Language: Phan Rang Cham (Eastern Cham)
Source/Author: | Various sources, Moussay 1971, Thurgood 1999 | |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:cjm Glottocode: east2563 | |
Notes: | The original orthographies have been standardized (see Appendix in Thurgood 1999). The records are old and varied. Moussay, Gerard (1971). Dictionnaire Cam-Vietnamien-Français. Phan Rang: Centre Culturel Cam. Thurgood, G. (1999) From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. | |
Problems: | The orthography used below both ignores vowel length and uses b, d, g to indicate a slightly breathy following vowel, rather than a voiced consonant | |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Graham Thurgood Checked By: | |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Chamic:Coastal:Cham | |
Map |
Resources:
- Ethnologue Information for cjm
- OLAC Information for cjm
- World Atlas of Language Structures Information for cme
- Zheng Yiqing. 1997. Huihui Yu Yanjiu [A Study of Cham]. Shanghai Yuandong Chuban She [Shanghai Far East Publishers].
- Thurgood, Graham. 1999. From Ancient Cham to modern dialects: Two thousand years of language contact and change. With an appendix of Chamic reconstructions and loanwords. Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications, no. 28. June 1999, 6 x 9. ISBN: 0-8248-2131-9. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. 403pp.
- Graham Thurgood, Fengxiang Li, and Ela Thurgood. [in final stages of writing] The Cham of Hainan: a study of linguistic restructuring and change under intense contact, based on the work of Zheng Yiqing and Ouyang Jueya.
- Graham Thurgood's Homepage
- [Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 2 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updating Classification to Match Ethnologue 16. From: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Achinese-Chamic, Chamic, South, Coastal, Cham-Chru To: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayo-Sumbawan, North and East, Chamic, Coastal, Cham - Simon Greenhill (2009-07-23 03:31:54)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2008-04-14 11:08:34)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | to breathe | ||||
47 | to yawn | ||||
58 | wife | ||||
74 | to kill | ||||
82 | dull, blunt | ||||
94 | to throw | ||||
157 | thick | ||||
181 | where? | ||||
194 | how? | ||||
201 | Five | ||||
202 | Six | ||||
203 | Seven | ||||
204 | Eight | ||||
205 | Nine | ||||
206 | Ten | ||||
207 | Twenty | ||||
208 | Fifty | ||||
209 | One Hundred | ||||
210 | One Thousand | ||||
191 | all | abih | 9 | ||
24 | head | akauk | 1 | ||
176 | below | ala | 46 | ||
55 | woman/female | amɛʔ | 126 | ||
60 | father | amɨ | 1? | ||
56 | child | anɨʔ | 1 | ||
89 | to hold | apan | |||
143 | fire | apuy | 1 | ||
171 | to hide | asadap | |||
145 | smoke | asak | 49 | ||
103 | meat/flesh | asar | |||
96 | dog | asuw | 1 | ||
155 | long | atah | 38 | ||
175 | above | atah | 1 | ||
180 | far | atauh | 33 | ||
72 | to hit | atauŋ | |||
35 | to vomit | auk | x | ||
137 | to blow | ayuk | 1 | ||
63 | name | aŋan | 1 | ||
136 | wind | aŋin | 1 | ||
163 | new | barahuw | 1 | ||
