Language: Kuot
| Source/Author: | Lindström field notes | |
|---|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:kto Glottocode: kuot1243 | |
| Notes: | non-Austronesian ("East Papuan"), New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Previous names: Panaras (also Nayama, Kun, Kulot; see Lindström 2002 p19). Noun endings -ma, -na, -nəm, -nim, -bam, -bu, -bun, -uom disappear in plural formation and should probably be ignored for comparative purposes. | |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Eva Lindström Checked By: | |
| Statistics: |
| |
| Classification: | Isolate | |
| Map | ||
Resources:
Ethnologue Information for kto
OLAC Information for kto
World Atlas of Language Structures Information for kuo-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing all of 5 entries
- Changed "classification" from "languages isolate" - Simon Greenhill (2021-01-20 02:13:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2019-12-06 16:51:22)
- Updating Classification to Match Ethnologue 16. From: East Papuan, Yele-Solomons-New Britain, New Britain, Kuot To: Language isolate - Simon Greenhill (2009-07-23 03:40:36)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2008-11-26 23:14:47)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2008-11-26 23:12:41)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand | kilan | |||
| 2 | left | kaiar | prob 'left hand(ed)' | ||
| 3 | right | |
|||
| 4 | leg/foot | kiban | |||
| 4 | leg/foot | kadəlek | (northern dialect) | ||
| 5 | to walk | num | Vcls 2 | ||
| 6 | road/path | alaŋ | (AN loan) | ||
| 7 | to come | mu-o | Vcls 3 | ||
| 7 | to come | op | Vcls 2 | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
|
|||
| 9 | to swim | kakai | Vcls 1; also 'float' | ||
| 10 | dirty | pəppəl | adj | ||
| 11 | dust | buia | |||
| 12 | skin | neip | only in plural form | ||
| 12 | skin | kumalip | only in plural form | ||
| 12 | skin | pəppək | pəppək also of 'peel', 'bark' etc. | ||
| 13 | back
|
ibunəm | |||
| 14 | belly | puana | |||
| 15 | bone | muanəm | |||
| 16 | intestines | pakkubinəm | |||
| 16 | intestines | dalə | includes general insides of belly, 'offal' | ||
| 17 | liver | bakkarep | |||
| 17 | liver | bəsok | also 'lung' | ||
| 18 | breast | sisima | (AN loan) | ||
| 19 | shoulder | barana | |||
| 19 | shoulder | biaməna | 'shoulder blade' | ||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | it | Vcls 2 | ||
| 21 | to think | akat | Vcls 1 | ||
| 22 | to fear | rau | Vcls 2 | ||
| 23 | blood | oləbuan | |||
| 24 | head | bukom | |||
| 25 | neck | kəkkoŋ | |||
| 26 | hair
|
kapuruma | |||
| 27 | nose | akabunima | 'nostril' | ||
| 27 | nose | ŋof | 'nostril' | ||
| 28 | to breathe | |
|||
| 29 | to sniff, smell | ie | Vcls 2 | ||
| 30 | mouth | nənəm | |||
| 31 | tooth | laukima | |||
| 32 | tongue | məlobiem | |||
| 33 | to laugh | fakabuo | Vcls 1 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | akkit | Vcls 1 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | tekkit | Vcls 1 | ||
| 34 | to cry | libə | Vcls 2 | ||
| 35 | to vomit | tarak-ban | Vcls 3 | ||
| 35 | to vomit | abən | Vcls 2, of small children | ||
| 36 | to spit | kasup | Vcls 1 | ||
| 37 | to eat | o | Vcls 2 | ||
| 37 | to eat | parak | Vcls 1 | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
səm | chew | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
soŋ | chew betel nut | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
ŋose | chew and swallow juice, as of sugar cane | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
kərəs | chew noisily, crunch | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
səmsəm | chew | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
bukara | 'make cooked < adj. 'cooked' | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
pa iouna | Vcls 2, make 'mumu', cook in stones (iouna=cooking stones) | ||
| 40 | to drink | təp-o | Vcls 3 | ||
