Language: Proto-Hlai (Norquest)
Source/Author: | Peter K. Norquest |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: hlai1238 |
Notes: | Norquest, Peter K. A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Hlai. Ph.D dissertation. Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2007. Cognacy judgments are based from Norquest's lists of Proto-Hlai / Proto-Austronesian comparisons. |
Problems: | Proto-Greater Hlai, Proto-Central Hlai, etc. are given when there is no Proto-Hlai form. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Tai-Kadai:Hlai |
Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
- Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
- [Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 3 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-09 08:45:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:10:30)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:09:45)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | hand | *C-mɯ: | PAN *(qa)lima | 1 | |
2 | left | *hwi:ŋ | PAN *ka-wiʀi ? | 48 | |
3 | right | *pʰəyʔ | |||
4 | leg/foot | *kʰok | PAN *qaqay ?? according to LS | 31 | |
5 | to walk | *fi: | |||
5 | to walk | *tɕa:mɦ | |||
6 | road/path | *ku:n | |||
7 | to come | *hmɯ:n | |||
8 | to turn | *Ciʔəy | |||
9 | to swim | *p-li: | |||
10 | dirty | *C-nɯmɦ | filth | ||
11 | dust | *fu:ŋʔ | Greater Hlai | ||
12 | skin | *C-nə:ŋ | PAN *qaNiC ? | ||
13 | back | *tɕʰuɲʔ | |||
14 | belly | *hmok | |||
15 | bone | *Cuɾɯ:k | PAN *CuqelaN ? | ||
16 | intestines | *ɾa:yʔ | PAN *Cinaqi ? | ||
17 | liver | *ɗəy | PAN *qaCay | 1 | |
17 | liver | *C-ŋa:n | |||
18 | breast | *tɕi:ɦ | |||
19 | shoulder | *ʋa:ɦ | PAN *qabaʀa | 1 | |
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | *Curɯ: | |||
21 | to think | ||||
22 | to fear | *ɗa:ʔ | PAN *ma-takut ? | ||
23 | blood | *hla:c | PAN *daʀaq ? | ||
24 | head | *Curəwʔ | PAN *qulu ? | 1 | |
25 | neck | *ljoŋʔ | PAN *liqeʀ ? | ||
26 | hair | *hnom | |||
27 | nose | *kʰət | |||
28 | to breathe | *hwɯp | to inhale | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | *ɦa:y | |||
30 | mouth | *fa:k | PMP *baqbaq ? | ||
30 | mouth | *hməmʔ | |||
31 | tooth | *fjən | PAN *nipen ? | ||
32 | tongue | *hli:nʔ | 36 | ||
33 | to laugh | *ɾja:w | PAN *Cawa ? | ||
34 | to cry | *C-ŋi:ʔ | PAN *Caŋis | 1 | |
35 | to vomit | *fa:k | PAN *utaq ? | 1? | |
36 | to spit | *pʰ[w]iɦ | |||
37 | to eat | *kʰən | PAN *kaen | 1 | |
38 | to chew | *hŋa:ɲʔ | |||
39 | to cook | ||||
40 | to drink | *ru:nɦ | PMP *inum ? | ||
41 | to bite | *hŋa:ɲʔ | |||
42 | to suck | ||||
43 | ear | *ljəy | PAN *Caliŋa ? | ||
44 | to hear | *p-lɯ: | to listen | ||
45 | eye | *tʃʰa: | PAN *maCa | 1 | |
46 | to see | *C-la:yʔ | PAN *kita ? | ||
47 | to yawn | *hŋa:p | PAN *ma-Suab, *ma-Suaw | ||
