Austronesian

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Language: Proto-Ainu

Resources:

•  Ethnologue Information for ain
•  OLAC Information for ain
•  World Atlas of Language Structures Information for ain
•  [Suggest a resource]

Change History:

Showing 3 of 5 entries. Show ALL logged changes

• Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2023-01-24 04:14:21)
• Changed "source" from "@book{28432, address = {Leiden}, pages = {219}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Brill's Japanese Studies Library}, title = {A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu}, volume = {4}, year = {1993}, bibtexkey = {vovin_reconstruction-ainu1993}, class_loc = {PL495.1}, document_type = {B}, fn = {eurasia\vovin_proto-ainu1993.pdf, eurasia\vovin_proto-ainu1993_o.pdf}, hhtype = {overview;comparative}, inlg = {English [eng]}, inlg_code = {eng}, isbn = {90-04-09905-0, 9789004099050}, macro_area = {Eurasia}, mpi_eva_library_shelf = {PL 495 .1 VOV 1993}, src = {hh, mpieva}, srctrickle = {hh#hv:Vovin:Proto-Ainu:1993, mpieva#Vovin1993Areconst}, subject_headings = {Ainu language–Phonology, Ainu language–Vocabulary, Ainu language–Etymology, Ainu language–Phonology – Ainu language–Vocabulary – Ainu language–Etymology}, author = {Vovin, Alexander} }" - Simon Greenhill (2021-01-20 02:13:39)
• Changed "classification" from "languages isolate" - Simon Greenhill (2021-01-20 02:13:39)

Entries:

