https://abvd.eva.mpg.de : Austronesian : Crows : Bantu :

Language: S.W. Palawano

Source/Author:  Bill Davis 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:plv  Glottocode: sout2916 
Notes:  (Author is translator with New Tribes Mission, working among SWP since 1982)

I will use our orthography, since it is a simple sound system. We do not write the final glottal but I will use an apostrophe for that and for intervocalic glottal; voiceless stops are unaspirated; <ng> represents the velar nasal phoneme; <l> is high-tongued; <r> is flapped; stress is penultimate unless I say "final" in the author annotation column; there are 4 vowel phonemes (i: high front, a: low central; a slightly rounded mid vowel further back than a schwa but not quite "open o" of 'caught.' for which we use the letter <e>; and a high back rounded. We use both <o> and <u> in the orthography as a bridge to reading Tagalog... there is non-phonemic range of sound which corresponds somewhat to the rules of the orthography (last vowel of word: write as <o>, double is <oo>, otherwise, <u>. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Bill Davis  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Philippine:Greater Central Philippine:Palawanic 
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Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
175 above timbew top surface or above the surface 2, 20  
191 all tanan   24  
191 all ginsan      
192 and bo'      
146 ash abo   1  
173 at atot "at (near)"    
173 at eset "at (general not too far)"    
173 at doot "at (far)" 39  
13 back word info likod (final) 1  
165 bad, evil meyaat (final) 88  
165 bad, evil meraat var. (final) 1  
14 belly berebewang (final) is lower abdomen    
14 belly beteng stomach (internal) and upper belly (outer) 49  
176 below sirib (under object) if under a house (which is on stilts) 27  
176 below sirong under shade of tree/eave etc 35, 78  
153 big kela' note above under "grow larger": dekla' is root for verb form with -um-, plural adjective mededekra' (final)    
97 bird begit   63  
147 black meitem (final) 1  
23 blood dugo' (final) 16  
15 bone tulang   1  
113 branch word info sanga   2  
18 breast dudo'   15  
56 child memulek (final)    
131 cloud word info inarak      
139 cold word info meramig (final) = cold 22  
139 cold word info meramig-ramig "cool" 22  
166 correct, true sugat "correct" (final)    
166 correct, true banar "true" (final) 1  
168 day eldew (final) 1  
10 dirty meridi'      
96 dog ideng (final)    
140 dry word info toog a. & b.    
140 dry word info ipetoog (final) to dry s.t.    
140 dry word info tumoog b.    
82 dull, blunt megaddel   40, 27  
11 dust elikabok   1, 48  
43 ear telinga (final) 1  
119 earth/soil lugta'   25, 83  
98 egg tilog   1, 76  
204 Eight word info walo   3  
45 eye mata (final) 1  
180 far merayo'   1  
104 fat/grease taba' (final) 23  
60 father ama' (final) 1, 18  
99 feather bulbol (also = fur, body hair) 1, 67  
208 Fifty word info llimang pulo' (final) 1, 2  
143 fire apoy   1  
111 fish seda'   18  
201 Five word info lima (final) 1  
116 flower burak-burak (final) 22  
132 fog habong      
200 Four word info epat   1  
117 fruit bua' (final) no glottal in most subdialects 1  
164 good menunga (final)    
118 grass kenit-kenit lawn-type grass in general    
151 green melunew (also = blue) 33  
26 hair word info buek (final) (no glottal between in most subdialects) 1, 65  
1 hand elima (final) 1  
184 he/she ya   1  
24 head ulo   1  
142 heavy mebegat (final) 1  
61 house benwa      
194 how? word info enukuan (final); no glottal    
57 husband esawa   2  
57 husband esawa na' lelaki (to be specific) 2  