| 41 | to bite | karət | (AN loan) also 'betel nut' | ||
| 42 | to suck | sisi | Vcls 1 (AN loan, see 'breast') | L | |
| 42 | to suck | ninip | 'as in suck on fingers' | ||
| 43 | ear | kikinəm | |||
| 44 | to hear | ptə | Vcls 2 | ||
| 44 | to hear | omirə | Vcls 2 | ||
| 45 | eye | irəma | |||
| 46 | to see | kima | Vcls 1 | ||
| 46 | to see | i-i | Vcls 3 | ||
| 47 | to yawn | marala | Vcls 1 | ||
| 48 | to sleep | duri | also 'lie down' | ||
| 48 | to sleep | tete | child-directed | ||
| 49 | to lie down
|
duri | also 'to sleep' | ||
| 50 | to dream | kirit-ie | Vcls 3 | ||
| 50 | to dream | kikkirit-ie | Vcls 3 | ||
| 51 | to sit | onəma | Vcls 2 | ||
| 52 | to stand | dus | Vcls 1 | ||
| 53 | person/human being | |
|||
| 54 | man/male | mikana | |||
| 54 | man/male | teima | |||
| 55 | woman/female | makabun | |||
| 56 | child | poi | someone's child | ||
| 56 | child | kulot | boy | ||
| 56 | child | kuləmut | girl | ||
| 56 | child | lop | children (PL only) | ||
| 57 | husband | lai | |||
| 58 | wife | kualə | also 'old woman' (same in Nochi) | ||
| 59 | mother | naga | same in Nalik, Nochi, Madak ('my mother') | ||
| 59 | mother | num | older root? base of collective forms | ||
| 59 | mother | kakka | child's address | ||
| 60 | father | irə | |||
| 60 | father | mama | child's address | ||
| 61 | house | lukuan | (also 'roof') | ||
| 62 | thatch/roof | lukuan | also 'house' | ||
| 63 | name | bonim | |||
| 64 | to say | ga | |||
| 64 | to say | gama | |||
| 64 | to say | ma | |||
| 64 | to say | mama | |||
| 65 | rope | iakur | |||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | pis | Vcls 1 (AN loan) | L | |
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | pəla | Vcls 1 | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | buruk-in | tie with knot | ||
| 67 | to sew
|
sikit | (AN loan) | ||
| 68 | needle | |
|||
| 69 | to hunt
|
sin | Vcls 1 'hunt with dogs' | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
bəle | shoot with spear | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
pure | shoot or stab with spear etc. | ||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | pure | Vcls 1 stab, shoot | ||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | siki | Vcls 1 stab, pierce, prick (AN loan) | L | |
| 71 | to stab, pierce | buliŋ | Vcls 1 'stab', poke, as ground for post etc | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
pit | Vcls 1, hit with stick, also 'cut firewood' | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
pukət | Vcls 1, beat with stick | ||
| 73 | to steal | pula | Vcls 1 | ||
| 74 | to kill | nəm | Vcls 2a, 'to go at, injure' | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | pəra | Vcls 2 | ||
| 76 | to live, be alive | nim | Vcls 2, also 'be conscious' | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
karamit | Vcls 1 | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
bulə | Vcls 2a 'cut, chop, fell' | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
kirip | Vcls 1 'cut, chop with knife' | ||
| 79 | stick/wood | karənəm | |||
| 79 | stick/wood | pas | |||
| 80 | to split
|
səba | Vcls 1 'split bamboo, or areca palm trunk for walling or flooring' | ||
| 80 | to split
|
bəsa | Vcls 1 'split bamboo, or areca palm trunk for walling or flooring' | ||
| 80 | to split
|
pəreit | Vcls 1 'split firewood, or vine for lashing' | ||
| 81 | sharp | oror | adj | ||
| 82 | dull, blunt | but | adj | ||
| 83 | to work
|
ubi | Vcls 1 | ||
| 84 | to plant | li | Vcls 2a | ||
| 84 | to plant | lə | Vcls 1 'plant a new garden' | ||
| 85 | to choose | ite | Vcls 1 also 'sort' | ||
| 85 | to choose | mat | Vcls 1 also 'take aim' | ||
| 86 | to grow
|
sik | (AN: Nochi chik chikchik) | L | |
| 86 | to grow
|
siksik | (AN: Nochi chik chikchik) | L | |
| 87 | to swell
|
dəŋ | Vcls 1 | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
tiŋ | Vcls 1 | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
