Language: Proto-Bungku-Tolaki
| Source/Author: | David E. Mead |
|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: bung1268 |
| Notes: | Mead, David E. 1998. Proto-Bungku-Tolaki: Reconstruction of its phonology and aspects of its morphosyntax. Ph.D. dissertation. Houston: Rice University. The ° symbol means that although a final consonant has been reconstructed for the PAN and/or PMP forms, it has not yet been reconstructed in Proto-Bungku-Tolaki due to insufficient evidence. |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: |
| Statistics: |
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| Classification: | Austronesian:MP:Celebic:Eastern:Southeastern:Bungku-Tolaki |
| Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
- Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 5 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-10-11 05:24:26)
- Changed #198825 from "*tonda° ~ *donta°", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2016-07-02 17:25:13)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-09 08:46:34)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand | |
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| 2 | left | |
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| 8 | to turn
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| 10 | dirty | |
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| 25 | neck | |
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| 29 | to sniff, smell | |
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| 34 | to cry | |
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| 35 | to vomit | |
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| 36 | to spit | |
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| 53 | person/human being | |
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| 59 | mother | |
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| 60 | father | |
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| 67 | to sew
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| 69 | to hunt
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| 70 | to shoot
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| 71 | to stab, pierce | |
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| 73 | to steal | |
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| 74 | to kill | |
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| 82 | dull, blunt | |
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| 83 | to work
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| 85 | to choose | |
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| 86 | to grow
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| 89 | to hold
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| 97 | bird | |
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| 102 | rat | |
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| 107 | worm (earthworm) | |
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| 112 | rotten
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| 114 | leaf | |
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| 118 | grass | |
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| 128 | sky | |
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| 130 | star | |
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| 134 | thunder | |
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| 158 | narrow | |
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| 161 | shy, ashamed | |
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| 176 | below | |
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| 177 | this | |
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| 178 | that | |
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| 179 | near | |
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| 181 | where?
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| 189 | who?
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| 190 | other | |
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| 191 | all | |
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| 192 | and | |
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| 193 | if | |
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| 194 | how?
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| 195 | no, not | |
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| 207 | Twenty
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| 208 | Fifty
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| 4 | leg/foot | *karu° | |||
| 5 | to walk | *limpa° | |||
| 11 | dust | *awuQ | |||
| 13 | back
|
*bungku° | |||
| 16 | intestines | *kompoN | stomach, intestines | ||
| 19 | shoulder | *owaRa | (?) | ||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | *toqori | |||
| 21 | to think | *hawa° | |||
| 22 | to fear | *meeq | afraid | ||
| 23 | blood | *raRaq | |||
| 26 | hair
|
*wuuQ | |||
| 27 | nose | *enge° | |||
| 33 | to laugh | *gele | to laugh, tickle | ||
