Language: Tonsea
Resources:
Change History:
Showing all of 11 entries
- Changed from "wa'ang" (Word 31) - Simon Greenhill (2025-07-29 02:59:12)
- Changed from "kuku" (Word 4) - Laurie Reid (2016-06-15 16:31:55)
- Source: Hiro Karamoy (Word 93) - Simon Greenhill (2012-09-28 05:41:08)
- Source: Fredy Luntungan (Word 210) - Simon Greenhill (2009-11-13 21:42:30)
- Updating Classification to Match Ethnologue 16.
From: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sulawesi, Minahasan, North, Northeast
To: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Philippine, Minahasan, North, Northeast - Simon Greenhill (2009-07-23 03:36:56)
- Source: Billy S.C Ticoalu (Word 108) - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-15 05:10:03)
- Source: Billy S.C Ticoalu (Word 108) - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-15 05:09:35)
- Changed from "kokoanseng" (Word 108) - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-15 05:08:50)
- Changed from "kila'mbes" (Word 10) - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-15 05:08:27)
- Source: Billy S.C Ticoalu (Word 132) - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-15 05:07:31)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2007-09-11 11:23:42)
Entries:
| ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
| 1 |
hand |
dengen |
|
|
|
| 5 |
to walk |
kumelang |
|
|
|
| 9 |
to swim |
ma'oyouw |
|
|
|
| 10 |
dirty |
rerek |
|
|
|
| 12 |
skin |
dunus |
|
|
|
| 13 |
back
|
ru'ur |
|
|
|
| 18 |
breast |
wed-wed |
chest |
|
|
| 19 |
shoulder |
paduka |
|
|
|
| 21 |
to think |
ghumenang |
to think |
|
|
| 21 |
to think |
maghenang |
thinking |
|
|
| 22 |
to fear |
ma'inde |
|
|
|
| 23 |
blood |
seding |
|
|
|
| 25 |
neck |
dee' |
|
|
|
| 29 |
to sniff, smell |
rumindek |
to breathe air in through your nose in a way that makes a sound, especially when you are crying, have a cold, etc |
|
|
| 30 |
mouth |
suma |
|
|
|
| 30 |
mouth |
semut |
|
|
|
| 33 |
to laugh |
kume'ke |
|
|
|
| 34 |
to cry |
mame' |
|
|
|
| 34 |
to cry |
ma'ame' |
|
|
|
| 38 |
to chew
|
numayo' |
|
|
|
| 38 |
to chew
|
manayo' |
|
|
|
| 43 |
ear |
dunteng |
|
|
|
| 44 |
to hear |
tumerang |
|
|
|
| 44 |
to hear |
tumadinga |
|
|
|
| 45 |
eye |
weren |
|
|
|
| 46 |
to see |
melek |
|
|
|
| 46 |
to see |
ma'elek |
|
|
|
| 49 |
to lie down
|
kumolo' |
|
|
|
| 50 |
to dream |
maupipi |
|
|
|
| 51 |
to sit |
mumpe' |
|
|
|
| 51 |
to sit |
mempo' |
|
|
|
| 52 |
to stand |
rumondor |
|
|
|
| 56 |
child |
rinte' |
|
|
|
| 57 |
husband |
ka'awu |
|
|
|
| 58 |
wife |
ka'awu |
|
|
|
| 58 |
wife |
karia |
|
|
|
| 64 |
to say |
dumakut |
|
|
|
| 64 |
to say |
tumudu |
|
|
|
| 64 |
to say |
tumarnem |
|
|
|
| 66 |
to tie up, fasten |
waduden |
|
|
|
| 67 |
to sew
|
mawilit |
|
|
|
| 69 |
to hunt
|
mapalele' |
