Language: S.W. Palawano
Source/Author: | Bill Davis | |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:plv Glottocode: sout2916 | |
Notes: | (Author is translator with New Tribes Mission, working among SWP since 1982) I will use our orthography, since it is a simple sound system. We do not write the final glottal but I will use an apostrophe for that and for intervocalic glottal; voiceless stops are unaspirated; <ng> represents the velar nasal phoneme; <l> is high-tongued; <r> is flapped; stress is penultimate unless I say "final" in the author annotation column; there are 4 vowel phonemes (i: high front, a: low central; a slightly rounded mid vowel further back than a schwa but not quite "open o" of 'caught.' for which we use the letter <e>; and a high back rounded. We use both <o> and <u> in the orthography as a bridge to reading Tagalog... there is non-phonemic range of sound which corresponds somewhat to the rules of the orthography (last vowel of word: write as <o>, double is <oo>, otherwise, <u>. | |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Bill Davis Checked By: | |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Philippine:Greater Central Philippine:Palawanic | |
Map |
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 8 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed #130893 from "kew", "clitic (kaw in some areas)", "s", "" (Word 65535) - Laurie Reid (2016-07-24 19:23:24)
- Updating Classification to Match Ethnologue 16. From: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Meso Philippine, Palawano To: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Philippine, Greater Central Philippine, Palawanic - Simon Greenhill (2009-07-23 03:36:51)
- Changed from "melangkew" = "tall" (Word 105) - Simon Greenhill (2008-09-02 01:16:51)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
126 | lake | - | they have no lakes; "Sea of Galilee" has been called dagat-dagatan" but this is contrived | x | |
146 | ash | abo | 1 | ||
51 | to sit | adong | 47 | ||
182 | I | ako | (final); free nominative; | 1, 5 | |
60 | father | ama' | (final) | 1, 18 | |
143 | fire | apoy | 1 | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | arek | 1 | ||
125 | salt | asin | (final) | 3 | |
17 | liver | atey | 1 | ||
7 | to come | ato' | literally "here/come here" | ||
173 | at | atot | "at (near)" | ||
193 | if | ba' | 20 | ||
30 | mouth | baba' | mouth opening | 1 | |
87 | to swell | baga' | 1 | ||
163 | new | bago | 1, 54 | ||
94 | to throw | bakal | 97 | ||
166 | correct, true | banar | "true" (final) | 1 | |
141 | wet | basa' | (some say mebasa' but most call that a Tagalogism) | 1 | |
120 | stone | bato | 1 | ||
97 | bird | begit | 63 | ||
80 | to split | bela' | (split solid object) | ||
102 | rat | belab | (final) …generic | ||
127 | woods/forest | bengley | second growth | ||
61 | house | benwa | |||
14 | belly | berebewang | (final) is lower abdomen | ||
64 | to say | beres | |||
14 | belly | beteng | stomach (internal) and upper belly (outer) | 49 | |
76 | to live, be alive | biag | (final) | 15 | |
31 | tooth | bigang | molar | ||
46 | to see | biri' | |||
130 | star | bituen | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | 1 | |
16 | intestines | bituka | large intestine | 21 | |
192 | and | bo' | |||
117 | fruit | bua' | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | 1 | |
26 | hair | buek | (final) (no glottal between in most subdialects) | 1, 65 | |