ID:	Word:	Item:	Annotation:	Cognacy:	Loan:
8	to turn
10	dirty
12	skin
20	to know, be knowledgeable
21	to think
41	to bite
42	to suck
69	to hunt
74	to kill
82	dull, blunt
83	to work
84	to plant
89	to hold
93	to pound, beat
94	to throw
100	wing
109	mosquito
110	spider
113	branch
127	woods/forest
134	thunder
150	yellow
155	long
159	wide
161	shy, ashamed
166	correct, true
172	to climb
173	at
181	where?
184	he/she
185	we
187	they
190	other
191	all
192	and
193	if
194	how?
195	no, not
196	to count
208	Fifty
210	One Thousand
115	root	*=rit
86	to grow	*=tuk=	L
90	to dig	*=ür=	L
81	sharp	*E(=)qEn	L(-)H; possible form: *E(=)gEn ?
183	thou	*E=	L
70	to shoot	*E=ak	L-H
37	to eat	*EE
7	to come	*Eg	singular
116	flower	*Epuy	LH, 'sprout, bud, flower'
102	rat	*Erum	HH
26	hair	*EtOp	LL
186	you	*Eti=	LL
27	nose	*Etu	LL
132	fog	*Huurar	HLL
54	man/male	*Okkay(O)	HL(L)
60	father	*Ona	LH, possible form: *ona ?
174	in, inside	*Or	L
162	old	*Or=nE	H-L
13	back	*Osma=k	HL
121	sand	*Ota	LH
106	snake	*Oyaqu	LHL
203	Seven	*a=d[E]=hdan	lit. 'three-ten'
51	to sit	*aa	singular
60	father	*aatya	LLH
32	tongue	*agu	LL
167	night	*an
182	I	*an= ~ *a=
143	fire	*apE	LH, < *apOy ?
5	to walk	*apkas	HL
133	rain	*aptO	HL
160	painful, sick	*arka	HL, 'painful'
52	to stand	*as	singular
163	new	*asir	LH
1	hand	*askE	HL
201	Five	*aski ~ *asik	HL, LH (respectively)
35	to vomit	*atu	LH
124	sea	*atuy	LL
53	person/human being	*aynu	HL, < *a(n)=inu ?
148	white	*dE(=)tar	L(-)H
199	Three	*dE=
25	neck	*dE=kut	L-L
63	name	*dEE	HL
136	wind	*dEEra	HLL
75	to die, be dead	*day	H
28	to breathe	*gEEsE	HLL
188	what?	*gEm=an=ta	L-H-L
170	when?	*gEm=pa=ra
91	to buy	*gOk
14	belly	*gOn	L, 'belly', 'stomach'
112	rotten	*gOr=sE	H-L
207	Twenty	*gOt
49	to lie down	*gOt=kE	H-L
59	mother	*gaa(=)pO	HH(-)L
95	to fall	*gaatir	HLL
179	near	*gan=kE	H-L
2	left	*gar=ke	H-L
76	to live, be alive	*gik(=)nu	H-L; possible forms: *sik(=)nu ~ *hik(=)nu ?
86	to grow	*gik(=)up	L-H, possible forms: *sik(=)up ~ *hik(=)up ?
96	dog	*gita	LH (< *LL ?)
158	narrow	*gop=nE	H-L
189	who?	*gu[n]na	HL
87	to swell	*gup	L
149	red	*guurE	HLL
56	child	*hEkati	LLH
101	to fly	*hO=pun=i	L-L-H, singular, 'to fly', 'to get up'
57	husband	*hOku	LL
165	bad, evil	*hdEn
122	water	*hdak=ka	H-L
206	Ten	*hdan=	H
120	stone	*hdatara	LLH, 'stone', 'cliff'
114	leaf	*hrA=	L
64	to say	*i=EE	L-HL
73	to steal	*ihka	HL
202	Six	*ii=hdan=	lit. 'four-ten'
200	Four	*ii=nE=	HL-L
209	One Hundred	*ik
135	lightning	*imEru	LLH
107	worm (earthworm)	*imO(=)k	LH, 'earthworm'
31	tooth	*ima(=)k	L(-)L
157	thick	*irOr=nE	LH-L, 'to be thick (and flat)'; possible form: *irOt=nE ?
105	tail	*is	L, 'bird's tail'
104	fat/grease	*kEE	'oil (as food)', 'fat'
23	blood	*kEm	L
4	leg/foot	*kEma	LL
15	bone	*kEqu	LL
130	star	*kEta	LH
175	above	*ka	L, 'on', 'above'
103	meat/flesh	*kam	L
16	intestines	*kankan	HL
128	sky	*kantO	HL
156	thin	*kap=ar	L-H, 'to be thin (and flat)'
68	needle	*kem	L
108	louse	*ki
77	to scratch	*kiiki	LLH, < *kii=kii ?
72	to hit	*kik
107	worm (earthworm)	*kiki(=)r	LH, 'worm', 'insect', 'bug'
118	grass	*kina	LH, '[edible] grass'
104	fat/grease	*kirpu	HL, 'fat', 'grease'
43	ear	*kisAr	LL
62	thatch/roof	*kitay	LH
182	I	*ku=	L
19	shoulder	*kup	H, 'shoulder'
53	person/human being	*kur
147	black	*kur=	H, < Old Jap. kurwo= ?
40	to drink	*kuu
38	to chew	*kuy
66	to tie up, fasten	*köt=	L
139	cold	*mEE=
48	to sleep	*mO	L
123	to flow	*mOm
1	hand	*mOn	possible form: *mon ?
92	to open, uncover	*m[r]Ak=	H
174	in, inside	*ma=k	H
9	to swim	*maa
