Language: Gelao (Niupo)
| Source/Author: | Zhang Jimin | |
|---|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:giw Glottocode: whit1267 | |
| Notes: | ISO 639-3: gio Gelao is a Kra language similar to Buyang and Qabiao. There are currently around 500,000 Gelao residing mostly in Guizhou, China. Data collected from Niupo village (牛坡村) is used. This dialect is spoken in Liuzhi Special District (六枝特区), Guizhou, China by the White Gelao, or Duolou (to31 ʔlo55) people. Ostapirat classifies this variant as Southwestern Gelao. Source: 张済民/Zhang Jimin. 仡佬语研究/Gelao yu yan jiu (A Study of Gelao). 贵阳市/Guiyang, China: 贵州民族出版社/Guizhou min zu chu ban she, 1993. Zhang's book always uses "ɑ" but not "a." Here, "a" is always used in place of "ɑ." PAN & PMP reconstructions, given for reference, are not necessarily potential cognates. | |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: | |
| Statistics: |
| |
| Classification: | Tai-Kadai:Kra:Western Kra | |
| Map | ||
Resources:
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Judu)- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Hongfeng)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Fengyan)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Wantao)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Yueliangwan)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Dagouchang)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Moji)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao, Hongfeng
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Gelao (Heijiaoyan)
- Ethnologue Information for giw
- OLAC Information for giw
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[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing all of 23 entries
- Changed from "te31 ngɛ35", source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 27) - Simon Greenhill (2011-05-19 11:53:53)
- Changed "classification" from "Tai-Kadai, Kadai, Ge-Yang" - Simon Greenhill (2011-01-03 11:20:40)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 107) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:42:36)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 100) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:42:04)
- Source: Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 140) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:25:35)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 65) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:24:31)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 85) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:23:05)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 38) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:21:44)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu: (Word 93) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:21:06)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 67) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:20:34)
- Changed from "qə33 mlɯ31", updating annotation (Word 172) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:20:09)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 144) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:19:20)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 174) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:18:56)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 176) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:18:32)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 175) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:18:12)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 80) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:17:22)
