Language: Proto-Hlai (Ostapirat)
Source/Author: | Weera Ostapirat |
Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: hlai1238 |
Notes: | Ostapirat, Weera. 2004. "Proto-Hlai Sound System and Lexicons." In 林英津 / Yingjin Lin, et. al (eds.) 2004. 漢藏語研究: 龔煌城先生七秩壽慶論文集 [Studies on Sino-Tibetan languages: Papers in honor of Professor Hwang-cherng Gong on his Seventieth birthday]. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: |
Statistics: |
-
Total Data: 162
- Number of Retentions:
- Number of Loans: 0
|
Classification: | Tai-Kadai:Hlai |
Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 2 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed "classification" from "" - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-10 08:33:54)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-10 08:33:14)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
175 |
above |
*anɨ A |
|
32 |
|
191 |
all |
|
|
|
|
192 |
and |
|
|
|
|
146 |
ash |
*sa:u C |
|
43 |
|
173 |
at |
|
|
|
|
13 |
back
|
*ʔdu:n |
The form may go back to *ʔidu:n C, based on evidence from Cun /tsuən3/ 'back' |
|
|
165 |
bad, evil |
|
|
|
|
14 |
belly |
*amuk |
stomach |
46 |
|
176 |
below |
|
|
|
|
153 |
big |
*luŋ A |
|
58 |
|
97 |
bird |
*sac |
|
38 |
|
147 |
black |
*(ʔ)dam C |
|
1 |
|
23 |
blood |
*ala:c |
|
28 |
|
15 |
bone |
*urɨ:k |
|
1? |
|
113 |
branch
|
*ka A |
|
27 |
|
113 |
branch
|
*ŋa:m B |
|
|
|
18 |
breast |
*apan C |
chest |
|
|
56 |
child |
*alɨ:k |
|
1 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
*apa C |
cloud, sky |
70 |
|
139 |
cold
|
*ka:i B |
|
67 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
|
|
|
|
168 |
day |
*awan A |
|
41 |
|
10 |
dirty |
|
|
|
|
96 |
dog |
*ama A |
|
61 |
|
140 |
dry
|
*kal B |
|
|
|
140 |
dry
|
*(ʔ)da:u A |
|
64 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
|
|
|
|
11 |
dust |
|
|
|
|
43 |
ear |
*ilai A |
|
29 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
|
|
|
|
98 |
egg |
*ajɨ:m A |
|
43 |
|
204 |
Eight
|
*aRu A |
cf walu (LS) |
1 |
|
45 |
eye |
*ata A |
|
1 |
|
180 |
far |
*lai A |
|
54 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
*aRu:i C |
|
|
|
60 |
father |
*pa C |
male, father |
26 |
|
99 |
feather |
|
|
|
|
208 |
Fifty
|
|
|
|
|
143 |
fire |
*api A |
|
1 |
|
111 |
fish |
*ala A |
|
67 |
|
201 |
Five
|
*ama A |
|
1 |
|
116 |
flower |
*ata:ŋ A |
|
47 |
|
132 |
fog |
*ukən A |
cloud |
48 |
|
132 |
fog |
*aŋa:u C |
cloud, shadow |
|
|
200 |
Four
|
*atəu C |
|
10 |
|
117 |
fruit |
*atəm A |
fruit |
25 |
|
117 |
fruit |
*ma:k |
fruit (flesh) |
24 |
|
164 |
good |
*alin A |
|
84 |
|
118 |
grass |
|
|
|
|
151 |
green |
*ki:u A |
|
50 |
|
26 |
hair
|
*uku:n A |
|
|
|
1 |
hand |
*mɨ A |
|
1 |
|
184 |
he/she |
|
|
|
|
24 |
head |
*uRəu C |
|
1 |
|
142 |
heavy |
*kɨn A |
|
43 |
|
61 |
house |
*arɨ:n A |
|
|
|
61 |
house |
*pəluŋ C |
|
38 |
|
194 |
how?
