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Language: Proto-Bungku-Tolaki

Source/Author:  David E. Mead 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:  Glottocode: bung1268 
Notes:  Mead, David E. 1998. Proto-Bungku-Tolaki: Reconstruction of its phonology and aspects of its morphosyntax. Ph.D. dissertation. Houston: Rice University.

The ° symbol means that although a final consonant has been reconstructed for the PAN and/or PMP forms, it has not yet been reconstructed in Proto-Bungku-Tolaki due to insufficient evidence. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu  Checked By:  
Statistics: 
  • Total Data: 205
  • Number of Retentions:
  • Number of Loans: 0
 
Classification:  Austronesian:MP:Celebic:Eastern:Southeastern:Bungku-Tolaki 
Map  Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing 3 of 5 entries. Show ALL logged changes

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand      
2 left      
8 to turn word info      
10 dirty      
25 neck      
29 to sniff, smell      
34 to cry      
35 to vomit      
36 to spit      
53 person/human being      
59 mother      
60 father      
67 to sew word info      
69 to hunt word info      
70 to shoot word info      
71 to stab, pierce      
73 to steal      
74 to kill      
82 dull, blunt      
83 to work word info      
85 to choose      
86 to grow word info      
89 to hold word info      
97 bird      
102 rat      
107 worm (earthworm)      
112 rotten word info      
114 leaf      
118 grass      
128 sky      
130 star      
134 thunder      
158 narrow      
161 shy, ashamed      
176 below      
177 this      
178 that      
179 near      
181 where? word info      
189 who? word info      
190 other      
191 all      
192 and      
193 if      
194 how? word info      
195 no, not      
207 Twenty word info      
208 Fifty word info      
4 leg/foot *karu°      
5 to walk *limpa°      
11 dust *awuQ      
13 back word info *bungku°      
16 intestines *kompoN stomach, intestines    
19 shoulder *owaRa (?)    
20 to know, be knowledgeable *toqori      
21 to think *hawa°      
22 to fear *meeq afraid    
23 blood *raRaq      
26 hair word info *wuuQ      
27 nose *enge°      
33 to laugh *gele to laugh, tickle    
38 to chew word info *mamak-i      
39 to cook word info *sakaN to boil, cook    
41 to bite *kaRa°      
41 to bite *kiki°      
42 to suck *sosoQ (?)    
42 to suck *osoQ      
44 to hear *podea°      
46 to see *ontoN      
47 to yawn *maa°      
49 to lie down word info *tinti-ngara° to lie supine    
51 to sit *totoro°      
52 to stand *tade°      
54 man/male *langkai great, male    
56 child *anaQ      
57 husband *rapuR spouse    
58 wife *rapuR spouse    
61 house *rahaN      
62 thatch/roof *atoQ roofing thatch    
63 name *ngeaN      
64 to say *tulura° to speak    
65 rope *koloro°      
65 rope *ula°      
66 to tie up, fasten *boke°      
68 needle *soyuN      
72 to hit word info *kona to hit, to touch    
72 to hit word info *tapak-i to strike with the hand    
72 to hit word info *wangku° to beat, to strike    
76 to live, be alive *tora alive    
77 to scratch word info *geru°      
78 to cut, hack word info *sese° to cut (through)    
78 to cut, hack word info *pole to fell    
78 to cut, hack word info *tueh-i to cut down    
80 to split word info *wotaQ      
81 sharp *tasoN      
84 to plant *paho°      
87 to swell word info *kambaN swelling    
88 to squeeze word info *asi°      
88 to squeeze word info *pio° squeeze in hand    
88 to squeeze word info *pisiQ squeeze between the fingers    
90 to dig *keke°      
91 to buy *oli°      
92 to open, uncover *wawaq opening    
93 to pound, beat word info *tutuk-i      
94 to throw word info *rodo°      
95 to fall word info *tonda°      
95 to fall word info *donta°      
96 dog *dahu°      
100 wing *paniy      
101 to fly *laloy      
101 to fly *laa°      
106 snake *saa python    
109 mosquito *buroto°      
109 mosquito *niniQ      
110 spider *kangga°      
113 branch word info *sampaQ      
115 root *hakaQ      
116 flower *bunga°      
116 flower *wulele°      
117 fruit *wuaq      