- Changed from "fei31" (Word 80) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:17:12)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 125) - Simon Greenhill (2010-12-15 23:16:32)
- Changed #178999 from "ʔvu33", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-29 09:56:22)
- Source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 23) - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-21 20:46:35)
- Changed from "ma33 no3", source: Andrew C. Hsiu (Word 97) - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 22:32:16)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:07:52)
- Language Added - Simon Greenhill (2010-11-18 00:07:46)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 175 | above | qɯ55 zu55 | |||
| 191 | all | tsi55 | the numeral "one" is also used to mean "all" | ||
| 192 | and | ɬiaɯ35 | |||
| 146 | ash |  |
|||
| 173 | at | aŋ31 | |||
| 13 | back
|
taŋ35 kaŋ53 | |||
| 165 | bad, evil | vu31 a35 | PAN *kuya ? | 2? | |
| 14 | belly | pu33 ɬaŋ33 | PAN *tiaN ? | ||
| 176 | below | qɛ53 tsei31 | |||
| 153 | big | dzuŋ31 | |||
| 97 | bird | ma33 no35 | PMP *manuk | 1 | |
| 147 | black | (tsɛ35) lu55 | PAN *CeŋeN ? | ||
| 23 | blood | pla35 | |||
| 15 | bone | qa33 qei31 de13 | Mulao: qu24 za53 | ||
| 113 | branch
|
|
|||
| 18 | breast | pa31 pa35 | PAN *nunu/*susu ? | ||
| 56 | child | la35 lie55 | PAN *aNak ? | ||
| 131 | cloud
|
qə33 pu55 | PMP *ʀabun ? | 1? | |
| 139 | cold
|
qə33 ʑi13 | |||
| 166 | correct, true | dɯ31 ŋɯ35 | |||
| 168 | day | uŋ31 | |||
| 168 | day | lu55 vu55 | sun, PAN *qalejaw ? | ||
| 10 | dirty | |
|||
| 96 | dog | ṃɯ31 | PAN *wasu ? | ||
| 140 | dry
|
sen55 | |||
| 82 | dull, blunt | |
|||
| 11 | dust | |
|||
| 43 | ear | pa35 vei31 | |||
| 119 | earth/soil | lu35 | |||
| 119 | earth/soil | pu31 daɯ35 | |||
| 98 | egg | pa33 tuŋ53 | |||
| 204 | Eight
|
he31 | Chinese origin; Lachi: ŋuɛ31 | ||
| 45 | eye | mu33 tɯ31 | PAN *maCa | 1 | |
| 180 | far | |
|||
| 104 | fat/grease | mlaŋ31 | oil; PAN *Simaʀ ? | ||
| 60 | father | a55 ba33 | 14 | ||
| 99 | feather | qa33 mei35 | |||
| 208 | Fifty
|
|
|||
| 143 | fire | pie33 | PAN *Sapuy | 1 | |
| 111 | fish | ma55 liɯ31 | |||
| 201 | Five
|
mlɯ31 | PAN *lima | 1 | |
| 116 | flower | hu55 ŋo53 | PMP *buŋa | 1 | |
| 132 | fog | |
|||
| 200 | Four
|
pu55 | PAN *epat | 11 | |
| 117 | fruit | ma35 | PAN *buaq | 1 | |
| 164 | good | gei55 | |||
| 118 | grass | ȵu35 | |||
| 151 | green | lɯ55 ŋɯ55 | |||
| 26 | hair
|
qə33 suŋ31 | PAN *bukeS ?; Lachi: mɛ31 ɕaŋ55 | ||
| 1 | hand | pa31 mi31 | PAN *(qa)lima ? | 1 | |
| 184 | he/she | (aɯ31) mi35 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns | ||
| 24 | head | tɛ31 lui35 | PAN *qulu | 1? | |
| 142 | heavy | guŋ31 guŋ31 | |||
| 61 | house | ʔlei31 | PAN *ʀumaq / PMP *balay ? | ||
| 194 | how?
|
ɕaŋ55 aŋ31 | |||
| 57 | husband | la31 ba31 | |||
| 182 | I | (aɯ31) ei33 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns | ||
| 193 | if | |
|||
| 174 | in, inside | ʔlei53 | |||
| 16 | intestines | qa33 ɕe33 | PAN *Cinaqi ? | ||
| 126 | lake | |
|||
| 114 | leaf | dʑi31 dʑi31 | |||