129 | moon | bulan | (final) | 1 | |
99 | feather | bulbol | (also = fur, body hair) | 1, 67 | |
49 | to lie down | buntol | |||
116 | flower | burak-burak | (final) | 22 | |
123 | to flow | burbor | |||
112 | rotten | burok | (final) | 1, 102 | |
124 | sea | dagat | (at the beach, the sea is "dagat") | 25 | |
68 | needle | dagom | 1 | ||
6 | road/path | dalan | (final) | 1 | |
122 | water | danom | 1 | ||
95 | to fall | degdag | 56 | ||
144 | to burn | deket | intransitive "to burn" | ||
86 | to grow | dekla' | |||
144 | to burn | dektan | intransitive "to burn" (final) | ||
133 | rain | delek | (final) | ||
114 | leaf | deon | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | 1 | |
136 | wind | deres | (final) | 82 | |
195 | no, not | diki | if "I did NOT shoot the pig" | 1, 44 | |
32 | tongue | dila' | 4 | ||
187 | they | diye | |||
173 | at | doot | "at (far)" | 39 | |
198 | Two | dua | (final) | 1 | |
207 | Twenty | duang pulo' | (final) | 3, 6 | |
18 | breast | dudo' | 15 | ||
23 | blood | dugo' | (final) | 16 | |
134 | thunder | duldog | (final) | 2, 68 | |
95 | to fall | dumegdag | (final, 2-place intransitive) | 56 | |
86 | to grow | dumekla' | (final) | ||
137 | to blow | dumres | a. (final) | 48 | |
19 | shoulder | ebaga | 1 | ||
27 | nose | edong | 1 | ||
121 | sand | egis | |||
100 | wing | elad | (final) | 23 | |
168 | day | eldew | (final) | 1 | |
91 | to buy | elen | |||
11 | dust | elikabok | 1, 48 | ||
1 | hand | elima | (final) | 1 | |
181 | where? | embe | (final) | 2, 70 | |
202 | Six | enem | 1 | ||
188 | what? | eno | 2, 65 | ||
194 | how? | enukuan | (final); no glottal | ||
200 | Four | epat | 1 | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | erkan | (final) | 1 | |
57 | husband | esawa | 2 | ||
58 | wife | esawa | 1 | ||
57 | husband | esawa na' lelaki | (to be specific) | 2 | |
58 | wife | esawa na' libon | (to be specific) | 1 | |
173 | at | eset | "at (general not too far)" | ||
115 | root | gamot | 3 | ||
127 | woods/forest | geba' | virgin forest | 104 | |
167 | night | gebi | (final) | 21, 90 | |
167 | night | gebii | rare (final) | 21, 90 | |
2 | left | gibang | 24 | ||
28 | to breathe | ginawa | 1, 70 | ||
191 | all | ginsan | |||
132 | fog | habong | |||
190 | other | iba | "other, another," or "different" (final) | 12 | |
36 | to spit | ibeg | 47 | ||
152 | small | ibon-ibon | more generic | 127 | |
96 | dog | ideng | (final) | ||
48 | to sleep | iga' | 99 | ||
183 | thou | ikew | (final) free | 1 | |
39 | to cook | iluto' | 20 | ||
74 | to kill | imatey | 2 | ||
131 | cloud | inarak | |||
59 | mother | indo' | (final) | 16 | |
172 | to climb | ineik | a. | 1 | |
40 | to drink | inom | 1 | ||
140 | dry | ipetoog | (final) to dry s.t. | ||
105 | tail | ipos | 30 | ||
197 | One | isa' | (final), (not as modifier… that is seng- a bound form) | 1 | |
8 | to turn | isi' | (final); literally "to take" | ||
177 | this | ito' | (final) this is basic form, has 4 forms each of this/that/that, 4 each of here/there/there, and 4 each of "this way/that way/that way" | 10 | |
196 | to count | itong | (also hear bilang) | 31 | |
37 | to eat | kaan | (final) | 1 | |
41 | to bite | kagat | 1 | ||
90 | to dig | kali | 1 | ||
185 | we | kami | free | 2, 51 | |
185 | we | kay | clitic | 2, 51 | |
79 | stick/wood | kayo | 1 | ||
183 | thou | ke | clitic | 1, 29 | |
153 | big | kela' | note above under "grow larger": dekla' is root for verb form with -um-, plural adjective mededekra' (final) | ||