119 earth/soil *w(i,u)taq      
122 water word info *iwoi°      
123 to flow *waaq      
124 sea *tahiQ      
125 salt *ohia      
127 woods/forest *inalahi      
127 woods/forest *toqolo°      
131 cloud word info *seruN      
131 cloud word info *kundoN rain cloud    
135 lightning *kilaQ      
136 wind *pua°      
137 to blow word info *puur-i      
138 warm word info *kulaQ hot    
139 cold word info *riniN cold (as of water)    
140 dry word info *tuquR      
141 wet *bahoq      
141 wet *bonto°      
142 heavy *beaQ      
142 heavy *tondu°      
144 to burn word info *hai      
144 to burn word info *-ai      
144 to burn word info *hunuR      
147 black *itoN      
149 red *meaq      
150 yellow *kuni°      
151 green *uso      
152 small *hiwu°      
153 big *owose° big, large    
154 short word info *putu°      
155 long word info *taa°      
156 thin word info *nipiQ      
157 thick word info *kapa°      
157 thick word info *balo° fat, thick    
159 wide *lua°      
160 painful, sick *hakiQ      
163 new *sarai°      
163 new *tonia° new, young    
164 good *moiko° good, appealing    
165 bad, evil *saqoQ bad, ugly    
166 correct, true *tuqu true, real    
166 correct, true *kona true, right    
167 night *w(i,o)ngi°      
168 day *oleo      
170 when? word info *in-ipiaN past    
170 when? word info *te-ipiaN future    
172 to climb word info *pone° to ascend, to climb (as a tree)    
174 in, inside *laroN      
174 in, inside *unoy inside    
180 far *olai°      
185 we word info *to inclusive    
185 we word info *ki exclusive    
196 to count *doa°      
197 One word info *ho special form occurring only with *puluq 'ten'    
200 Four word info *o-o(m)paQ independent numeral    
201 Five word info *o-lima independent numeral    
202 Six word info *o-onoN independent numeral    
203 Seven word info *o-pitu independent numeral    
204 Eight word info *hoalu independent numeral    
209 One Hundred word info *etu°      
210 One Thousand word info *sowu      
3 right *hanaN   1  
3 right *-anaN   1  
6 road/path *salaN   1  
7 to come *mai   1  
9 to swim *(l,n)anguy   1  
12 skin *kuliQ   1  
14 belly *tiaN   1  
17 liver *ate   1  
18 breast *susu (?) 1  
18 breast *uhu (?) 1  
24 head *ulu   1  
28 to breathe *naa   1  
33 to laugh *taa   1  
37 to eat *kaaN   1  
40 to drink *inuN   1  
44 to hear *rongoR   1  
45 eye *mata   1  
46 to see *kita   1  
48 to sleep *turuR   1  
55 woman/female *wai   1  
75 to die, be dead *mate dead 1  
79 stick/wood *kayu wood 1  
84 to plant *pombula to plant (in garden) 1  
98 egg *itoluR   1  
99 feather *wulu   1  
105 tail *ikuR   1  
108 louse word info *kutu   1  
111 fish *ikaN   1  
120 stone *watu   1  
121 sand *one   1  
126 lake *rano   1  
129 moon *wulaN   1  
132 fog *gawu   1  
133 rain *usaN   1  
143 fire *apuy   1  
146 ash *awu   1  
148 white *pute   1  
162 old word info *tuqa   1  
165 bad, evil *saqaQ bad, ugly 1  
169 year *taquN   1  
171 to hide word info *wuni   1  
182 I *ku   1  
188 what? word info *hapa   1  
197 One word info *asa both independent and bound 1  
198 Two word info *o-rua independent numeral 1  
198 Two word info *rua bound numeral 1  
199 Three word info *o-tolu independent numeral 1  
199 Three word info *tolu bound numeral 1  
200 Four word info *pato bound numeral 1  
201 Five word info *lima bound numeral 1  
202 Six word info *nomo bound numeral 1  
203 Seven word info *pitu bound numeral 1  
184 he/she *i   1, 22  
50 to dream *ipi   1, 42  
187 they *ro   1, 52  
15 bone *wuku bone, seed 16  
30 mouth *ngusu snout 2  
106 snake *ule   2  
145 smoke word info *ahu   2  
175 above *wawo above, upper portion/surface 2  
173 at *ri   20  
104 fat/grease *tabaq body fat 23  
31 tooth *ngisi   24  
43 ear *biriN ear, edge 26  
186 you *mi   26  
39 to cook word info *nahu to cook (by boiling) 3  
204 Eight word info *halu bound numeral 3  
103 meat/flesh *ihi contents, flesh 31  
183 thou *u   34  
32 tongue *elo°   4  
205 Nine word info *o-sio independent numeral 5  
205 Nine word info *sio bound numeral 5  
206 Ten word info *puluq   5  

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