Language: Proto-Hlai (Norquest)
| Source/Author: | Peter K. Norquest |
|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: hlai1238 |
| Notes: | Norquest, Peter K. A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Hlai. Ph.D dissertation. Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2007. Cognacy judgments are based from Norquest's lists of Proto-Hlai / Proto-Austronesian comparisons. |
| Problems: | Proto-Greater Hlai, Proto-Central Hlai, etc. are given when there is no Proto-Hlai form. |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: |
| Statistics: |
|
| Classification: | Tai-Kadai:Hlai |
| Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
- Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 3 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-09 08:45:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:10:30)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:09:45)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand | *C-mɯ: | PAN *(qa)lima | 1 | |
| 2 | left | *hwi:ŋ | PAN *ka-wiʀi ? | 48 | |
| 3 | right | *pʰəyʔ | |||
| 4 | leg/foot | *kʰok | PAN *qaqay ?? according to LS | 31 | |
| 5 | to walk | *fi: | |||
| 5 | to walk | *tɕa:mɦ | |||
| 6 | road/path | *ku:n | |||
| 7 | to come | *hmɯ:n | |||
| 8 | to turn
|
*Ciʔəy | |||
| 9 | to swim | *p-li: | |||
| 10 | dirty | *C-nɯmɦ | filth | ||
| 11 | dust | *fu:ŋʔ | Greater Hlai | ||
| 12 | skin | *C-nə:ŋ | PAN *qaNiC ? | ||
| 13 | back
|
*tɕʰuɲʔ | |||
| 14 | belly | *hmok | |||
| 15 | bone | *Cuɾɯ:k | PAN *CuqelaN ? | ||
| 16 | intestines | *ɾa:yʔ | PAN *Cinaqi ? | ||
| 17 | liver | *ɗəy | PAN *qaCay | 1 | |
| 17 | liver | *C-ŋa:n | |||
| 18 | breast | *tɕi:ɦ | |||
| 19 | shoulder | *ʋa:ɦ | PAN *qabaʀa | 1 | |
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | *Curɯ: | |||
| 21 | to think | |
|||
| 22 | to fear | *ɗa:ʔ | PAN *ma-takut ? | ||
| 23 | blood | *hla:c | PAN *daʀaq ? | ||
| 24 | head | *Curəwʔ | PAN *qulu ? | 1 | |
| 25 | neck | *ljoŋʔ | PAN *liqeʀ ? | ||
| 26 | hair
|
*hnom | |||
| 27 | nose | *kʰət | |||
| 28 | to breathe | *hwɯp | to inhale | ||
| 29 | to sniff, smell | *ɦa:y | |||
| 30 | mouth | *fa:k | PMP *baqbaq ? | ||
| 30 | mouth | *hməmʔ | |||
| 31 | tooth | *fjən | PAN *nipen ? | ||
| 32 | tongue | *hli:nʔ | 36 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | *ɾja:w | PAN *Cawa ? | ||
| 34 | to cry | *C-ŋi:ʔ | PAN *Caŋis | 1 | |
| 35 | to vomit | *fa:k | PAN *utaq ? | 1? | |
| 36 | to spit | *pʰ[w]iɦ | |||
| 37 | to eat | *kʰən | PAN *kaen | 1 | |
| 38 | to chew
|
*hŋa:ɲʔ | |||
| 39 | to cook
|
|
|||
| 40 | to drink | *ru:nɦ | PMP *inum ? | ||
| 41 | to bite | *hŋa:ɲʔ | |||
| 42 | to suck | |
|||
| 43 | ear | *ljəy | PAN *Caliŋa ? | ||
| 44 | to hear | *p-lɯ: | to listen | ||
| 45 | eye | *tʃʰa: | PAN *maCa | 1 | |
| 46 | to see | *C-la:yʔ | PAN *kita ? | ||
| 47 | to yawn | *hŋa:p | PAN *ma-Suab, *ma-Suaw | ||
| 47 | to yawn | *ka:w | |||
| 48 | to sleep | *hŋu:ɦ | |||
| 49 | to lie down
|
*hŋu:ɦ | |||
| 50 | to dream | *fən | PAN *Sepi | ||
| 51 | to sit | *tɕoŋʔ | PMP *tudan or Chinese ? | ||