47 | to yawn | *ka:w | |||
48 | to sleep | *hŋu:ɦ | |||
49 | to lie down | *hŋu:ɦ | |||
50 | to dream | *fən | PAN *Sepi | ||
51 | to sit | *tɕoŋʔ | PMP *tudan or Chinese ? | ||
52 | to stand | *tɕu:n | Chinese ? | ||
53 | person/human being | *[ʔ]a:w | PAN *Cau | 1 | |
54 | man/male | *pʰa:ʔ | |||
54 | man/male | *C-ma:n | |||
55 | woman/female | *hmi:ʔ | PAN *bahi ? | ||
56 | child | *hlɯ:k | PAN *aNak | 1 | |
56 | child | *C-lik | |||
57 | husband | ||||
58 | wife | *hmi:ʔ | = woman | ||
59 | mother | *hmi:ʔ | = woman | ||
60 | father | *pʰa:ʔ | |||
61 | house | *rɯ:n | PAN *ʀumaq ? | ||
61 | house | *p-loŋʔ | |||
62 | thatch/roof | ||||
63 | name | *pʰa:ŋ | |||
64 | to say | *ɾi:n | |||
65 | rope | *ɗə:y | PAN *CaliS ? | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | ||||
67 | to sew | *C-ɲəp | PAN *taSiq ? | ||
68 | needle | *hŋuc | |||
69 | to hunt | ||||
70 | to shoot | *hɲɯ: | PAN *panaq ? | ||
71 | to stab, pierce | ||||
72 | to hit | *tʰa[:]yɦ | |||
73 | to steal | *ljok | PAN *Cakaw ? | ||
74 | to kill | *C-ɦu:ʔ | |||
75 | to die, be dead | *hla:wɦ | |||
76 | to live, be alive | *Cuɾi:p | PAN *ma-qudip | 1 | |
77 | to scratch | *tʰa:w | |||
78 | to cut, hack | *rəp | |||
79 | stick/wood | ||||
80 | to split | ||||
81 | sharp | *tɕʰə:m | PAN *Cazem | 1 | |
82 | dull, blunt | *ɾja:k | |||
83 | to work | ||||
84 | to plant | *Cura: | PAN *mula | 1 | |
85 | to choose | *hləɲ | PAN *piliq ? | ||
86 | to grow | ||||
87 | to swell | *ʔun | |||
88 | to squeeze | ||||
89 | to hold | ||||
90 | to dig | *Ciɦut | |||
90 | to dig | *kʰuy | |||
90 | to dig | *ɦuyʔ | |||
91 | to buy | *tʃʰəc | |||
92 | to open, uncover | *tʰɯ:n | |||
93 | to pound, beat | *su:nʔ | |||
94 | to throw | *fit | to throw away; Greater Hlai | ||
95 | to fall | *tʰok | |||
96 | dog | *hma: | PAN *wasu ? | ||
97 | bird | *səc | |||
98 | egg | *hjɯ:m | |||
99 | feather | *Cuɦun | PMP *bulu ? | ||
100 | wing | *pʰi:k | PAN *paNid ? ; PMP *kapak | 1 | |
101 | to fly | *ɓin | |||
102 | rat | *hniw | |||
103 | meat/flesh | *rəmʔ | Greater Hlai | ||
104 | fat/grease | *ru:yʔ | |||
105 | tail | *tɕʰuc | |||
106 | snake | *lja:ɦ | PAN *Sulaʀ | 1 | |
107 | worm (earthworm) | *Cuɦən | PAN *kulay ? | ||
108 | louse | *tʃʰwəw | PAN *kuCu | 1 | |
109 | mosquito | *C-ɲu:ŋ | |||
110 | spider | *kʰu:ŋ | Central Hlai | ||
111 | fish | *hla: | |||
112 | rotten | *ʔɯ:nʔ | |||
113 | branch | *kʰa: | |||
114 | leaf | *ɓɯ: | |||
115 | root | *ri:w | PAN *ʀameC / PMP *uʀat ? | ||
116 | flower | *tʃʰ[e]:ŋ | |||
117 | fruit | *fa:k | PAN *buaq | 1 | |
118 | grass | *hŋənʔ | |||
119 | earth/soil | *Cuɾən | |||
120 | stone | *tɕʰi:n | |||
121 | sand | *pʰu:ɦ | |||
122 | water | *C-nəmʔ | PAN *daNum | 1 | |
123 | to flow | *C-ma:w | |||
124 | sea | ||||
