  
207 Twenty word info rʷeŋewil      
208 Fifty word info lém-ŋéwil   1  
209 One Hundred word info (ji)-bwikwiy   20, 36  
210 One Thousand word info      

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