Austronesian

Basic Vocabulary Database

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Language: Proto-Ainu

Resources:

•  Ethnologue Information for ain
•  OLAC Information for ain
•  World Atlas of Language Structures Information for ain
•  [Suggest a resource]

Change History:

Showing 3 of 5 entries. Show ALL logged changes

• Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2023-01-24 04:14:21)
• Changed "source" from "@book{28432, address = {Leiden}, pages = {219}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Brill's Japanese Studies Library}, title = {A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu}, volume = {4}, year = {1993}, bibtexkey = {vovin_reconstruction-ainu1993}, class_loc = {PL495.1}, document_type = {B}, fn = {eurasia\vovin_proto-ainu1993.pdf, eurasia\vovin_proto-ainu1993_o.pdf}, hhtype = {overview;comparative}, inlg = {English [eng]}, inlg_code = {eng}, isbn = {90-04-09905-0, 9789004099050}, macro_area = {Eurasia}, mpi_eva_library_shelf = {PL 495 .1 VOV 1993}, src = {hh, mpieva}, srctrickle = {hh#hv:Vovin:Proto-Ainu:1993, mpieva#Vovin1993Areconst}, subject_headings = {Ainu language–Phonology, Ainu language–Vocabulary, Ainu language–Etymology, Ainu language–Phonology – Ainu language–Vocabulary – Ainu language–Etymology}, author = {Vovin, Alexander} }" - Simon Greenhill (2021-01-20 02:13:39)
• Changed "classification" from "languages isolate" - Simon Greenhill (2021-01-20 02:13:39)

Entries:

ID:	Word:	Item:	Annotation:	Cognacy:	Loan:
8	to turn
10	dirty
12	skin
20	to know, be knowledgeable
21	to think
41	to bite
42	to suck
69	to hunt
74	to kill
82	dull, blunt
83	to work
84	to plant
89	to hold
93	to pound, beat
94	to throw
100	wing
109	mosquito
110	spider
113	branch
127	woods/forest
134	thunder
150	yellow
155	long
159	wide
161	shy, ashamed
166	correct, true
172	to climb
173	at
181	where?
184	he/she
185	we
187	they
190	other
191	all
192	and
193	if
194	how?
195	no, not
196	to count
208	Fifty
210	One Thousand
6	road/path	*truu
9	to swim	*maa
29	to sniff, smell	*rak
31	tooth	*nii
34	to cry	*tis
37	to eat	*EE
38	to chew	*kuy
40	to drink	*kuu
53	person/human being	*kur
59	mother	*nOrnO ~ *narna
71	to stab, pierce	*tiqu
72	to hit	*kik
91	to buy	*gOk
108	louse	*ki
115	root	*=rit
119	earth/soil	*tOy
123	to flow	*mOm
126	lake	*tOO
130	star	*nOOti(=)qu
139	cold	*mEE=
152	small	*pOn
154	short	*tak
165	bad, evil	*hdEn
167	night	*an
168	day	*tOO
170	when?	*gEm=pa=ra
182	I	*an= ~ *a=
198	Two	*tuu=
199	Three	*dE=
207	Twenty	*gOt
209	One Hundred	*ik
129	moon	*tiqu(=)p	'moon', 'month', 'sun'
104	fat/grease	*sum	'oil (as food)'
104	fat/grease	*kEE	'oil (as food)', 'fat'
120	stone	*pOqina	'stone'
7	to come	*sa=	'to come, go out' (Jap deru)
44	to hear	*nuu	'to hear', 'to listen'
70	to shoot	*tyOrtya	'to shoot (from the bow)', 'to hit (the mark)'
79	stick/wood	*nii	'tree'
118	grass	*mun	'[inedible] grass'
200	Four	*pOqOn	(?), uncommon form
15	bone	*ponE	< *PJap *pone [LL] 'bone'
24	head	*sa	H
75	to die, be dead	*day	H
92	to open, uncover	*m[r]Ak=	H
140	dry	*sat	H
174	in, inside	*ma=k	H
206	Ten	*hdan=	H
36	to spit	*top(=)sE	H(-)L
164	good	*pir(=)ka	H(-)L
141	wet	*tOn(=)rE	H(-)L, 'to get wet'
122	water	*pE	H, 'sap', 'water'
19	shoulder	*kup	H, 'shoulder'
128	sky	*nis	H, 'sky', 'cloud'
131	cloud	*nis	H, 'sky', 'cloud'
147	black	*kur=	H, < Old Jap. kurwo= ?
17	liver	*ra	H, possible form: *da ?
2	left	*gar=ke	H-L
49	to lie down	*gOt=kE	H-L
85	to choose	*num=kE	H-L
112	rotten	*gOr=sE	H-L
122	water	*hdak=ka	H-L
158	narrow	*gop=nE	H-L
162	old	*Or=nE	H-L
179	near	*gan=kE	H-L
125	salt	*rur=nu	H-L, 'to be salty', possible form: *dur=nu ?
76	to live, be alive	*gik(=)nu	H-L; possible forms: *sik(=)nu ~ *hik(=)nu ?
18	breast	*tOO[C]	HH
102	rat	*Erum	HH
59	mother	*gaa(=)pO	HH(-)L
1	hand	*askE	HL
5	to walk	*apkas	HL
13	back	*Osma=k	HL
16	intestines	*kankan	HL
60	father	*miti	HL
63	name	*dEE	HL
73	to steal	*ihka	HL
116	flower	*nOrnO	HL
128	sky	*kantO	HL
133	rain	*aptO	HL
180	far	*tuyma	HL
189	who?	*gu[n]na	HL
54	man/male	*Okkay(O)	HL(L)
11	dust	*sirma	HL, 'dust', 'dirt', possible forms: *girma ~ *hirma ?
45	eye	*nuu	HL, 'eye'
104	fat/grease	*kirpu	HL, 'fat', 'grease'
160	painful, sick	*arka	HL, 'painful'
125	salt	*sippO	HL, 'salt'
56	child	*pOO	HL, 'son', 'child'
145	smoke	*paa	HL, 'steam', 'smoke'
169	year	*paa	HL, 'year', 'age'
53	person/human being	*aynu	HL, < *a(n)=inu ?
201	Five	*aski ~ *asik	HL, LH (respectively)
3	right	*sii	HL, possible forms: *gii ~ *hii ?
143	fire	*unti	HL, uncommon form
47	to yawn	*maqu=s=Ok	HL-L
200	Four	*ii=nE=	HL-L
28	to breathe	*gEEsE	HLL
33	to laugh	*miina	HLL
95	to fall	*gaatir	HLL
106	snake	*tOkkOni	HLL
132	fog	*Huurar	HLL
136	wind	*dEEra	HLL
142	heavy	*paasE	HLL
146	ash	*uu[y]na	HLL
149	red	*guurE	HLL
151	green	*siqunin	HLL, 'green / blue', possible forms: *giqunin ~ *hiqunin
138	warm	*sEEsEk	HLL, 'to grow hot', 'to be hot'
1	hand	*tE(=)k	L		L
23	blood	*kEm	L
24	head	*pa	L
30	mouth	*prAA=	L