|
|
|
|
|
57 |
husband |
*alɨ A |
|
|
|
182 |
I |
*aku A |
|
1 |
|
193 |
if |
|
|
|
|
174 |
in, inside |
|
|
|
|
16 |
intestines |
*ara:i C |
|
46 |
|
126 |
lake |
|
|
|
|
114 |
leaf |
*bɨ A |
|
2? |
|
2 |
left |
*awi:ŋ A |
|
48 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
*kuk |
|
31 |
|
135 |
lightning |
*alip |
|
55 |
|
17 |
liver |
*ŋa:n A |
|
|
|
155 |
long
|
*ana:u C |
|
1 |
|
108 |
louse
|
*utu A |
head louse |
1 |
|
108 |
louse
|
*tan A |
body louse |
|
|
54 |
man/male |
*ma:n A |
male (person) |
52? |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
|
|
|
|
129 |
moon |
*ɲa:n A |
|
42 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
*ɲu:ŋ A |
|
58 |
|
59 |
mother |
*amai C |
female, mother |
39 |
|
30 |
mouth |
*amam C |
|
19 |
|
63 |
name |
*pa:ŋ A |
|
14 |
|
158 |
narrow |
*(ʔ)bi:p |
|
42 |
|
179 |
near |
*pəlal C |
|
|
|
25 |
neck |
*iluŋ C |
|
50 |
|
68 |
needle |
*aŋuc |
|
8 |
|
163 |
new |
*ala:u C |
|
|
|
163 |
new |
*ama:n A |
|
27 |
|
163 |
new |
*nəu C |
|
30 |
|
167 |
night |
*cap |
|
38 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
*upal C |
5? LS |
5? |
|
195 |
no, not |
|
|
|
|
27 |
nose |
*kat |
nose |
13 |
|
27 |
nose |
*(ʔ)daŋ A |
face |
1 |
|
162 |
old
|
*kau B |
old (generic) |
93 |
|
162 |
old
|
*aja A |
old (person) |
|
|
197 |
One
|
*cɨ C |
|
1 |
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
*uRa:n A |
|
30 |
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
|
|
|
|
190 |
other |
|
|
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
*(i)tuk |
|
63 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
*(ʔ)kun A |
person |
|
|
53 |
person/human being |
*alai A |
people |
|
|
133 |
rain |
*apun A |
|
37 |
|
102 |
rat |
*aniu A |
|
59? |
|
149 |
red |
|
|
|
|
3 |
right |
|
|
|
|
6 |
road/path |
*gu:n A |
|
27? |
|
115 |
root |
|
|
|
|
65 |
rope |
*də:i A |
rope, hemp |
16 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
*tui A |
to rot |
63 |
|
125 |
salt |
*ɲa:u C |
|
23 |
|
121 |
sand |
|
|
|
|
124 |
sea |
|
|
|
|
203 |
Seven
|
*ʔtu A |
|
1 |
|
81 |
sharp |
*cəm A |
|
|
|
154 |
short
|
*tal C |
short (height) |
|
|
19 |
shoulder |
*aʋa B |
|
1 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
|
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
*(ə)num A |
|
1 |
|
12 |
skin |
*nəŋ A |
|
56 |
|
128 |
sky |
*apa C |
cloud, sky |
48 |
|
152 |
small |
|
|
|
|
145 |
smoke
|
|
|
|
|
106 |
snake |
*ila B |
|
1 |
|
110 |
spider |
|
|
|
|
130 |
star |
*ara:u A |
|
1 |
|
79 |
stick/wood |
*ca:k |
wood |
|
|
120 |
stone |
*ci:n A |
|
28 |
|
105 |
tail |
*cuc |
|
16? |
|
206 |
Ten
|
*apu:c |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
*ma B |
|
22 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
|
|
|
|
187 |
they |
|
|
|
|
157 |
thick
|
*na A |
|
47 |
|
156 |
thin
|
*aRɨ A |
|
37 |
|
177 |
this |
*ni B |
|
1 |
|
183 |
thou |
*mɨ A |
|
1 |
|
199 |
Three
|
*utu C |
|
1? |
|
134 |
thunder |
*arəŋ A |
thunder, noise |
1? |
|
41 |
to bite |
|
|
|
|
137 |
to blow
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
to breathe |
|
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
*ʔcui C |
to burn |
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
*ʔbaŋ A |
to burn, ignite |
|
|
91 |
to buy |
*atac |
|
34 |
|
38 |
to chew
|
*sa:k |
|
39 |
|
85 |
to choose |
|
|
|
|
172 |
to climb
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
to come |
*(ə)mɨ:n A |
|
1? |
|
39 |
to cook
|
*arəŋ A |
|
61 |
|
196 |
to count |
|
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
|
|
|
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
*(ʔ)bi:u C |
|
|
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