| 52 | to stand | *tɕu:n | Chinese ? | ||
| 53 | person/human being | *[ʔ]a:w | PAN *Cau | 1 | |
| 54 | man/male | *pʰa:ʔ | |||
| 54 | man/male | *C-ma:n | |||
| 55 | woman/female | *hmi:ʔ | PAN *bahi ? | ||
| 56 | child | *hlɯ:k | PAN *aNak | 1 | |
| 56 | child | *C-lik | |||
| 57 | husband | |
|||
| 58 | wife | *hmi:ʔ | = woman | ||
| 59 | mother | *hmi:ʔ | = woman | ||
| 60 | father | *pʰa:ʔ | |||
| 61 | house | *rɯ:n | PAN *ʀumaq ? | ||
| 61 | house | *p-loŋʔ | |||
| 62 | thatch/roof | |
|||
| 63 | name | *pʰa:ŋ | |||
| 64 | to say | *ɾi:n | |||
| 65 | rope | *ɗə:y | PAN *CaliS ? | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | |
|||
| 67 | to sew
|
*C-ɲəp | PAN *taSiq ? | ||
| 68 | needle | *hŋuc | |||
| 69 | to hunt
|
|
|||
| 70 | to shoot
|
*hɲɯ: | PAN *panaq ? | ||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | |
|||
| 72 | to hit
|
*tʰa[:]yɦ | |||
| 73 | to steal | *ljok | PAN *Cakaw ? | ||
| 74 | to kill | *C-ɦu:ʔ | |||
| 75 | to die, be dead | *hla:wɦ | |||
| 76 | to live, be alive | *Cuɾi:p | PAN *ma-qudip | 1 | |
| 77 | to scratch
|
*tʰa:w | |||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
*rəp | |||
| 79 | stick/wood | |
|||
| 80 | to split
|
|
|||
| 81 | sharp | *tɕʰə:m | PAN *Cazem | 1 | |
| 82 | dull, blunt | *ɾja:k | |||
| 83 | to work
|
|
|||
| 84 | to plant | *Cura: | PAN *mula | 1 | |
| 85 | to choose | *hləɲ | PAN *piliq ? | ||
| 86 | to grow
|
|
|||
| 87 | to swell
|
*ʔun | |||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
|
|||
| 89 | to hold
|
|
|||
| 90 | to dig | *Ciɦut | |||
| 90 | to dig | *kʰuy | |||
| 90 | to dig | *ɦuyʔ | |||
| 91 | to buy | *tʃʰəc | |||
| 92 | to open, uncover | *tʰɯ:n | |||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
*su:nʔ | |||
| 94 | to throw
|
*fit | to throw away; Greater Hlai | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
*tʰok | |||
| 96 | dog | *hma: | PAN *wasu ? | ||
| 97 | bird | *səc | |||
| 98 | egg | *hjɯ:m | |||
| 99 | feather | *Cuɦun | PMP *bulu ? | ||
| 100 | wing | *pʰi:k | PAN *paNid ? ; PMP *kapak | 1 | |
| 101 | to fly | *ɓin | |||
| 102 | rat | *hniw | |||
| 103 | meat/flesh | *rəmʔ | Greater Hlai | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | *ru:yʔ | |||
| 105 | tail | *tɕʰuc | |||
| 106 | snake | *lja:ɦ | PAN *Sulaʀ | 1 | |
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | *Cuɦən | PAN *kulay ? | ||
| 108 | louse
|
*tʃʰwəw | PAN *kuCu | 1 | |
| 109 | mosquito | *C-ɲu:ŋ | |||
| 110 | spider | *kʰu:ŋ | Central Hlai | ||
| 111 | fish | *hla: | |||
| 112 | rotten
|
*ʔɯ:nʔ | |||
| 113 | branch
|
*kʰa: | |||
| 114 | leaf | *ɓɯ: | |||
| 115 | root | *ri:w | PAN *ʀameC / PMP *uʀat ? | ||
| 116 | flower | *tʃʰ[e]:ŋ | |||
| 117 | fruit | *fa:k | PAN *buaq | 1 | |
| 118 | grass | *hŋənʔ | |||
| 119 | earth/soil | *Cuɾən | |||
| 120 | stone | *tɕʰi:n | |||
| 121 | sand | *pʰu:ɦ | |||
| 122 | water
|
*C-nəmʔ | PAN *daNum | 1 | |
| 123 | to flow | *C-ma:w | |||
| 124 | sea | |
|||
| 125 | salt | *C-ɲa:wʔ | |||
| 126 | lake | |
|||
| 127 | woods/forest | *rəŋ | |||