125 | salt | *C-ɲa:wʔ | |||
126 | lake | ||||
127 | woods/forest | *rəŋ | |||
128 | sky | *fa:ʔ | |||
129 | moon | *C-ɲa:n | PAN *bulaN | 1 | |
130 | star | *ɾa:w | alternate gloss: sun; PAN 'sun' *qalejaw ? | 1 | |
131 | cloud | *ɗe:k | Central Hlai | ||
132 | fog | *Cuɦə:n | PMP 'cloud' *ʀabun ? | ||
133 | rain | *fun | PMP 'cloud' *ʀabun ? | ||
134 | thunder | *ʔom | |||
134 | thunder | *C-ɲa:mʔ | thunder god in Greater Hlai | ||
135 | lightning | *ljip | |||
136 | wind | *hwiw | PAN *bali ? | ||
137 | to blow | *ʔu:ɦ | |||
138 | warm | *hlunɦ | |||
139 | cold | *kʰa:yɦ | |||
140 | dry | *ɗa:w | |||
141 | wet | *hmənʔ | |||
142 | heavy | *kʰɯm | |||
143 | fire | *fi: | PAN *Sapuy | 1 | |
144 | to burn | *tɕʰuyʔ | |||
145 | smoke | *hjɯ:k | |||
145 | smoke | *ljɯ:k | |||
146 | ash | *su:ʔ | |||
147 | black | *ɗəmʔ | PMP *ma-qitem ? | 1 | |
148 | white | *kʰa:w | |||
149 | red | *ra:nʔ | PAN *ma-taNah / PMP *ma-iʀaq ? | ||
150 | yellow | *lja:ŋ | |||
151 | green | ||||
152 | small | *ʔinɦ | |||
153 | big | *C-luŋ | |||
154 | short | *tʰəc | Greater Hlai | ||
155 | long | *hna:wʔ | |||
156 | thin | *rɯ: | |||
157 | thick | *C-na: | |||
158 | narrow | *ɓi:p | |||
159 | wide | *ɓa:ŋ | |||
160 | painful, sick | *tʃʰok | |||
160 | painful, sick | *tɕʰok | |||
161 | shy, ashamed | *ri: | |||
162 | old | *hja: | |||
162 | old | *ki:nʔ | |||
163 | new | *hma:n | PAN *ma-baqeʀu ? | ||
164 | good | *hlin | |||
165 | bad, evil | *ɾja:k | |||
166 | correct, true | *ɗət | |||
167 | night | *tɕʰəp | |||
168 | day | *hŋwən | |||
169 | year | *hmu:ɦ | |||
170 | when? | ||||
171 | to hide | *C-ŋəw | |||
172 | to climb | *C-na:n | |||
173 | at | ||||
174 | in, inside | *ʔu:k | |||
175 | above | ||||
176 | below | ||||
177 | this | *C-ni:ɦ | PAN *i-ni | 1 | |
178 | that | *C-na: | 1 | ||
178 | that | *ɦɯ:ɦ | |||
178 | that | *C-ma:ɦ | |||
179 | near | *p-lɯ:ʔ | |||
180 | far | *C-ləy | |||
181 | where? | ||||
182 | I | *ɦu: | PAN *i-aku | 1 | |
183 | thou | *C-mɯ: | 1 | ||
184 | he/she | *C-na: | |||
185 | we | *fəw | exclusive; Central Hlai | ||
186 | you | *səw | 1 | ||
187 | they | *kʰun | |||
188 | what? | ||||
189 | who? | ||||
190 | other | *ʔa[:]w | other person | ||
191 | all | *ɓa:yʔ | |||
192 | and | *ʔu:ŋɦ | |||
193 | if | ||||
194 | how? | *ɾa: | |||
195 | no, not | *wi: | |||
196 | to count | *kʰa:yʔ | |||
197 | One | *tɕʰɯ: | PAN *isa | 1 | |
198 | Two | *hlu:ʔ | PAN *duSa | 16 | |
199 | Three | *tʃʰwuʔ | PAN *telu | 1 | |
200 | Four | *tʃʰa:wʔ | PAN *epat | ||
201 | Five | *hma: | PAN *lima | 1 | |
202 | Six | *hnom | 1 | ||
203 | Seven | *tʰu: | 1 | ||
204 | Eight | *ru: | 1 | ||
205 | Nine | *C-ßɯ:ʔ | 5 | ||
206 | Ten | *fu:t | 1 | ||
207 | Twenty | ||||
208 | Fifty | ||||
209 | One Hundred | *Cura:n | |||
210 | One Thousand | *C-ŋu:n |