*ala:u B |
|
29 |
|
90 |
to dig |
|
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
*apan A |
|
8 |
|
40 |
to drink |
*ika:u A |
|
21 |
|
37 |
to eat |
|
|
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
*ʔtuk |
|
76 |
|
22 |
to fear |
*(ʔ)da C |
|
11 |
|
123 |
to flow |
|
|
|
|
101 |
to fly |
*(ʔ)bin A |
|
54 |
|
86 |
to grow
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
*pəlɨ A |
|
24 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
*maɲ A |
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
*(ʔ)ta:i B |
|
14 |
|
89 |
to hold
|
*amək |
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
*aRip |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
*akau C |
|
38 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
*(ʔ)ku:ŋ |
|
54 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
|
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
|
|
|
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
*uri:p |
raw |
1 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
|
|
|
|
84 |
to plant |
*uRa A ~ *uga A |
to plant, sow |
1 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
*lu:n A |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
|
|
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
to see |
*la:i C |
|
54 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
*ɲap |
|
29 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
|
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
*juŋ C |
|
27 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
*(ə)ŋɨu B |
|
67 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
*jən A |
to sleep, doze off |
|
|
48 |
to sleep |
*ŋut |
|
|
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
*aka:i A |
|
58 |
|
36 |
to spit |
|
|
|
|
80 |
to split
|
|
|
|
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
|
|
|
|
52 |
to stand |
*ju:n A |
|
43 |
|
73 |
to steal |
*iluk |
|
34 |
|
42 |
to suck |
*iru:c |
|
|
|
87 |
to swell
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
to swim |
*pəli A |
|
|
|
21 |
to think |
|
|
|
|
94 |
to throw
|
|
|
|
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*apət |
to tie |
67 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
*ŋən B |
to tie, fasten |
|
|
8 |
to turn
|
|
|
|
|
35 |
to vomit |
*apa:k |
|
2 |
|
5 |
to walk |
*api A |
to go, walk |
86 |
|
83 |
to work
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
to yawn |
*ga:u A |
|
|
|
47 |
to yawn |
*aŋa:p |
|
18 |
|
32 |
tongue |
*ali:n C |
|
36 |
|
31 |
tooth |
*ipan A |
|
1 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
|
|
|
|
198 |
Two
|
*alau C |
could be set 1 (LS) |
16 |
|
138 |
warm
|
*utau C |
|
68 |
|
122 |
water
|
*nam C |
|
1 |
|
185 |
we
|
*aRau A |
|
11 |
|
141 |
wet |
*aman C |
|
56 |
|
188 |
what?
|
|
|
|
|
170 |
when?
|
|
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
|
|
|
|
148 |
white |
*ka:u A |
|
62 |
|
189 |
who?
|
|
|
|
|
159 |
wide |
|
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
|
|
|
|
136 |
wind |
*awiu A |
|
59? |
|
136 |
wind |
*awət |
also means 'ghost, spirit', cf. PAN *qanitu 'spirit, soul' |
59 |
|
100 |
wing |
*pi:k |
|
55 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
*(ʔ)kəu B |
|
22 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
*aRaŋ A |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
*kəŋ A |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
*da:u C |
forest, hill |
|
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*ikan B |
insect, worm |
30 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
*awi:u B |
worm (small) |
40 |
|
169 |
year |
|
|
|
|
150 |
yellow |
*ila:ŋ A |
|
56 |
|
186 |
you |
|
|
|
|