| 2 | left | zɯ31 | PAN *ka-wiʀi ? | 46 | |
| 4 | leg/foot | qo35 | PAN *qaqay? | 42 | |
| 135 | lightning | |
|||
| 17 | liver | tie35 | PAN *qaCay ? | ||
| 155 | long
|
lui33 | PAN *inaduq ? | ||
| 108 | louse
|
tuŋ53 | PAN *kuCu ?; Buyang: qa0 tu54 | 1? | |
| 54 | man/male | paɯ55 ʔlo55 | PAN *ma-ʀuqaNay ? | ||
| 103 | meat/flesh | ʔvu33 | |||
| 129 | moon | pu31 dʑi31 | month; PAN *bulaN ?; Moji Gelao: bə0 dʑi31 | 1? | |
| 109 | mosquito | qa33 ʑu55 | |||
| 59 | mother | a55 mi55 | |||
| 30 | mouth | |
|||
| 63 | name | ne31 | PAN *ŋajan ? | ||
| 158 | narrow | ŋaŋ31 | |||
| 179 | near | qə33 lu55 | PAN *ma-azaNih ? | ||
| 25 | neck | taŋ31 laŋ31 | PAN *liqeʀ ? | ||
| 68 | needle | lei35 | |||
| 163 | new | |
|||
| 167 | night | vei31 | PAN *beʀŋi ? | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
kɯ31 | Chinese origin; Lachi: liu35 | L | |
| 195 | no, not | ma55 | |||
| 195 | no, not | o55 | used after predicate | ||
| 27 | nose | te31 ŋɛ35 | PAN *mujiŋ / PMP *ijuŋ ? | ||
| 162 | old
|
ʔʑɯ55 | PAN *ma-tuqaS ? | ||
| 197 | One
|
tsi55 | 1 | ||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
liɯ35 | |||
| 210 | One Thousand
|
ŋan55 | |||
| 190 | other | |
|||
| 160 | painful, sick | qa33 ze33 | sickness; PMP*ma-sakit ? | ||
| 53 | person/human being | qa33 tshu35 | PAN *Cau ? | 1? | |
| 53 | person/human being | to55 o55 | other people 人家 | ||
| 133 | rain | man31 | PAN *quzaN ? | ||
| 102 | rat | ɬei55 | PAN *labaw ? | ||
| 149 | red | pla31 die35 | PAN *ma-taNah ? | 2? | |
| 3 | right | tsɯ31 | PAN *ka-wanaN ? | 46 | |
| 6 | road/path | qə33 ʔlan31 | PAN *zalan | 1 | |
| 115 | root | tsu31 tsu31 | |||
| 65 | rope | mei31 ʑa35 | string | ||
| 65 | rope | pei31 zo31 | rope | ||
| 112 | rotten
|
|
|||
| 125 | salt | qa33 ȵɯ33 | |||
| 121 | sand | |
|||
| 124 | sea | |
|||
| 203 | Seven
|
hei31 | Chinese origin; Lachi: tie35 | ||
| 81 | sharp | |
|||
| 154 | short
|
ṇei35 ṇei31 | |||
| 19 | shoulder | ku33 plaŋ31 | |||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | |
|||
| 202 | Six
|
tɕɯ31 | Chinese origin; Lachi: ȵang31 | ||
| 12 | skin | mu33 qu35 | |||
| 128 | sky | lui31 lui31 | PAN *laŋiC ? | 1? | |
| 152 | small | plei31 ple35 | |||
| 145 | smoke
|
xei31 | |||
| 106 | snake | ma55 ŋɯ31 | |||
| 110 | spider | |
|||
| 130 | star | duŋ31 dɛ55 | PAN *bituqen ? | 1? | |
| 79 | stick/wood | dɯ13 lu31 tsu35 | |||
| 120 | stone | eŋ53 | PAN *batu ? | ||
| 120 | stone | puŋ31 eŋ55 | |||
| 105 | tail | |
|||
| 206 | Ten
|
tshei55 | Chinese origin; Lachi: pɛ31 | ||
| 178 | that | bɯ35 | |||
| 62 | thatch/roof | |
|||
| 187 | they | ti55 ma55 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns | ||
| 157 | thick
|
qə33 ŋie35 | PAN *ma-kaSepal ? | ||
| 156 | thin
|
vu33 | |||
| 156 | thin
|
qə33 ʑi31 | |||
| 177 | this | ȵi35 | PAN *i-ni | 1 | |
| 183 | thou | (aɯ31) mɯ31 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns | 1? | |
| 199 | Three
|
ta31 | PAN *telu | 1 | |
| 134 | thunder | |
|||
| 41 | to bite | tsaŋ55 | |||
| 137 | to blow
|
|
|||
| 28 | to breathe | |
|||
| 144 | to burn
|
plan55 | |||
| 91 | to buy | tsei31 | |||
| 38 | to chew
|
qə33 qɛ35 | PAN *qelqel | ||
| 85 | to choose | plɛ35 | PAN *piliq | 1 | |
| 85 | to choose | ɬei31 ɬei55 | |||
| 172 | to climb
|
qə33 mlɯ31 | to ascend a house | ||
| 7 | to come | do31 | to come | ||