|
|
|
| 70 |
to shoot
|
sumeput |
|
|
|
| 71 |
to stab, pierce |
rumuki |
|
|
|
| 71 |
to stab, pierce |
rumundek |
|
|
|
| 71 |
to stab, pierce |
sumuit |
|
|
|
| 72 |
to hit
|
mapentek |
|
|
|
| 72 |
to hit
|
mawewe |
|
|
|
| 73 |
to steal |
mangudu |
|
|
|
| 78 |
to cut, hack
|
kumetor |
|
|
|
| 79 |
stick/wood |
teken |
|
|
|
| 80 |
to split
|
maweteng |
separate into parts or portions |
|
|
| 80 |
to split
|
mapekang |
separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument |
|
|
| 83 |
to work
|
ma'yang |
|
|
|
| 85 |
to choose |
metin |
|
|
|
| 86 |
to grow
|
sumuwuk |
to grow (plant) |
|
|
| 87 |
to swell
|
sumegha |
|
|
|
| 88 |
to squeeze
|
rumo'mbes |
|
|
|
| 88 |
to squeeze
|
mapuus |
|
|
|
| 89 |
to hold
|
mingka' |
|
|
|
| 90 |
to dig |
kumiar |
|
|
|
| 94 |
to throw
|
dumombo' |
throw |
|
|
| 94 |
to throw
|
mawaleng |
hurling a stone |
|
|
| 95 |
to fall
|
maraghos |
|
|
|
| 97 |
bird |
ko'ko' |
|
|
|
| 98 |
egg |
etedu |
|
|
|
| 99 |
feather |
wutwut |
|
|
|
| 101 |
to fly |
sumendow |
to fly with broader meaning |
|
|
| 102 |
rat |
bobot |
|
|
|
| 103 |
meat/flesh |
dadeina |
|
|
|
| 104 |
fat/grease |
werewes |
|
|
|
| 106 |
snake |
ude' |
|
|
|
| 108 |
louse
|
pelotung |
head louse |
|
|
| 108 |
louse
|
kokoanseng |
animal louse |
|
|
| 109 |
mosquito |
ro'ongit |
|
|
|
| 110 |
spider |
karibobotan |
|
|
|
| 111 |
fish |
pe'en |
|
|
|
| 112 |
rotten
|
wu'ut |
|
|
|
| 114 |
leaf |
dadi'na |
|
|
|
| 116 |
flower |
seput |
|
|
|
| 116 |
flower |
seputna |
|
|
|
| 119 |
earth/soil |
reghe-reghesan |
earth |
|
|
| 123 |
to flow |
ma'aduy |
|
|
|
| 126 |
lake |
tambu' |
|
|
|
| 129 |
moon |
lelo'on |
|
|
|
| 131 |
cloud
|
engur |
|
|
|
| 132 |
fog |
lalemdem |
|
|
|
| 134 |
thunder |
tangker |
|
|
|
| 135 |
lightning |
kila'pong |
|
|
|
| 137 |
to blow
|
sumengo |
|
|
|
| 139 |
cold
|
date' |
|
|
|
| 141 |
wet |
dembes |
|
|
|
| 141 |
wet |
pi'pi' |
|
|
|
| 142 |
heavy |
wuted |
|
|
|
| 144 |
to burn
|
rumengis |
|
|
|
| 144 |
to burn
|
rumangket |
|
|
|
| 147 |
black |
didem |
|
|
|
| 150 |
yellow |
ririi |
|
|
|
| 152 |
small |
koki' |
|
|
|
| 154 |
short
|
poghar |
short in height |
|
|
| 154 |
short
|
poto' |
short in length |
|
|
| 157 |
thick
|
dempad |
|
|
|
| 159 |
wide |
doang |
|
|
|
| 159 |
wide |
lesa |
|
|
|
| 160 |
painful, sick |
kumenit |
|
|
|
| 164 |
good |
le'os |
|
|
|
| 165 |
bad, evil |
lewo' |
|
|
|
| 171 |
to hide
|
kumo'ot |
|
|
|
| 172 |
to climb
|
dumawa |
climb a ladder |
|
|
| 172 |
to climb
|
sumosod |
to climb a mountain |
|
|
| 173 |
at |
mena |
|
|
|
| 174 |
in, inside |
roro |
|
|
|
| 174 |
in, inside |
aki roro |
|
|
|
| 174 |
in, inside |
witu roro |
|
|
|
| 179 |
near |
rende |
|
|
|
| 179 |
near |
rempe' |
|
|
|
| 180 |
far |
dou' |
|
|
|
| 181 |
where?
|
wisa |
|
|
|
| 188 |
what?