163 | new | baruw | 1 | ||
141 | wet | basah | 1 | ||
120 | stone | batuw | 1 | ||
98 | egg | bauh | |||
117 | fruit | bauh | 1 | ||
164 | good | biak | 33 | ||
154 | short | bier | |||
19 | shoulder | bira | 17? | 1 | |
130 | star | bituk | 29 | ||
116 | flower | biŋu | 1? | ||
80 | to split | blah | 1 | ||
91 | to buy | blɛy | 1 | ||
87 | to swell | bok | |||
83 | to work | bruk | |||
112 | rotten | bruk | 1 | ||
129 | moon | bulan | 1 | ||
99 | feather | buluw | 1 | ||
36 | to spit | chanuʔ | |||
121 | sand | cuah | 32 | ||
144 | to burn | cuh | 30 | ||
32 | tongue | dalah | 4 | ||
174 | in, inside | dalam | 1 | ||
126 | lake | danaw | 1 | ||
23 | blood | darah | 1 | ||
51 | to sit | dauk | 35 | ||
113 | branch | dhan | 1 | ||
11 | dust | dhur | Mon-Khmer | 34 | |
173 | at | di | 20 | ||
198 | Two | dua | 1 | ||
110 | spider | galimɨŋ | |||
190 | other | gan | 45 | ||
158 | narrow | ganik | 33 | ||
131 | cloud | ganəm | 59 | ||
77 | to scratch | gatəl | an itch | 37 | |
185 | we | gita | 1 | ||
134 | thunder | grum | 39 | ||
146 | ash | habuw | 1 | ||
76 | to live, be alive | hadiəp | 1 | ||
188 | what? | hagait | 19 | ||
160 | painful, sick | hakik | 1 | ||
114 | leaf | hala | Mon-Khmer loan | 61 | L |
189 | who? | halay | |||
71 | to stab, pierce | haluh | |||
81 | sharp | haluək | 37 | ||
44 | to hear | hamit | borrowed | L | |
3 | right | hanuk | borrowing | L | |
17 | liver | hatai | 1 | ||
127 | woods/forest | hatan | |||
193 | if | hay | |||
29 | to sniff, smell | hañah | "nasal mucus"? PMP: *hiŋus | 90 | |
34 | to cry | hia | 18 | ||
151 | green | hijaw | 25 | ||
147 | black | hitam | 1 | ||
37 | to eat | huak | both borrowed from Mon-Khmer; both reconstruct to Proto-Chamic | 19 | |
133 | rain | hujan | 1 | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | hulak | 36 | ||
168 | day | huray | 17 | ||
132 | fog | huəl | 31 | ||
22 | to fear | hɔch | borrowing | L | |
183 | thou | hɨ | 12 | ||
186 | you | hɨ | |||
122 | water | ia | 23 | ||
111 | fish | ikan | 1 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | ikaʔ | 1 | ||
105 | tail | iku | 1 | ||
59 | mother | inɨ | 1 | ||
185 | we | ita | 1 | ||
2 | left | iw | Mon-Khmer borrowing | L | |
179 | near | jaik | 69 | ||
6 | road/path | jalan | 1 | ||
109 | mosquito | jamauk | 1 | ||
68 | needle | jarum | 1 | ||
165 | bad, evil | jhak | 1 | ||
67 | to sew | jhik | 2 | ||
195 | no, not | ka...o | |||
41 | to bite | kaik | |||
12 | skin | kalik | 1 | ||
90 | to dig | kalɛy | 1 | ||
135 | lightning | katal | |||
108 | louse | katuw | 1 | ||
24 | head | kauk | 1 | ||
182 | I | kaw | 1 | ||
79 | stick/wood | kayuw | 1 | ||
150 | yellow | kañik | 1? | ||
73 | to steal | klaik | |||
33 | to laugh | klaw | |||
199 | Three | klaw | 1 | ||
53 | person/human being | lakɛy | |||
104 | fat/grease | lamɨk | 24 | ||
156 | thin | lawaŋ | 19 | ||
64 | to say | layʔ | Mon-Khmer loan but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | ||
128 | sky | laŋik | 1 | ||
139 | cold | lian | 55 | ||
95 | to fall | libuh | |||
50 | to dream | lipei | 1 | ||
9 | to swim | luai | ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | 29 | |
119 | earth/soil | lən | |||