110 | spider | kelelawa' | (final) | 1 | |
186 | you | kemuyo | free | 1, 13 | |
170 | when? | kengiran | if in past (final) | 1, 11 | |
118 | grass | kenit-kenit | lawn-type grass in general | ||
89 | to hold | kepet | 25 | ||
83 | to work | keradya | (most generic for "work") | 108 | |
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | keseudan | tenseless "know" (final) with genitive agent | ||
33 | to laugh | kesit | (most basic of many words) | ||
35 | to vomit | kesuda | |||
186 | you | kew | clitic (kaw in some areas) | ||
3 | right | kewanan | 1, 62 | ||
135 | lightning | kilat | 1 | ||
44 | to hear | kingeg | 1, 65 | ||
182 | I | ko | both clitic nominative and genitive | x | |
12 | skin | kulit | 1 | ||
37 | to eat | kumaan | (final) = eat something | 1 | |
41 | to bite | kumagat | (irrealis) | 1 | |
44 | to hear | kumingeg | (final) | 1, 65 | |
89 | to hold | kumpet | (final) | 25 | |
33 | to laugh | kumsit | (irrealis) | ||
77 | to scratch | kumutkot | (final) | 21 | |
109 | mosquito | kuramot | |||
77 | to scratch | kutkot | 21 | ||
108 | louse | kuto | 1 | ||
128 | sky | langit | 1 | ||
9 | to swim | langoy | 1 | ||
73 | to steal | laog | (to rob face-to-face) | ||
124 | sea | lawed | (while inland the sea and seashore are "lawed") | 6 | |
190 | other | le'in | "other, another," or "different" | 2 | |
93 | to pound, beat | lebek | 14 | ||
54 | man/male | lelaki | 2, 99 | ||
128 | sky | lengew-legnew | (final) | ||
101 | to fly | lepad | 21 | ||
55 | woman/female | libon | 17 | ||
25 | neck | lieg | (final) (no glottal) | 1 | |
13 | back | likod | (final) | 1 | |
201 | Five | lima | (final) | 1 | |
72 | to hit | lipak | |||
208 | Fifty | llimang pulo' | (final) | 1, 2 | |
84 | to plant | luak | 26 | ||
119 | earth/soil | lugta' | 25, 83 | ||
9 | to swim | lumangoy | 1 | ||
72 | to hit | lumipak | (final) | ||
101 | to fly | lumpad | (final) | 21 | |
84 | to plant | lumuak | (final, plant item) | 26 | |
107 | worm (earthworm) | lungati | 1, 75 | ||
51 | to sit | madong | (irrealis) | 47 | |
87 | to swell | maga' | (irrealis) | 1 | |
5 | to walk | manew | irrealis | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | marek | (irrealis) | 1 | |
45 | eye | mata | (final) | 1 | |
75 | to die, be dead | matey | mimatey | 1 | |
7 | to come | mato' | irrealis | ||
157 | thick | measlag | (final), for rope etc | ||
154 | short | mebaba' | same for both a./b. | 54 | |
142 | heavy | mebegat | (final) | 1 | |
46 | to see | mebiri' | (irrealis) | ||
46 | to see | mebiri' | look at (intentional) | ||
159 | wide | mebkang | (final) | ||
112 | rotten | meburok | (final) | 1, 102 | |
95 | to fall | medegdag | (final, 1-place intransitive) | 56 | |
39 | to cook | meg'iluto' | (irrealis) | 20 | |
82 | dull, blunt | megaddel | 40, 27 | ||
94 | to throw | megbakal | (final) | 97 | |
94 | to throw | megbakal | (final) | 97 | |
80 | to split | megbela' | (rare), (irrealis) | ||
76 | to live, be alive | megbiag | 15 | ||
28 | to breathe | megginawa | (irrealis) | 1, 70 | |
90 | to dig | megkali | (irrealis) | 1 | |
83 | to work | megkeradya | (irrealis) | 108 | |
9 | to swim | meglangoy | 1 | ||
161 | shy, ashamed | megleo | |||
72 | to hit | meglipak | (final) | ||
70 | to shoot | megpana' | (but we don't have arrows… this would be a small spear gun for crayfish), (irrealis) | 1 | |
88 | to squeeze | megpega | (irrealis, rare in AF) | 1, 37 | |
38 | to chew | megsepa' | (irrealis) | 17 | |