182 I ako (final); free nominative; 1, 5  
182 I ko both clitic nominative and genitive x  
193 if ba'   20  
174 in, inside seled "inside" 14  
16 intestines tine'i small intestine 1  
16 intestines bituka large intestine 21  
126 lake - they have no lakes; "Sea of Galilee" has been called dagat-dagatan" but this is contrived x  
114 leaf deon (final) no glottal in most subdialects 1  
2 left gibang   24  
4 leg/foot tiked (final)    
135 lightning kilat   1  
17 liver atey   1  
155 long word info melembo'   94  
108 louse word info kuto   1  
54 man/male lelaki   2, 99  
103 meat/flesh uned (final) 27  
129 moon bulan (final) 1  
109 mosquito kuramot      
109 mosquito tegnek other type (final) 27  
59 mother indo' (final) 16  
30 mouth munong lips    
30 mouth baba' mouth opening 1  
63 name ngaran   1  
158 narrow mekitib (final) = thin object    
158 narrow mekpit narrow space between (final)    
179 near mekabi'      
25 neck lieg (final) (no glottal) 1  
68 needle dagom   1  
163 new bago   1, 54  
167 night gebi (final) 21, 90  
167 night gebii rare (final) 21, 90  
205 Nine word info siam (final) 9  
195 no, not diki if "I did NOT shoot the pig" 1, 44  
195 no, not sala' (final) if not identity; as in that's not a pig    
27 nose edong   1  
162 old word info megurang (final) 21  
197 One word info isa' (final), (not as modifier… that is seng- a bound form) 1  
209 One Hundred word info senggatos gatos is root used in pireng gatos ("how many hundred?") but not as modifier 4  
210 One Thousand word info sengribo ribo is root used in pireng ribo ("how many thousand?") but not as modifier 5  
190 other iba "other, another," or "different" (final) 12  
190 other le'in "other, another," or "different" 2  
160 painful, sick mesakit   1  
53 person/human being taaw (final) 1  
133 rain delek (final)    
102 rat belab (final) …generic    
149 red mepula (final) 28  
3 right kewanan   1, 62  
6 road/path dalan (final) 1  
115 root gamot   3  
65 rope tali rope 1  
65 rope siget s/t to tie with 77  
112 rotten word info burok (final) 1, 102  
112 rotten word info meburok (final) 1, 102  
125 salt asin (final) 3  
121 sand egis      
124 sea dagat (at the beach, the sea is "dagat") 25  
124 sea lawed (while inland the sea and seashore are "lawed") 6  
203 Seven word info turo' (final)    
81 sharp metarem   1  
154 short word info mebaba' same for both a./b. 54  
154 short word info mepandak (final) for short people    
19 shoulder ebaga   1  
161 shy, ashamed meleo if incidental rather than personality trait    
161 shy, ashamed megleo      
202 Six word info enem   1  
12 skin kulit   1  
128 sky langit   1  
128 sky lengew-legnew (final)    
152 small ibon-ibon more generic 127  
152 small merinek for tiny particle objects    
145 smoke word info tabok   30  
106 snake seli      
110 spider kelelawa' (final) 1  
130 star bituen (final) no glottal in most subdialects 1  
79 stick/wood kayo   1  
120 stone bato   1  
105 tail ipos   30  
206 Ten word info sengpulo' (final); here's the seng- this is "ten" as modifer, in rare instances you might hear pulo' alone to mean abstract "ten" or "there were ten(s) of something" 5  
178 that yatin (most common and inuitive… see annotation for "this") 55  
62 thatch/roof sapew (final) = roof, 15  
62 thatch/roof pawed thatch    
62 thatch/roof pinawed thatch    
187 they diye      
157 thick word info mekapal (final) = flat objects 1  
157 thick word info measlag (final), for rope etc    
156 thin word info menipis this = flat object 1  
156 thin word info merinek for rope etc. (final)    
177 this ito' (final) this is basic form, has 4 forms each of this/that/that, 4 each of here/there/there, and 4 each of "this way/that way/that way" 10  