abə | Vcls 2 also 'rise, climb' | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
ut | Vcls 1 also 'be full from eating' | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
pora | Vcls 1 | ||
| 89 | to hold
|
at | Vcls 2a | ||
| 90 | to dig | kau | Vcls 1 (AN loan (?)) | ||
| 91 | to buy | seo | Vcls 1 also 'pay' | ||
| 91 | to buy | u-i | Vcls 3 also 'pay | ||
| 92 | to open, uncover | pilas | Vcls 1 | ||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
sək | Vcls 1 hit, pound with stone or stick | ||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
ra | Vcls 2a 'pound to open shell' | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
ko | Vcls 1 | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
apə | Vcls 1 incl throw spear | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
pure | Vcls 1 throw at | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
kəm | Vcls 2 | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
tiri | Vcls 1 | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
mir | Vcls 1 | ||
| 96 | dog | kapuna | (AN: same as Nochi) | ||
| 97 | bird | kobeŋ | southern Kuot (AN loan? Lakuramau koben=wing) | L? | |
| 97 | bird | amani | northern Kuot (AN loan) | L | |
| 98 | egg | səgər | |||
| 98 | egg | dəkər | Kabil dialect | ||
| 99 | feather | nebam | |||
| 100 | wing | pupuruna | |||
| 101 | to fly | pəva-la | Vcls 3 | ||
| 102 | rat | kifəma (m) | (AN loan) | L | |
| 102 | rat | kifəbun (f) | (AN loan) | L | |
| 103 | meat/flesh | puppunes | |||
| 103 | meat/flesh | otbəna | 'meat of fish' | ||
| 103 | meat/flesh | ŋane | 'what you have with the carbo hydrates (Tok Pisin abus)' | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | ailu | |||
| 104 | fat/grease | kiris | of nuts | ||
| 105 | tail | ləpəle | of dog as well as snake | ||
| 105 | tail | pətpat | also 'lower back of pig (butchered with the tail)' | ||
| 105 | tail | ləbonaŋ | tail and backmost part of fish | ||
| 105 | tail | uliakano | bird's tail | ||
| 106 | snake | kakok | |||
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | makabunama | (spp, long and thin) | ||
| 108 | louse
|
ineima | |||
| 109 | mosquito | ŋatŋarima | (AN loan) | ||
| 110 | spider | kakoburik | |||
| 110 | spider | kokoburik | |||
| 111 | fish | abuluma | |||
| 112 | rotten
|
is | adj | ||
| 113 | branch
|
muaranim | |||
| 113 | branch
|
muareima | |||
| 114 | leaf | bəbam | |||
| 115 | root | ikunəm | |||
| 116 | flower | purə | only verb; prob loan | ||
| 117 | fruit | |
|||
| 118 | grass | pəlis | |||
| 119 | earth/soil | kimanəm | |||
| 120 | stone | adəs | |||
| 121 | sand | ubiem | |||
| 122 | water
|
burunəm | |||
| 122 | water
|
danuot | also 'river', AN loan (?) | L? | |
| 123 | to flow | ripa | Vcls 2 | ||
| 124 | sea | pirom | |||
| 125 | salt | tes | (AN loan) | ||
| 126 | lake | |
|||
| 127 | woods/forest | panap | bush, also 'rubbish, trash' (PL only) | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | ben | high forest | ||
| 128 | sky | panbinim | the blue sky, clouds are below it | ||
| 129 | moon | uləŋ | (AN loan) | ||
| 130 | star | marələ | (AN loan < Morning star) | L | |
| 130 | star | mataleŋleŋ | (AN? = Nochi) | L? | |
| 131 | cloud
|
|
|||
| 132 | fog | upau | mist, rising from forest after rain | ||
| 133 | rain | afərət | (AN loan < wet season) | ||
| 134 | thunder | duk | |||
| 135 | lightning | ilak | (AN loan) | ||
| 136 | wind | ifif | (AN loan) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
ləf | blow away, of wind | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
fu | blow with the mouth (AN loan) | L | |
| 138 | warm
|
pamnə | adj | ||
| 138 | warm
|
pəppamnə | warm, hot in general | ||
| 139 | cold
|
madin | Vcls 1, cold, cool in general | ||
| 140 | dry
|
bəlak | Vcls 1, dry, be dry in general | ||
| 140 | dry
|
uauk | Vcls 1, of sores or anything wet that dries out | ||
| 141 | wet | saput | Vcls 1 | ||
| 141 | wet | sərap | adj | ||