|
nepa |
|
|
|
| 191 |
all |
waya |
|
|
|
| 191 |
all |
piri' |
|
|
|
| 192 |
and |
karia |
|
|
|
| 195 |
no, not |
tea'kan |
|
|
|
| 195 |
no, not |
dai' |
|
|
|
| 6 |
road/path |
lalan |
|
1 |
|
| 7 |
to come |
ma'ai |
|
1 |
|
| 11 |
dust |
awu |
|
1 |
|
| 14 |
belly |
tian |
|
1 |
|
| 16 |
intestines |
tina'i |
|
1 |
|
| 17 |
liver |
ate |
|
1 |
|
| 20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
mata'u |
|
1 |
|
| 23 |
blood |
daa' |
|
1 |
|
| 24 |
head |
udu |
|
1 |
|
| 42 |
to suck |
sumepsep |
|
1 |
|
| 53 |
person/human being |
tou |
|
1 |
|
| 59 |
mother |
ina' |
|
1 |
|
| 62 |
thatch/roof |
atep |
|
1 |
|
| 63 |
name |
ngaran |
|
1 |
|
| 65 |
rope |
tadi |
|
1 |
|
| 68 |
needle |
jarong |
|
1 |
|
| 75 |
to die, be dead |
mate |
|
1 |
|
| 81 |
sharp |
tadem |
|
1 |
|
| 81 |
sharp |
tewel |
|
1 |
|
| 86 |
to grow
|
tumou |
to grow but has a broader meaning |
1 |
|
| 92 |
to open, uncover |
mawuka |
|
1 |
|
| 92 |
to open, uncover |
wuka'an |
|
1 |
|
| 96 |
dog |
asu |
|
1 |
|
| 107 |
worm (earthworm) |
loloati |
|
1 |
|
| 108 |
louse
|
kutu |
general term - probably an Indonesian loan |
1 |
L? |
| 117 |
fruit |
wua' |
|
1 |
|
| 119 |
earth/soil |
tana' |
soil |
1 |
|
| 120 |
stone |
watu |
|
1 |
|
| 124 |
sea |
tasik |
|
1 |
|
| 126 |
lake |
dano |
|
1 |
|
| 128 |
sky |
dangit |
|
1 |
|
| 133 |
rain |
udan |
|
1 |
|
| 143 |
fire |
layas |
|
1 |
|
| 143 |
fire |
api |
|
1 |
|
| 144 |
to burn
|
tumunu |
|
1 |
|
| 146 |
ash |
awu |
|
1 |
|
| 148 |
white |
puti' |
|
1 |
|
| 151 |
green |
mata' |
|
1 |
|
| 152 |
small |
rintek |
|
1 |
|
| 162 |
old
|
tu'a |
|
1 |
|
| 167 |
night |
wengi |
|
1 |
|
| 169 |
year |
taon |
|
1 |
|
| 187 |
they |
nsera |
|
1 |
|
| 187 |
they |
ni sera |
|
1 |
|
| 194 |
how?
|
kura |
|
1 |
|
| 197 |
One
|
esa |
|
1 |
|
| 198 |
Two
|
dua |
|
1 |
|
| 199 |
Three
|
tedu |
|
1 |
|
| 200 |
Four
|
epat |
|
1 |
|
| 201 |
Five
|
dima |
|
1 |
|
| 202 |
Six
|
enem |
|
1 |
|
| 203 |
Seven
|
pitu |
|
1 |
|
| 55 |
woman/female |
wewene |
|
1, 106 |
|
| 37 |
to eat |
kuman |
|
1, 14 |
|
| 60 |
father |
ama' |
|
1, 18 |
|
| 208 |
Fifty
|
dima nepudu' |
|
1, 2 |
|
| 36 |
to spit |
dumuda' |
|
1, 30 |
|
| 183 |
thou |
niko |
|
1, 31 |
|
| 183 |
thou |
ni ko |
|
1, 31 |
|
| 184 |
he/she |
nsia |
|
1, 31 |
|
| 184 |
he/she |
ni sia |
|
1, 31 |
|
| 2 |
left |
kawii |
left |
1, 42 |
|
| 117 |
fruit |
wua'na |
|
1, 45 |
|
| 156 |
thin
|
tawis |
|
1, 48 |
|
| 182 |
I |
nyaku |
|
1, 5 |
|
| 182 |
I |
ni aku |
|
1, 5 |
|
| 18 |
breast |
toto' |
breast |
1, 53 |
|
| 163 |
new |
weru |
|
1, 54 |
|
| 122 |
water
|
doud |
|
1, 55 |
|
| 122 |
water
|
dano |
(ancient tonsea) |
1, 55 |
|
| 168 |
day |
endo |
|
1, 56 |
|
| 26 |
hair
|
wu'uk |
|
1, 65 |
|
| 188 |
what?