| 7 | to come | ta31 | to arrive | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
tuŋ35 | PAN *tanek ? | ||
| 196 | to count | du55 | |||
| 34 | to cry | |
|||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
tɛ55 | PMP *taʀaq ? | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
tshɛ35 | |||
| 75 | to die, be dead | plan31 | PAN *p-aCay ? | ||
| 90 | to dig | kei31 kei35 | PAN *kalih ? | 1? | |
| 50 | to dream | laŋ31 pla31 | PAN *Sepi ? | ||
| 40 | to drink | zan55 | |||
| 37 | to eat | ka31 | PAN *kaen | 1 | |
| 95 | to fall
|
to35 | |||
| 22 | to fear | pu33 lɯ31 | |||
| 123 | to flow | ɬei33 ɬei33 | PAN *qaluʀ ? | ||
| 101 | to fly | paɯ31 paɯ35 | |||
| 86 | to grow
|
|
|||
| 44 | to hear | ȵuŋ35 | PAN *tumaNa / PMP *deŋeʀ ? | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
qɯ53 pi53 | |||
| 72 | to hit
|
ʔlɯ35 | PAN *palu ? | 1? | |
| 89 | to hold
|
|
|||
| 69 | to hunt
|
|
|||
| 74 | to kill | zen31 | |||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | sɯ31 | |||
| 33 | to laugh | |
|||
| 49 | to lie down
|
|
|||
| 76 | to live, be alive | puŋ55 | |||
| 92 | to open, uncover | vu31 ha31 | to open a door; PMP *buka | 1 | |
| 84 | to plant | |
|||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
tan55 | |||
| 64 | to say | ɕi31 | PMP *kaʀi ? | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
|
|||
| 46 | to see | qə33 lɯ35 | PAN *kita ? | ||
| 46 | to see | qa31 qa35 | |||
| 67 | to sew
|
kaŋ55 | |||
| 70 | to shoot
|
|
|||
| 51 | to sit | qaɯ33 | |||
| 48 | to sleep | ŋu35 | |||
| 29 | to sniff, smell | |
|||
| 36 | to spit | qə33 thu35 | PMP *luzaq ? | ||
| 80 | to split
|
fei31 | to separate, PMP *belaq ? | ||
| 80 | to split
|
pla35 | |||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
|
|||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | |
|||
| 52 | to stand | lo35 tsi31 | PAN *diʀi ? | ||
| 73 | to steal | lan55 | |||
| 42 | to suck | tsi35 | PAN *sepsep ? | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
|
|||
| 9 | to swim | |
|||
| 21 | to think | |
|||
| 94 | to throw
|
ʔʑaɯ31 | PMP *tudaq ? | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | |
|||
| 8 | to turn
|
|
|||
| 35 | to vomit | qə33 ta35 | PAN *utaq, why?, initial q not explained | 1 | |
| 5 | to walk | bi31 | |||
| 83 | to work
|
|
|||
| 47 | to yawn | |
|||
| 32 | tongue | dɯ35 maɯ31 | PAN *Sema ? | 1 | |
| 31 | tooth | plaŋ31 | PAN *nipen | 1 | |
| 207 | Twenty
|
ŋɯ31 tshei35 | Chinese origin | ||
| 198 | Two
|
sɯ31 | PAN *duSa | 1 | |
| 138 | warm
|
qə33 den31 | |||
| 122 | water
|
eŋ55 | |||
| 185 | we
|
ti55 to31 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns | ||
| 141 | wet | tsaɯ35 | PMP *ma-baseq or Chinese ? | ||
| 188 | what?
|
vu33 tɕe55 | |||
| 170 | when?
|
|
|||
| 181 | where?
|
|
|||
| 148 | white | paɯ31 paɯ35 | PAN *ma-puNi ? | 1? | |
| 189 | who?
|
kan53 na55 | |||
| 159 | wide | tsə33 | |||
| 58 | wife | lɯ55 mi55 | |||
| 136 | wind | vei55 ʑuŋ31 | PAN *bali ? | ||
| 100 | wing | lui31 lui31 qɛ33 | |||
| 55 | woman/female | ma55 ʔlo55 | PAN *bahi ?; Lachi: pu33 li13 mia33 | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | ti31 | tree | ||
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | ŋɯ31 kɯ33 tɕi55 | |||
| 169 | year | hei31 | |||
| 169 | year | plei31 | |||
| 150 | yellow | tin55 ȵi55 | PMP *ma-kunij ? | ||
| 186 | you | ti55 tɕo31 | compare with Austronesian clitic pronouns |