183 thou ikew (final) free 1  
183 thou ke clitic 1, 29  
199 Three word info telo   1  
134 thunder duldog (final) 2, 68  
41 to bite kagat   1  
41 to bite kumagat (irrealis) 1  
137 to blow word info dumres a. (final) 48  
137 to blow word info tepiog b. (final)    
137 to blow word info tumepiog b. (final)    
137 to blow word info tepig b. (final)    
137 to blow word info tumepig b. (final)    
28 to breathe ginawa   1, 70  
28 to breathe megginawa (irrealis) 1, 70  
144 to burn word info tumutong (final) set fire to s.t. 1, 94  
144 to burn word info deket intransitive "to burn"    
144 to burn word info tutong (act of burning something) 1, 94  
144 to burn word info dektan intransitive "to burn" (final)    
91 to buy elen      
91 to buy melen (final)    
38 to chew word info sepa'   17  
38 to chew word info megsepa' (irrealis) 17  
85 to choose pili'   1  
85 to choose memili' (irrealis) 1  
172 to climb word info ineik a. 1  
172 to climb word info mineik climb ladder/tree 1  
172 to climb word info tindal (final) for ladder    
172 to climb word info tumindal (final) "go up stairs"    
172 to climb word info tungol b. (final)    
172 to climb word info tumungol (final)    
7 to come ato' literally "here/come here"    
7 to come mato' irrealis    
39 to cook word info iluto'   20  
39 to cook word info meg'iluto' (irrealis) 20  
196 to count itong (also hear bilang) 31  
34 to cry siak (final) (no glottal)    
34 to cry sumiak (final)    
78 to cut, hack word info tigbas = chop with machete or ax 106  
78 to cut, hack word info tumigbas (final)    
75 to die, be dead patey   1, 35  
75 to die, be dead matey mimatey 1  
90 to dig kali   1  
90 to dig megkali (irrealis) 1  
50 to dream teginep   30  
50 to dream meneginep (final) 30  
40 to drink inom   1  
40 to drink minom (final) 1  
37 to eat kumaan (final) = eat something 1  
37 to eat kaan (final) 1  
37 to eat mengaan (final) = eat meal 1  
95 to fall word info degdag   56  
95 to fall word info dumegdag (final, 2-place intransitive) 56  
95 to fall word info medegdag (final, 1-place intransitive) 56  
22 to fear takot   1  
22 to fear tumakot (irrealis) 1  
123 to flow burbor      
123 to flow murbor (irrealis)    
101 to fly lepad   21  
101 to fly lumpad (final) 21  
86 to grow word info dekla'      
86 to grow word info dumekla' (final)    
44 to hear kingeg   1, 65  
44 to hear kumingeg (final) 1, 65  
44 to hear pekingeg (final) 1, 65  
171 to hide word info tago'   13  
171 to hide word info petago'   13  
72 to hit word info lipak      
72 to hit word info lumipak (final)    
72 to hit word info meglipak (final)    
89 to hold word info kepet   25  
89 to hold word info kumpet (final) 25  
69 to hunt word info subok (most generic of many terms)    
69 to hunt word info menubok (final)    
74 to kill imatey   2  
74 to kill mengimatey (with no object=suicide) 2  
74 to kill mimatey mimatey 2  
20 to know, be knowledgeable seod (final) (no glottal between); as verb "to learn" x  
20 to know, be knowledgeable keseudan tenseless "know" (final) with genitive agent    
20 to know, be knowledgeable meseudan (final)    
33 to laugh kesit (most basic of many words)    
33 to laugh kumsit (irrealis)    
49 to lie down word info buntol      
49 to lie down word info pebuntol (final)    
76 to live, be alive biag (final) 15  
76 to live, be alive megbiag   15  
92 to open, uncover tumukas = open lid (final)    
92 to open, uncover tukas      
84 to plant luak   26  
84 to plant lumuak (final, plant item) 26  
84 to plant mengluak (final, plant many things) 26  
84 to plant sasad plant rice (final)    
93 to pound, beat word info lebek   14  