|
epa |
|
1, 66 |
|
| 3 |
right |
kenawan |
|
1, 67 |
|
| 149 |
red |
rundang |
|
105 |
|
| 66 |
to tie up, fasten |
wa'kesen |
|
112 |
|
| 91 |
to buy |
tumeles |
|
12 |
|
| 61 |
house |
wale |
|
14 |
|
| 93 |
to pound, beat
|
wewengku |
|
14, 52 |
|
| 178 |
that |
ni'itu |
|
16 |
|
| 190 |
other |
wadina |
|
17 |
|
| 15 |
bone |
dui |
|
2 |
|
| 74 |
to kill |
mapate |
kill |
2 |
|
| 74 |
to kill |
mate tou |
kill someone |
2 |
|
| 84 |
to plant |
tumanem |
|
2 |
|
| 118 |
grass |
dukut |
|
2 |
|
| 172 |
to climb
|
sumake |
climb a ladder |
2 |
|
| 175 |
above |
wawo |
|
2 |
|
| 185 |
we
|
ngkami |
|
2, 54 |
|
| 185 |
we
|
ni kami |
|
2, 54 |
|
| 39 |
to cook
|
dumutu' |
|
20 |
|
| 176 |
below |
lalem |
|
20 |
|
| 189 |
who?
|
sipa |
|
20 |
|
| 8 |
to turn
|
rumeko' |
|
21 |
|
| 113 |
branch
|
panga |
|
22 |
|
| 28 |
to breathe |
ma'aseng |
|
23 |
|
| 104 |
fat/grease |
tawa' |
|
23 |
|
| 166 |
correct, true |
betul |
|
23 |
|
| 48 |
to sleep |
tumekel |
|
24 |
|
| 54 |
man/male |
tuama |
|
25 |
|
| 106 |
snake |
sawa |
|
25 |
|
| 138 |
warm
|
pasu' |
|
26 |
|
| 27 |
nose |
ngirung |
|
27 |
|
| 192 |
and |
wo |
|
27 |
|
| 170 |
when?
|
sawisa |
when (in the future) |
28, 70 |
|
| 170 |
when?
|
ngkawisa |
when (past) |
28, 71 |
|
| 115 |
root |
amut |
|
3 |
|
| 125 |
salt |
asin |
|
3 |
|
| 204 |
Eight
|
wadu |
|
3 |
|
| 82 |
dull, blunt |
tumpul |
|
3, 37 |
|
| 207 |
Twenty
|
dua nepudu' |
|
3, 6 |
|
| 105 |
tail |
ipus |
|
30 |
|
| 127 |
woods/forest |
tadun |
|
30 |
|
| 158 |
narrow |
peset |
|
30 |
|
| 68 |
needle |
wewilit |
|
35 |
|
| 155 |
long
|
dambo' |
|
35 |
|
| 155 |
long
|
dabo |
|
35 |
|
| 196 |
to count |
rumeken |
|
39 |
|
| 196 |
to count |
mareken |
|
39 |
|
| 32 |
tongue |
dida' |
|
4 |
|
| 209 |
One Hundred
|
matus |
|
4, 52 |
|
| 177 |
this |
nyi'ai |
|
40 |
|
| 191 |
all |
peleng |
|
41 |
|
| 47 |
to yawn |
matetekel |
|
42 |
|
| 77 |
to scratch
|
kumorkor |
|
42 |
|
| 173 |
at |
aki |
|
42 |
|
| 4 |
leg/foot |
kuku |
Semantic shift from PMP *kuhkuh "toe nail, finger nail" |
46 |
|
| 210 |
One Thousand
|
seiwu |
|
5 |
|
| 205 |
Nine
|
siouw |
|
5, 34 |
|
| 206 |
Ten
|
mapudu' |
|
5, 40 |
|
| 145 |
smoke
|
terbur |
|
51 |
|
| 14 |
belly |
po'ot |
|
52 |
|
| 31 |
tooth |
wa'ang |
|
53, 54 |
|
| 140 |
dry
|
pera |
|
55 |
|
| 2 |
left |
kiday |
left handed |
56 |
|
| 40 |
to drink |
melep |
|
58 |
|
| 41 |
to bite |
kumiki |
|
69 |
|
| 29 |
to sniff, smell |
mawou |
smell |
71 |
|
| 76 |
to live, be alive |
tumou |
|
73 |
|
| 76 |
to live, be alive |
matou |
|
73 |
|
| 161 |
shy, ashamed |
ma'idang |
|
73 |
|
| 100 |
wing |
tetelew |
|
74 |
|
| 193 |
if |
sa |
|
75 |
|
| 130 |
star |
toti' |
|
75, 76 |
|
| 35 |
to vomit |
dumua' |
|
8 |
|
| 101 |
to fly |
tumelew |
to fly (bird only) |
82 |
|
| 136 |
wind |
reghes |
|
82, 88 |
|
| 121 |
sand |
eris |
|
86 |
|
| 153 |
big |
sela |
|
96, 97 |
|
| 153 |
big |
wangko |
|
98 |
|
| 186 |
you |
niko |
|
s |
|
| 186 |
you |
ngko |
|
s |
|