7 | to come | mai | arrive | 1 | |
161 | shy, ashamed | maluw | 20 | ||
42 | to suck | mum | irregular vowel | ||
167 | night | mɨləm | 20 | ||
38 | to chew | mɨmɨh | 1 | ||
97 | bird | mɨnuk | 1 | ||
7 | to come | mɨrai | come | 1? | |
149 | red | mɨriah | 1 | ||
45 | eye | mɨta | 1 | ||
75 | to die, be dead | mɨtay | 1 | ||
40 | to drink | mɨñum | 1 | ||
178 | that | nan | 1 | ||
5 | to walk | nau | 2 | ||
177 | this | ni | 1 | ||
30 | mouth | pabah | 1 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | pabuŋ | 6 | ||
200 | Four | pak | 1 | ||
84 | to plant | pala | 25 | ||
70 | to shoot | panɨh | 1 | ||
57 | husband | pasaŋ | 41 | ||
148 | white | patih | 1 | ||
138 | warm | paʔdaw | Mon-Khmer but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | 53 | |
153 | big | prauŋ | 34 | ||
16 | intestines | pruəc | ultimately Mon-Khmer but reconstructs to PChamic | 23 | |
92 | to open, uncover | pəh | |||
101 | to fly | pər | loan from AA (Thurgood) | L | |
13 | back | rauŋ | length irregular | ||
153 | big | raya | 1 | ||
85 | to choose | ruah | |||
61 | house | ruməh | 1 | ||
118 | grass | rək | 55 | ||
127 | woods/forest | rəm-glay | 42 | ||
197 | One | sa | 1 | ||
21 | to think | sanɨŋ | initial irregular | 32 | |
125 | salt | sara | 1 | ||
31 | tooth | tagei | 17 | ||
52 | to stand | tagok | ultimately Mon-Khmer but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | ||
162 | old | taha | 1 | ||
78 | to cut, hack | tak | 3 | ||
4 | leg/foot | takai | 1 | ||
25 | neck | takuai | ultimately borrowed from Mon-Khmer but reconstructs to PChamic | 55 | |
102 | rat | takuh | 22 | ||
15 | bone | talaŋ | 1 | ||
65 | rope | talɛy | 1 | ||
86 | to grow | tamuh | 1 | ||
54 | man/male | tanauw | |||
119 | earth/soil | tanɨh | 1 | ||
39 | to cook | tanɨk | 1 | ||
88 | to squeeze | tapik | |||
124 | sea | tasiʔ | 1 | ||
10 | dirty | tasəp | borrowing | L | |
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | tathuw | 1 | ||
18 | breast | tatʰɔw | 1 | ||
43 | ear | taŋi | 1 | ||
1 | hand | taŋin | 18 | ||
93 | to pound, beat | thauk | |||
100 | wing | thiap | 26 | ||
140 | dry | thu | 41 | ||
169 | year | thun | 1 | ||
14 | belly | tian | 1 | ||
69 | to hunt | tiap | |||
142 | heavy | trak | 25 | ||
170 | when? | təl | arrive, when | ||
152 | small | udar | |||
115 | root | ugha | 2 | ||
106 | snake | ula | 2 | ||
190 | other | uraŋ | 'person' | ||
8 | to turn | waih | borrowing | L | |
193 | if | yah | |||
196 | to count | yap | 2 | ||
184 | he/she | ñu | 1? | ||
187 | they | ñu | 15 | ||
192 | and | ŋan | 64 | ||
27 | nose | ʔbauk | ultimately of Mon-Khmer origin but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | ||
159 | wide | ʔblak | |||
46 | to see | ʔboh | borrowed | L | |
26 | hair | ʔbuk | reconstructs to Proto-Chamic but the initial makes it clear that it is borrowed | 1 | |
37 | to eat | ʔbəŋ | both borrowed from Mon-Khmer; both reconstruct to Proto-Chamic | L | |
48 | to sleep | ʔdih | ultimately borrowed from Mon-Khmer but reconstructs to Proto-Chamic | 29 | |
49 | to lie down | ʔdih | = to sleep, lie down | 27 | |
172 | to climb | ʔdik | |||
123 | to flow | ʔduəc | 35 | ||
166 | correct, true | ʔjəp |