| 141 | wet | puskə | adj 'moist' | ||
| 141 | wet | səsarap | adj | ||
| 141 | wet | saraput | Vcls 1 | ||
| 142 | heavy | giginə | adj | ||
| 143 | fire | kit | (AN? Lavongai kut) | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
suam | Vcls 1 | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
ip-au | Vcls 3 'burn secondary growth in garden preparation' | ||
| 145 | smoke
|
bonət | |||
| 146 | ash | ura | |||
| 146 | ash | utərə | |||
| 147 | black | pul | |||
| 147 | black | puppul | adj (AN? =Nochi 'black, dirty') | ||
| 148 | white | pəsok | Vcls 1 (AN: Tigak & Lavongai: posok) | ||
| 149 | red | toktok | adj (AN?? = Nochi tok) | ||
| 150 | yellow | kakko | Vcls 1 | ||
| 151 | green | makmakada | Vcls 1 (AN: Nalik mərəxə'wa, Madak məmaxa) | ||
| 152 | small | kəppi | adj also 'thin', 'narrow' | ||
| 152 | small | tətak | (AN? Nochi: dokdok) | L? | |
| 153 | big | kan | adj also 'thick', 'wide' | ||
| 154 | short
|
pəppo | adj (length and height) | ||
| 155 | long
|
laklakə | adj | ||
| 156 | thin
|
|
|||
| 157 | thick
|
am | adj also 'fat' | ||
| 158 | narrow | |
|||
| 159 | wide | |
|||
| 160 | painful, sick | ŋit | Vcls 1 hurt | ||
| 160 | painful, sick | tafa | Vcls 1 sick | ||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | muli-bə | Vcls 3 | ||
| 162 | old
|
lai | old man | ||
| 162 | old
|
lappək | 'be old' if used as Vcls 1 | ||
| 162 | old
|
kuala | old woman | ||
| 162 | old
|
kualappik | 'be old' if used as Vcls 1 | ||
| 163 | new | nə | adj | ||
| 164 | good | mur | adj | ||
| 164 | good | məgo | adj | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | kirə | adj | ||
| 166 | correct, true | mikə | adj | ||
| 167 | night | arubu | also 'darkness' | ||
| 168 | day | la | day | ||
| 168 | day | ileŋ | daytime, daylight | ||
| 169 | year | karanim | also 'low tide, reef at low tide' | ||
| 170 | when?
|
namuk | adv, also 'how many' | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
kako-ri | Vcls 3 | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
sukə | V cls 1 'pull back to hide' | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
abə | Vcl 2, also rise etc | ||
| 173 | at | na | |||
| 174 | in, inside | na | |||
| 175 | above | bo | also 'on' | ||
| 175 | above | nakkap | adv 'on, over, up' | ||
| 176 | below | pət | also 'under' | ||
| 176 | below | laurup | adv 'under, below, down' | ||
| 177 | this | ti | many many forms,+ inflected for person | ||
| 178 | that | to | many many forms,+ inflected for person | ||
| 179 | near | kakarat | |||
| 180 | far | kəkkaliat | |||
| 181 | where?
|
lakum | |||
| 182 | I | tuo | |||
| 182 | I | turuo | |||
| 183 | thou | nuo | |||
| 183 | thou | nunuo | |||
| 184 | he/she | i | masc | ||
| 184 | he/she | u | fem -- much variation across pronominal functions | ||
| 185 | we
|
buo | incl | ||
| 185 | we
|
bubuo | |||
| 185 | we
|
papa | excl | ||
| 185 | we
|
pa | |||
| 186 | you | mi | |||
| 186 | you | mimi | |||
| 187 | they | mi | varies across functions | ||
| 187 | they | ma | varies across functions | ||
| 188 | what?
|
mani | |||
| 189 | who?
|
aka | |||
| 190 | other | |
|||
| 191 | all | ganam | 'all, whole' | ||
| 192 | and | ga | |||
| 193 | if | |
|||
| 194 | how?
|
are mani | "like what" | ||
| 195 | no, not | təle | negation | ||
| 195 | no, not | karuk | is not, no | ||
| 196 | to count | pəs | Vcls 1 | ||
| 197 | One
|
namurit | |||
| 198 | Two
|
narain | |||
| 199 | Three
|
naien | |||
| 200 | Four
|
nakala | |||
| 201 | Five
|
muanəm | |||
| 202 | Six
|
gunamur | |||
| 203 | Seven
|
gamura | |||
| 204 | Eight
|
gamin | |||
| 205 | Nine
|
gamiala | |||
| 206 | Ten
|
mənaburuan | |||
| 207 | Twenty
|
narain mənaburualapien | two tens | ||
| 208 | Fifty
|
muanə ma mənaburualap | five tens | ||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
mənaburuan ma mənaburualap | ten tens | ||
| 210 | One Thousand
|
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