47	to yawn	*maqu=s=Ok	HL-L
55	woman/female	*mat	L, 'woman', 'wife'
58	wife	*mat	L, 'woman', 'wife'
33	to laugh	*miina	HLL
60	father	*miti	HL
118	grass	*mun	'[inedible] grass'
112	rotten	*munin	LH
130	star	*nOOti(=)qu
98	egg	*nOk	L, 'egg', 'testicles'
116	flower	*nOrnO	HL
59	mother	*nOrnO ~ *narna
31	tooth	*nii
79	stick/wood	*nii	'tree'
128	sky	*nis	H, 'sky', 'cloud'
131	cloud	*nis	H, 'sky', 'cloud'
46	to see	*nu=kar	L-H
117	fruit	*num	L
88	to squeeze	*num=	L
85	to choose	*num=kE	H-L
26	hair	*numa	LL
44	to hear	*nuu	'to hear', 'to listen'
45	eye	*nuu	HL, 'eye'
171	to hide	*nuyna	transitive, < *nu=ina ?
67	to sew	*nïn=u	L-H
122	water	*pE	H, 'sap', 'water'
80	to split	*pEr=	L
56	child	*pOO	HL, 'son', 'child'
152	small	*pOn
200	Four	*pOqOn	(?), uncommon form
120	stone	*pOqina	'stone'
153	big	*pOrO	LH
24	head	*pa	L
11	dust	*pa[s]na	LH, 'dust', 'dirt'
145	smoke	*paa	HL, 'steam', 'smoke'
169	year	*paa	HL, 'year', 'age'
101	to fly	*paar=aC=sE	to fly
142	heavy	*paasE	HLL
164	good	*pir(=)ka	H(-)L
14	belly	*pisE	LH, 'stomach'
15	bone	*ponE	< *PJap *pone [LL] 'bone'
30	mouth	*prAA=	L
176	below	*prO=k	L
78	to cut, hack	*pët=u	L-H, 'to cut', 'to split'
51	to sit	*rOk	plural, possible form: *dOk ?
52	to stand	*rOs=ki	plural, HL
17	liver	*ra	H, possible form: *da ?
29	to sniff, smell	*rak
125	salt	*rur=nu	H-L, 'to be salty', possible form: *dur=nu ?
105	tail	*sAr	L, 'tail'
138	warm	*sEEsEk	HLL, 'to grow hot', 'to be hot'
13	back	*sEtur	LL
24	head	*sa	H
7	to come	*sa=	'to come, go out' (Jap deru)
140	dry	*sat	H
197	One	*si=nE=	LH, possible forms: *gi=nE= ~ *hi=nE= ?
205	Nine	*si=nE=pE=hdan	lit. 'one-ten'
3	right	*sii	HL, possible forms: *gii ~ *hii ?
45	eye	*sik	L, possible forms: *gik ~ *hik ?
125	salt	*sippO	HL, 'salt'
145	smoke	*sipuya	LLH, 'smoke', possible forms: *gipuya ~ *hipuya ?
151	green	*siqunin	HLL, 'green / blue', possible forms: *giqunin ~ *hiqunin
120	stone	*sirar	LH, 'rock', possible forms: *girar ~ hirar ?
11	dust	*sirma	HL, 'dust', 'dirt', possible forms: *girma ~ *hirma ?
22	to fear	*sitOma	LLH, possible forms: *gitOma ~ *hitOma ?
39	to cook	*su(=)gE ~ *su(=)kE	L(-)H, possible form: *su(=)qE ?
104	fat/grease	*sum	'oil (as food)'
120	stone	*suma	LH, 'stone'
66	to tie up, fasten	*sïn(=)a	L(-)H, possible forms: *gïn(=)a ~ *hïn(=)a ?
1	hand	*tE(=)k	L		L
126	lake	*tOO
168	day	*tOO
18	breast	*tOO[C]	HH
106	snake	*tOkkOni	HLL
141	wet	*tOn(=)rE	H(-)L, 'to get wet'
119	earth/soil	*tOy
177	this	*ta=	L
154	short	*tak
50	to dream	*takar	LH
19	shoulder	*tap	L, 'shoulder', 'upper arm'
50	to dream	*tarap	LH
160	painful, sick	*tasum	LH, 'to get sick'
97	bird	*ti=	L
4	leg/foot	*tikir	LH, < *ti=kir ?
79	stick/wood	*tiku=	LL, 'tree'
50	to dream	*tinita	LLH
111	fish	*tiqEp	LL
71	to stab, pierce	*tiqu
129	moon	*tiqu(=)p	'moon', 'month', 'sun'
34	to cry	*tis
61	house	*tisE	LH
178	that	*to=	L
36	to spit	*top(=)sE	H(-)L
99	feather	*trAp	L
6	road/path	*truu
204	Eight	*tu=pE=hdan	lit. 'two-ten'
70	to shoot	*tukan	LH
65	rope	*tus	L
198	Two	*tuu=
16	intestines	*tuy	L, 'belly', 'intestines'
180	far	*tuyma	HL
70	to shoot	*tyOrtya	'to shoot (from the bow)', 'to hit (the mark)'
95	to fall	*tyuk	L
144	to burn	*uguy	LH
137	to blow	*uku	LH
143	fire	*unti	HL, uncommon form
59	mother	*unu	LH
4	leg/foot	*urE	LL, 'foot'
146	ash	*uu[y]na	HLL
189	who?	nEE=	LH

© 2003-2024: Simon J. Greenhill , Robert Blust, & Russell Gray. (0.02178)

Please cite: Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Max Planck EVA Imprint/Impressum.