| 38 | to chew
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*mamak-i | |||
| 39 | to cook
|
*sakaN | to boil, cook | ||
| 41 | to bite | *kaRa° | |||
| 41 | to bite | *kiki° | |||
| 42 | to suck | *sosoQ | (?) | ||
| 42 | to suck | *osoQ | |||
| 44 | to hear | *podea° | |||
| 46 | to see | *ontoN | |||
| 47 | to yawn | *maa° | |||
| 49 | to lie down
|
*tinti-ngara° | to lie supine | ||
| 51 | to sit | *totoro° | |||
| 52 | to stand | *tade° | |||
| 54 | man/male | *langkai | great, male | ||
| 56 | child | *anaQ | |||
| 57 | husband | *rapuR | spouse | ||
| 58 | wife | *rapuR | spouse | ||
| 61 | house | *rahaN | |||
| 62 | thatch/roof | *atoQ | roofing thatch | ||
| 63 | name | *ngeaN | |||
| 64 | to say | *tulura° | to speak | ||
| 65 | rope | *koloro° | |||
| 65 | rope | *ula° | |||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | *boke° | |||
| 68 | needle | *soyuN | |||
| 72 | to hit
|
*kona | to hit, to touch | ||
| 72 | to hit
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*tapak-i | to strike with the hand | ||
| 72 | to hit
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*wangku° | to beat, to strike | ||
| 76 | to live, be alive | *tora | alive | ||
| 77 | to scratch
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*geru° | |||
| 78 | to cut, hack
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*sese° | to cut (through) | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
*pole | to fell | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
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*tueh-i | to cut down | ||
| 80 | to split
|
*wotaQ | |||
| 81 | sharp | *tasoN | |||
| 84 | to plant | *paho° | |||
| 87 | to swell
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*kambaN | swelling | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
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*asi° | |||
| 88 | to squeeze
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*pio° | squeeze in hand | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
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*pisiQ | squeeze between the fingers | ||
| 90 | to dig | *keke° | |||
| 91 | to buy | *oli° | |||
| 92 | to open, uncover | *wawaq | opening | ||
| 93 | to pound, beat
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*tutuk-i | |||
| 94 | to throw
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*rodo° | |||
| 95 | to fall
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*tonda° | |||
| 95 | to fall
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*donta° | |||
| 96 | dog | *dahu° | |||
| 100 | wing | *paniy | |||
| 101 | to fly | *laloy | |||
| 101 | to fly | *laa° | |||
| 106 | snake | *saa | python | ||
| 109 | mosquito | *buroto° | |||
| 109 | mosquito | *niniQ | |||
| 110 | spider | *kangga° | |||
| 113 | branch
|
*sampaQ | |||
| 115 | root | *hakaQ | |||
| 116 | flower | *bunga° | |||
| 116 | flower | *wulele° | |||
| 117 | fruit | *wuaq | |||
| 119 | earth/soil | *w(i,u)taq | |||
| 122 | water
|
*iwoi° | |||
| 123 | to flow | *waaq | |||
| 124 | sea | *tahiQ | |||
| 125 | salt | *ohia | |||
| 127 | woods/forest | *inalahi | |||
| 127 | woods/forest | *toqolo° | |||
| 131 | cloud
|
*seruN | |||
| 131 | cloud
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*kundoN | rain cloud | ||
| 135 | lightning | *kilaQ | |||
| 136 | wind | *pua° | |||
| 137 | to blow
|
*puur-i | |||
| 138 | warm
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*kulaQ | hot | ||
| 139 | cold
|
*riniN | cold (as of water) | ||
| 140 | dry
|
*tuquR | |||
| 141 | wet | *bahoq | |||
| 141 | wet | *bonto° | |||
| 142 | heavy | *beaQ | |||
| 142 | heavy | *tondu° | |||
| 144 | to burn
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*hai | |||
| 144 | to burn
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*-ai | |||
| 144 | to burn
|
*hunuR | |||
| 147 | black | *itoN | |||
| 149 | red | *meaq | |||
| 150 | yellow | *kuni° | |||
| 151 | green | *uso | |||
| 152 | small | *hiwu° | |||
| 153 | big | *owose° | big, large | ||
| 154 | short
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*putu° | |||
| 155 | long
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*taa° | |||
| 156 | thin
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*nipiQ | |||
| 157 | thick
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*kapa° | |||
| 157 | thick
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*balo° | fat, thick | ||
| 159 | wide | *lua° | |||
| 160 | painful, sick | *hakiQ | |||
| 163 | new | *sarai° | |||
| 163 | new | *tonia° | new, young | ||
| 164 | good | *moiko° | good, appealing | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | *saqoQ | bad, ugly | ||
| 166 | correct, true | *tuqu | true, real | ||
| 166 | correct, true | *kona | true, right | ||
| 167 | night | *w(i,o)ngi° | |||
| 168 | day | *oleo | |||
| 170 | when?
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*in-ipiaN | past | ||
| 170 | when?