| 128 | sky | *fa:ʔ | |||
| 129 | moon | *C-ɲa:n | PAN *bulaN | 1 | |
| 130 | star | *ɾa:w | alternate gloss: sun; PAN 'sun' *qalejaw ? | 1 | |
| 131 | cloud
|
*ɗe:k | Central Hlai | ||
| 132 | fog | *Cuɦə:n | PMP 'cloud' *ʀabun ? | ||
| 133 | rain | *fun | PMP 'cloud' *ʀabun ? | ||
| 134 | thunder | *ʔom | |||
| 134 | thunder | *C-ɲa:mʔ | thunder god in Greater Hlai | ||
| 135 | lightning | *ljip | |||
| 136 | wind | *hwiw | PAN *bali ? | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
*ʔu:ɦ | |||
| 138 | warm
|
*hlunɦ | |||
| 139 | cold
|
*kʰa:yɦ | |||
| 140 | dry
|
*ɗa:w | |||
| 141 | wet | *hmənʔ | |||
| 142 | heavy | *kʰɯm | |||
| 143 | fire | *fi: | PAN *Sapuy | 1 | |
| 144 | to burn
|
*tɕʰuyʔ | |||
| 145 | smoke
|
*hjɯ:k | |||
| 145 | smoke
|
*ljɯ:k | |||
| 146 | ash | *su:ʔ | |||
| 147 | black | *ɗəmʔ | PMP *ma-qitem ? | 1 | |
| 148 | white | *kʰa:w | |||
| 149 | red | *ra:nʔ | PAN *ma-taNah / PMP *ma-iʀaq ? | ||
| 150 | yellow | *lja:ŋ | |||
| 151 | green | |
|||
| 152 | small | *ʔinɦ | |||
| 153 | big | *C-luŋ | |||
| 154 | short
|
*tʰəc | Greater Hlai | ||
| 155 | long
|
*hna:wʔ | |||
| 156 | thin
|
*rɯ: | |||
| 157 | thick
|
*C-na: | |||
| 158 | narrow | *ɓi:p | |||
| 159 | wide | *ɓa:ŋ | |||
| 160 | painful, sick | *tʃʰok | |||
| 160 | painful, sick | *tɕʰok | |||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | *ri: | |||
| 162 | old
|
*hja: | |||
| 162 | old
|
*ki:nʔ | |||
| 163 | new | *hma:n | PAN *ma-baqeʀu ? | ||
| 164 | good | *hlin | |||
| 165 | bad, evil | *ɾja:k | |||
| 166 | correct, true | *ɗət | |||
| 167 | night | *tɕʰəp | |||
| 168 | day | *hŋwən | |||
| 169 | year | *hmu:ɦ | |||
| 170 | when?
|
|
|||
| 171 | to hide
|
*C-ŋəw | |||
| 172 | to climb
|
*C-na:n | |||
| 173 | at | |
|||
| 174 | in, inside | *ʔu:k | |||
| 175 | above | |
|||
| 176 | below | |
|||
| 177 | this | *C-ni:ɦ | PAN *i-ni | 1 | |
| 178 | that | *C-na: | 1 | ||
| 178 | that | *ɦɯ:ɦ | |||
| 178 | that | *C-ma:ɦ | |||
| 179 | near | *p-lɯ:ʔ | |||
| 180 | far | *C-ləy | |||
| 181 | where?
|
|
|||
| 182 | I | *ɦu: | PAN *i-aku | 1 | |
| 183 | thou | *C-mɯ: | 1 | ||
| 184 | he/she | *C-na: | |||
| 185 | we
|
*fəw | exclusive; Central Hlai | ||
| 186 | you | *səw | 1 | ||
| 187 | they | *kʰun | |||
| 188 | what?
|
|
|||
| 189 | who?
|
|
|||
| 190 | other | *ʔa[:]w | other person | ||
| 191 | all | *ɓa:yʔ | |||
| 192 | and | *ʔu:ŋɦ | |||
| 193 | if | |
|||
| 194 | how?
|
*ɾa: | |||
| 195 | no, not | *wi: | |||
| 196 | to count | *kʰa:yʔ | |||
| 197 | One
|
*tɕʰɯ: | PAN *isa | 1 | |
| 198 | Two
|
*hlu:ʔ | PAN *duSa | 16 | |
| 199 | Three
|
*tʃʰwuʔ | PAN *telu | 1 | |
| 200 | Four
|
*tʃʰa:wʔ | PAN *epat | ||
| 201 | Five
|
*hma: | PAN *lima | 1 | |
| 202 | Six
|
*hnom | 1 | ||
| 203 | Seven
|
*tʰu: | 1 | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
*ru: | 1 | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
*C-ßɯ:ʔ | 5 | ||
| 206 | Ten
|
*fu:t | 1 | ||
| 207 | Twenty
|
|
|||
| 208 | Fifty
|
|
|||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
*Cura:n | |||
| 210 | One Thousand
|
*C-ŋu:n |