48	to sleep	*mO	L
65	rope	*tus	L
66	to tie up, fasten	*köt=	L
68	needle	*kem	L
80	to split	*pEr=	L
86	to grow	*=tuk=	L
87	to swell	*gup	L
88	to squeeze	*num=	L
90	to dig	*=ür=	L
95	to fall	*tyuk	L
97	bird	*ti=	L
99	feather	*trAp	L
103	meat/flesh	*kam	L
114	leaf	*hrA=	L
117	fruit	*num	L
174	in, inside	*Or	L
176	below	*prO=k	L
177	this	*ta=	L
178	that	*to=	L
182	I	*ku=	L
183	thou	*E=	L
148	white	*dE(=)tar	L(-)H
39	to cook	*su(=)gE ~ *su(=)kE	L(-)H, possible form: *su(=)qE ?
66	to tie up, fasten	*sïn(=)a	L(-)H, possible forms: *gïn(=)a ~ *hïn(=)a ?
81	sharp	*E(=)qEn	L(-)H; possible form: *E(=)gEn ?
31	tooth	*ima(=)k	L(-)L
16	intestines	*tuy	L, 'belly', 'intestines'
14	belly	*gOn	L, 'belly', 'stomach'
105	tail	*is	L, 'bird's tail'
98	egg	*nOk	L, 'egg', 'testicles'
175	above	*ka	L, 'on', 'above'
19	shoulder	*tap	L, 'shoulder', 'upper arm'
105	tail	*sAr	L, 'tail'
55	woman/female	*mat	L, 'woman', 'wife'
58	wife	*mat	L, 'woman', 'wife'
45	eye	*sik	L, possible forms: *gik ~ *hik ?
46	to see	*nu=kar	L-H
67	to sew	*nïn=u	L-H
70	to shoot	*E=ak	L-H
156	thin	*kap=ar	L-H, 'to be thin (and flat)'
78	to cut, hack	*pët=u	L-H, 'to cut', 'to split'
86	to grow	*gik(=)up	L-H, possible forms: *sik(=)up ~ *hik(=)up ?
188	what?	*gEm=an=ta	L-H-L
64	to say	*i=EE	L-HL
25	neck	*dE=kut	L-L
101	to fly	*hO=pun=i	L-L-H, singular, 'to fly', 'to get up'
35	to vomit	*atu	LH
50	to dream	*takar	LH
50	to dream	*tarap	LH
59	mother	*unu	LH
61	house	*tisE	LH
62	thatch/roof	*kitay	LH
70	to shoot	*tukan	LH
112	rotten	*munin	LH
121	sand	*Ota	LH
130	star	*kEta	LH
137	to blow	*uku	LH
144	to burn	*uguy	LH
153	big	*pOrO	LH
163	new	*asir	LH
189	who?	nEE=	LH
96	dog	*gita	LH (< *LL ?)
11	dust	*pa[s]na	LH, 'dust', 'dirt'
107	worm (earthworm)	*imO(=)k	LH, 'earthworm'
120	stone	*sirar	LH, 'rock', possible forms: *girar ~ hirar ?
116	flower	*Epuy	LH, 'sprout, bud, flower'
14	belly	*pisE	LH, 'stomach'
120	stone	*suma	LH, 'stone'
160	painful, sick	*tasum	LH, 'to get sick'
107	worm (earthworm)	*kiki(=)r	LH, 'worm', 'insect', 'bug'
118	grass	*kina	LH, '[edible] grass'
143	fire	*apE	LH, < *apOy ?
4	leg/foot	*tikir	LH, < *ti=kir ?
60	father	*Ona	LH, possible form: *ona ?
197	One	*si=nE=	LH, possible forms: *gi=nE= ~ *hi=nE= ?
157	thick	*irOr=nE	LH-L, 'to be thick (and flat)'; possible form: *irOt=nE ?
106	snake	*Oyaqu	LHL
202	Six	*ii=hdan=	lit. 'four-ten'
205	Nine	*si=nE=pE=hdan	lit. 'one-ten'
203	Seven	*a=d[E]=hdan	lit. 'three-ten'
204	Eight	*tu=pE=hdan	lit. 'two-ten'
4	leg/foot	*kEma	LL
13	back	*sEtur	LL
15	bone	*kEqu	LL
26	hair	*EtOp	LL
26	hair	*numa	LL
27	nose	*Etu	LL
32	tongue	*agu	LL
43	ear	*kisAr	LL
57	husband	*hOku	LL
111	fish	*tiqEp	LL
124	sea	*atuy	LL
186	you	*Eti=	LL
4	leg/foot	*urE	LL, 'foot'
79	stick/wood	*tiku=	LL, 'tree'
50	to dream	*tinita	LLH
56	child	*hEkati	LLH
60	father	*aatya	LLH
135	lightning	*imEru	LLH
145	smoke	*sipuya	LLH, 'smoke', possible forms: *gipuya ~ *hipuya ?
120	stone	*hdatara	LLH, 'stone', 'cliff'
77	to scratch	*kiiki	LLH, < *kii=kii ?
22	to fear	*sitOma	LLH, possible forms: *gitOma ~ *hitOma ?
52	to stand	*rOs=ki	plural, HL
51	to sit	*rOk	plural, possible form: *dOk ?
1	hand	*mOn	possible form: *mon ?
7	to come	*Eg	singular
51	to sit	*aa	singular
52	to stand	*as	singular
101	to fly	*paar=aC=sE	to fly
171	to hide	*nuyna	transitive, < *nu=ina ?

© 2003-2024: Simon J. Greenhill , Robert Blust, & Russell Gray. (0.02249)

Please cite: Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Max Planck EVA Imprint/Impressum.