42 | to suck | megsepsep | (final) | 1 | |
162 | old | megurang | (final) | 21 | |
47 | to yawn | megwab | (irrealis) | 19 | |
138 | warm | meinit | hot | 23 | |
138 | warm | meinit-init | warm | 23 | |
147 | black | meitem | (final) | 1 | |
179 | near | mekabi' | |||
157 | thick | mekapal | (final) = flat objects | 1 | |
158 | narrow | mekitib | (final) = thin object | ||
158 | narrow | mekpit | narrow space between (final) | ||
150 | yellow | mekunit | 1 | ||
159 | wide | melawak | wide space between | 1, 64 | |
155 | long | melembo' | 94 | ||
91 | to buy | melen | (final) | ||
161 | shy, ashamed | meleo | if incidental rather than personality trait | ||
151 | green | melunew | (also = blue) | 33 | |
21 | to think | memikir | (irrealis) | 22 | |
85 | to choose | memili' | (irrealis) | 1 | |
56 | child | memulek | (final) | ||
73 | to steal | menakew | (irrealis) | 1 | |
50 | to dream | meneginep | (final) | 30 | |
37 | to eat | mengaan | (final) = eat meal | 1 | |
74 | to kill | mengimatey | (with no object=suicide) | 2 | |
93 | to pound, beat | menglebek | (final) | 14 | |
84 | to plant | mengluak | (final, plant many things) | 26 | |
77 | to scratch | mengutkot | (final) | 21 | |
156 | thin | menipis | this = flat object | 1 | |
69 | to hunt | menubok | (final) | ||
164 | good | menunga | (final) | ||
154 | short | mepandak | (final) for short people | ||
149 | red | mepula | (final) | 28 | |
148 | white | meputi' | (final) | 1 | |
165 | bad, evil | meraat | var. (final) | 1 | |
139 | cold | meramig | (final) = cold | 22 | |
139 | cold | meramig-ramig | "cool" | 22 | |
180 | far | merayo' | 1 | ||
64 | to say | meres | (irrealis) | ||
10 | dirty | meridi' | |||
152 | small | merinek | for tiny particle objects | ||
156 | thin | merinek | for rope etc. (final) | ||
160 | painful, sick | mesakit | 1 | ||
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | meseudan | (final) | ||
81 | sharp | metarem | 1 | ||
165 | bad, evil | meyaat | (final) | 88 | |
36 | to spit | mibeg | (final) | 47 | |
48 | to sleep | miga' | (final) | 99 | |
74 | to kill | mimatey | mimatey | 2 | |
172 | to climb | mineik | climb ladder/tree | 1 | |
40 | to drink | minom | (final) | 1 | |
8 | to turn | misi' et debdeb | "go straight" (chest) (irrealis) | ||
8 | to turn | misi' et gibang | "turn left" (irrealis) | ||
8 | to turn | misi' et kewanan | "turn right" (irrealis) | ||
30 | mouth | munong | lips | ||
123 | to flow | murbor | (irrealis) | ||
63 | name | ngaran | 1 | ||
170 | when? | ngiran | (final) | 1, 24 | |
31 | tooth | nipen | tooth | 1 | |
70 | to shoot | pana' | 1 | ||
5 | to walk | panew | root; with -um- | 2 | |
75 | to die, be dead | patey | 1, 35 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | pawed | thatch | ||
51 | to sit | peadong | (irrealis) | 47 | |
49 | to lie down | pebuntol | (final) | ||
88 | to squeeze | pega | 1, 37 | ||
44 | to hear | pekingeg | (final) | 1, 65 | |
171 | to hide | petago' | 13 | ||
21 | to think | pikir | 22 | ||
85 | to choose | pili' | 1 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | pinawed | thatch | ||
80 | to split | randang | if long | ||
80 | to split | ridis | spilt a second time | ||
195 | no, not | sala' | (final) if not identity; as in that's not a pig | ||
113 | branch | sanga | 2 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | sapew | (final) = roof, | 15 | |
84 | to plant | sasad | plant rice (final) | ||