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*te-ipiaN | future | ||
| 172 | to climb
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*pone° | to ascend, to climb (as a tree) | ||
| 174 | in, inside | *laroN | |||
| 174 | in, inside | *unoy | inside | ||
| 180 | far | *olai° | |||
| 185 | we
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*to | inclusive | ||
| 185 | we
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*ki | exclusive | ||
| 196 | to count | *doa° | |||
| 197 | One
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*ho | special form occurring only with *puluq 'ten' | ||
| 200 | Four
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*o-o(m)paQ | independent numeral | ||
| 201 | Five
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*o-lima | independent numeral | ||
| 202 | Six
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*o-onoN | independent numeral | ||
| 203 | Seven
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*o-pitu | independent numeral | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
*hoalu | independent numeral | ||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
*etu° | |||
| 210 | One Thousand
|
*sowu | |||
| 3 | right | *hanaN | 1 | ||
| 3 | right | *-anaN | 1 | ||
| 6 | road/path | *salaN | 1 | ||
| 7 | to come | *mai | 1 | ||
| 9 | to swim | *(l,n)anguy | 1 | ||
| 12 | skin | *kuliQ | 1 | ||
| 14 | belly | *tiaN | 1 | ||
| 17 | liver | *ate | 1 | ||
| 18 | breast | *susu | (?) | 1 | |
| 18 | breast | *uhu | (?) | 1 | |
| 24 | head | *ulu | 1 | ||
| 28 | to breathe | *naa | 1 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | *taa | 1 | ||
| 37 | to eat | *kaaN | 1 | ||
| 40 | to drink | *inuN | 1 | ||
| 44 | to hear | *rongoR | 1 | ||
| 45 | eye | *mata | 1 | ||
| 46 | to see | *kita | 1 | ||
| 48 | to sleep | *turuR | 1 | ||
| 55 | woman/female | *wai | 1 | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | *mate | dead | 1 | |
| 79 | stick/wood | *kayu | wood | 1 | |
| 84 | to plant | *pombula | to plant (in garden) | 1 | |
| 98 | egg | *itoluR | 1 | ||
| 99 | feather | *wulu | 1 | ||
| 105 | tail | *ikuR | 1 | ||
| 108 | louse
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*kutu | 1 | ||
| 111 | fish | *ikaN | 1 | ||
| 120 | stone | *watu | 1 | ||
| 121 | sand | *one | 1 | ||
| 126 | lake | *rano | 1 | ||
| 129 | moon | *wulaN | 1 | ||
| 132 | fog | *gawu | 1 | ||
| 133 | rain | *usaN | 1 | ||
| 143 | fire | *apuy | 1 | ||
| 146 | ash | *awu | 1 | ||
| 148 | white | *pute | 1 | ||
| 162 | old
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*tuqa | 1 | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | *saqaQ | bad, ugly | 1 | |
| 169 | year | *taquN | 1 | ||
| 171 | to hide
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*wuni | 1 | ||
| 182 | I | *ku | 1 | ||
| 188 | what?
|
*hapa | 1 | ||
| 197 | One
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*asa | both independent and bound | 1 | |
| 198 | Two
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*o-rua | independent numeral | 1 | |
| 198 | Two
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*rua | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 199 | Three
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*o-tolu | independent numeral | 1 | |
| 199 | Three
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*tolu | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 200 | Four
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*pato | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 201 | Five
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*lima | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 202 | Six
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*nomo | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 203 | Seven
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*pitu | bound numeral | 1 | |
| 184 | he/she | *i | 1, 22 | ||
| 50 | to dream | *ipi | 1, 42 | ||
| 187 | they | *ro | 1, 52 | ||
| 15 | bone | *wuku | bone, seed | 16 | |
| 30 | mouth | *ngusu | snout | 2 | |
| 106 | snake | *ule | 2 | ||
| 145 | smoke
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*ahu | 2 | ||
| 175 | above | *wawo | above, upper portion/surface | 2 | |
| 173 | at | *ri | 20 | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | *tabaq | body fat | 23 | |
| 31 | tooth | *ngisi | 24 | ||
| 43 | ear | *biriN | ear, edge | 26 | |
| 186 | you | *mi | 26 | ||
| 39 | to cook
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*nahu | to cook (by boiling) | 3 | |
| 204 | Eight
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*halu | bound numeral | 3 | |
| 103 | meat/flesh | *ihi | contents, flesh | 31 | |
| 183 | thou | *u | 34 | ||
| 32 | tongue | *elo° | 4 | ||
| 205 | Nine
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*o-sio | independent numeral | 5 | |
| 205 | Nine
|
*sio | bound numeral | 5 | |
| 206 | Ten
|
*puluq | 5 |