93 to pound, beat word info menglebek (final) 14  
64 to say beres      
64 to say meres (irrealis)    
77 to scratch word info kutkot   21  
77 to scratch word info kumutkot (final) 21  
77 to scratch word info mengutkot (final) 21  
46 to see mebiri' (irrealis)    
46 to see mebiri' look at (intentional)    
46 to see biri'      
67 to sew word info tehi'   1  
67 to sew word info tumehi' (irrealis) 1  
70 to shoot word info pana'   1  
70 to shoot word info megpana' (but we don't have arrows… this would be a small spear gun for crayfish), (irrealis) 1  
51 to sit adong   47  
51 to sit peadong (irrealis) 47  
51 to sit madong (irrealis) 47  
48 to sleep iga'   99  
48 to sleep miga' (final) 99  
29 to sniff, smell arek   1  
29 to sniff, smell marek (irrealis) 1  
29 to sniff, smell erkan (final) 1  
36 to spit ibeg   47  
36 to spit mibeg (final) 47  
80 to split word info randang if long    
80 to split word info bela' (split solid object)    
80 to split word info megbela' (rare), (irrealis)    
80 to split word info ridis spilt a second time    
88 to squeeze word info megpega (irrealis, rare in AF) 1, 37  
88 to squeeze word info pega   1, 37  
71 to stab, pierce seksak   68  
71 to stab, pierce sumeksak (final) 68  
52 to stand teyeg      
52 to stand tumyeg (final)    
73 to steal takew   1  
73 to steal menakew (irrealis) 1  
73 to steal laog (to rob face-to-face)    
42 to suck sepsep   1  
42 to suck megsepsep (final) 1  
87 to swell word info baga'   1  
87 to swell word info maga' (irrealis) 1  
9 to swim langoy   1  
9 to swim lumangoy   1  
9 to swim meglangoy   1  
21 to think pikir   22  
21 to think memikir (irrealis) 22  
94 to throw word info bakal   97  
94 to throw word info megbakal (final) 97  
94 to throw word info megbakal (final) 97  
66 to tie up, fasten siget   1  
66 to tie up, fasten sumiget (irrealis)    
66 to tie up, fasten sigtan Dir. Focus.    
8 to turn word info isi' (final); literally "to take"    
8 to turn word info misi' et gibang "turn left" (irrealis)    
8 to turn word info misi' et kewanan "turn right" (irrealis)    
8 to turn word info misi' et debdeb "go straight" (chest) (irrealis)    
35 to vomit suka   9  
35 to vomit sumuka   9  
35 to vomit kesuda      
5 to walk panew root; with -um- 2  
5 to walk manew irrealis    
83 to work word info keradya (most generic for "work") 108  
83 to work word info megkeradya (irrealis) 108  
47 to yawn wab   19  
47 to yawn megwab (irrealis) 19  
32 tongue dila'   4  
31 tooth nipen tooth 1  
31 tooth bigang molar    
31 tooth tango eye tooth    
207 Twenty word info duang pulo' (final) 3, 6  
198 Two word info dua (final) 1  
138 warm word info meinit hot 23  
138 warm word info meinit-init warm 23  
122 water word info danom   1  
185 we word info kami free 2, 51  
185 we word info kay clitic 2, 51  
141 wet basa' (some say mebasa' but most call that a Tagalogism) 1  
188 what? word info eno   2, 65  
170 when? word info ngiran (final) 1, 24  
170 when? word info kengiran if in past (final) 1, 11  
181 where? word info embe (final) 2, 70  
148 white meputi' (final) 1  
189 who? word info sino (some areas si'no) 14, 47  
159 wide mebkang (final)    
159 wide melawak wide space between 1, 64  
58 wife esawa   1  
58 wife esawa na' libon (to be specific) 1  
136 wind deres (final) 82  
100 wing elad (final) 23  
55 woman/female libon   17  
127 woods/forest talon   30  
127 woods/forest geba' virgin forest 104  
127 woods/forest bengley second growth    
107 worm (earthworm) lungati   1, 75  
169 year te'on (final) 1  
150 yellow mekunit   1  
186 you kemuyo free 1, 13  
186 you kew clitic (kaw in some areas)    

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