111 | fish | seda' | 18 | ||
71 | to stab, pierce | seksak | 68 | ||
174 | in, inside | seled | "inside" | 14 | |
106 | snake | seli | |||
209 | One Hundred | senggatos | gatos is root used in pireng gatos ("how many hundred?") but not as modifier | 4 | |
206 | Ten | sengpulo' | (final); here's the seng- this is "ten" as modifer, in rare instances you might hear pulo' alone to mean abstract "ten" or "there were ten(s) of something" | 5 | |
210 | One Thousand | sengribo | ribo is root used in pireng ribo ("how many thousand?") but not as modifier | 5 | |
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | seod | (final) (no glottal between); as verb "to learn" | x | |
38 | to chew | sepa' | 17 | ||
42 | to suck | sepsep | 1 | ||
34 | to cry | siak | (final) (no glottal) | ||
205 | Nine | siam | (final) | 9 | |
65 | rope | siget | s/t to tie with | 77 | |
66 | to tie up, fasten | siget | 1 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | sigtan | Dir. Focus. | ||
189 | who? | sino | (some areas si'no) | 14, 47 | |
176 | below | sirib | (under object) if under a house (which is on stilts) | 27 | |
176 | below | sirong | under shade of tree/eave etc | 35, 78 | |
69 | to hunt | subok | (most generic of many terms) | ||
166 | correct, true | sugat | "correct" (final) | ||
35 | to vomit | suka | 9 | ||
71 | to stab, pierce | sumeksak | (final) | 68 | |
34 | to cry | sumiak | (final) | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | sumiget | (irrealis) | ||
35 | to vomit | sumuka | 9 | ||
53 | person/human being | taaw | (final) | 1 | |
104 | fat/grease | taba' | (final) | 23 | |
145 | smoke | tabok | 30 | ||
171 | to hide | tago' | 13 | ||
73 | to steal | takew | 1 | ||
22 | to fear | takot | 1 | ||
65 | rope | tali | rope | 1 | |
127 | woods/forest | talon | 30 | ||
191 | all | tanan | 24 | ||
31 | tooth | tango | eye tooth | ||
169 | year | te'on | (final) | 1 | |
50 | to dream | teginep | 30 | ||
109 | mosquito | tegnek | other type (final) | 27 | |
67 | to sew | tehi' | 1 | ||
43 | ear | telinga | (final) | 1 | |
199 | Three | telo | 1 | ||
137 | to blow | tepig | b. (final) | ||
137 | to blow | tepiog | b. (final) | ||
52 | to stand | teyeg | |||
78 | to cut, hack | tigbas | = chop with machete or ax | 106 | |
4 | leg/foot | tiked | (final) | ||
98 | egg | tilog | 1, 76 | ||
175 | above | timbew | top surface or above the surface | 2, 20 | |
172 | to climb | tindal | (final) for ladder | ||
16 | intestines | tine'i | small intestine | 1 | |
140 | dry | toog | a. & b. | ||
92 | to open, uncover | tukas | |||
15 | bone | tulang | 1 | ||
22 | to fear | tumakot | (irrealis) | 1 | |
67 | to sew | tumehi' | (irrealis) | 1 | |
137 | to blow | tumepig | b. (final) | ||
137 | to blow | tumepiog | b. (final) | ||
78 | to cut, hack | tumigbas | (final) | ||
172 | to climb | tumindal | (final) "go up stairs" | ||
140 | dry | tumoog | b. | ||
92 | to open, uncover | tumukas | = open lid (final) | ||
172 | to climb | tumungol | (final) | ||
144 | to burn | tumutong | (final) set fire to s.t. | 1, 94 | |
52 | to stand | tumyeg | (final) | ||
172 | to climb | tungol | b. (final) | ||
203 | Seven | turo' | (final) | ||
144 | to burn | tutong | (act of burning something) | 1, 94 | |
24 | head | ulo | 1 | ||
103 | meat/flesh | uned | (final) | 27 | |
47 | to yawn | wab | 19 | ||
204 | Eight | walo | 3 | ||
184 | he/she | ya | 1 | ||
178 | that | yatin | (most common and inuitive… see annotation for "this") | 55 |