Language: Rukai (Budai F69)
Source/Author: | Ferrell (1969) | |
---|---|---|
Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:dru Glottocode: ruka1240 | |
Notes: | Ferrell, R.(1969). Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in cultural and linguistic classification. Monograph 17: Institute of Ethnology, Academica Sinica | |
Problems: | Some slightly different cognacy - see annotations column. Andreea: replaced /đ/ with /ð/ (cf. book). | |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Simon Greenhill Checked By: Simon Greenhill | |
Statistics: |
| |
Classification: | Austronesian:Rukai | |
Map |
Resources:
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Tanan L04)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Budai L04)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Maga L04)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Tona)
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Mantauran L04)
- Ethnologue Information for dru
- OLAC Information for dru
- World Atlas of Language Structures Information for ruk
- [Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 14 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Malcolm Ross (2016-06-10 11:41:43)
- Changed from "várig'" (Word 136) - Emily Gasser (2015-09-28 02:10:18)
- Changed from "sulan" (Word 106) - Emily Gasser (2015-07-22 14:01:36)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | hand | ʔa:rimáʔ | 1 | ||
1 | hand | sətapai | |||
1 | hand | arema | 1 | ||
2 | left | viríʔ | 1 | ||
3 | right | vanál | 1 | ||
4 | leg/foot | dapal' | 55 | ||
4 | leg/foot | daʔal' | 55 | ||
4 | leg/foot | tsapku | |||
4 | leg/foot | amou | |||
5 | to walk | udadawác' | 23 | ||
6 | road/path | kaur'á | 42 | ||
6 | road/path | kaələa | 42 | ||
6 | road/path | kadarananə | 1 | ||
7 | to come | niamá' | |||
7 | to come | wakə:la | 39 | ||
8 | to turn | maliuliús | 2 | ||
9 | to swim | walaŋúi | 1 | ||
10 | dirty | malisíʔ | |||
11 | dust | səvə́g' | |||
12 | skin | ikid' | 62 | ||
13 | back | dərə́k' | 71 | ||
14 | belly | baráŋ' | 67 | ||
15 | bone | ||||
16 | intestines | boʔóroʔ | 53 | ||
17 | liver | ʔatái | 1 | ||
18 | breast | totóʔ | 1 | ||
19 | shoulder | livadáŋ | 49 | ||
19 | shoulder | tabalaŋa | 7 | ||
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | watiŋál' | 71 | ||
21 | to think | kiarəm'rə́m' | looks like this form is entered wrong. | 13 | |
22 | to fear | mok'lə́d' | 57 | ||
23 | blood | ərái | 40 | ||
24 | head | ʔáoloʔ | 1 | ||
24 | head | kapallu | Skt kapala 'skull' | 45 | L |
25 | neck | rə'əʔ | 1 | ||
25 | neck | rolun | |||
25 | neck | ourohu | |||
26 | hair | isí'oʔ | 50 | ||
26 | hair | ussioi | 50 | ||
27 | nose | ŋuŋu'á | 28? | ||
27 | nose | coumonu | |||
27 | nose | ongoho | [AF] isn't it cognate with #27 *ŋusu? | 27? | |
28 | to breathe | manianiák' | 59 | ||
29 | to sniff, smell | wasabáliʔ | 3 | ||
30 | mouth | ŋodə́i | 71 | ||
30 | mouth | ŋodui | 71 | ||
30 | mouth | muto-mytou | 72 | ||
31 | tooth | valis' | 2 | ||
32 | tongue | ridám' | 3 | ||
33 | to laugh | macacawáʔ | 1 | ||
34 | to cry | watobí:' | 54 | ||
35 | to vomit | suaŋalái | |||
36 | to spit | ŋalái | Sputum / Spittle not verb | 3 | |
37 | to eat | wakan' | 1 | ||
38 | to chew | ||||
39 | to cook | wagáʔ | |||
40 | to drink | woŋól' | 45 | ||
41 | to bite | wakác' | prefixed kaRaC. Irreg. -C | 1 | |
42 | to suck | waqa:nuqanúʔ | |||
43 | ear | cáliŋaʔ | 1 | ||
43 | ear | charinga | 1 | ||
44 | to hear | kialaláʔ | 52 | ||
45 | eye | macáʔ | 1 | ||
45 | eye | macha | 1 | ||
46 | to see | wacəʔə́l' | 77 | ||
47 | to yawn | ||||
48 | to sleep | wapə́c' | 77 | ||
48 | to sleep | oaʔəcə | 77 | ||
49 | to lie down | ʔikaiŋa waʔət' | |||
50 | to dream | ||||
51 | to sit | watakainə́n' | 103 | ||
52 | to stand | wáidi:' | 1 | ||
52 | to stand | wá'iri: | 1 | ||
53 | person/human being | ʔomás' | |||
54 | man/male | sawalái | 1, 108 | ||
54 | man/male | sarellai | 1, 108 | ||
54 | man/male | aoolai | 1, 108 | ||
55 | woman/female | ʔababái | 1, 105 | ||
55 | woman/female | abaia | 1 | ||
56 | child | rola'i | 20 | ||
56 | child | lalak' | 1 | ||
57 | husband | ||||
58 | wife | ||||
59 | mother | tináʔ | 1 | ||
60 | father | ta:máʔ | 1 | ||
61 | house | da:n' | 41 | ||
61 | house | dami | |||
62 | thatch/roof | ||||
63 | name | nagán' | 1 | ||
64 | to say | kawárevaʔ | 100 | ||
65 | rope | ʔunái | |||
66 | to tie up, fasten | wa'rə́c' | 71 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | wa'və́g | |||
67 | to sew | wacaicaisi | CaqiS | 1, 52 | |
68 | needle | ||||
69 | to hunt | walúp | 1 | ||
69 | to hunt | oaloʔo | 1 | ||
70 | to shoot | wabilakác' | |||
71 | to stab, pierce | warakád' | |||
71 | to stab, pierce | wadər'də́r' | |||
72 | to hit | wasasərúr' | to hit (with fist) | ||
73 | to steal | ||||
74 | to kill | wabicaluʔ | |||
74 | to kill | wapacai | 2 | ||
75 | to die, be dead | waʔacái | 1 | ||
75 | to die, be dead | opacai | 1 | ||
76 | to live, be alive | maliliŋái | 67? | ||
77 | to scratch | ʔogacəgácə | 62 | ||
78 | to cut, hack | wati'ábuʔ | 39 | ||
79 | stick/wood | kawaʔ | Tree / wood | 1 | |
79 | stick/wood | ʔaŋátuʔ | Tree / wood | 18 | |
80 | to split | mauvagái | |||
80 | to split | matatibi:' | |||
81 | sharp | magaráŋ | 41 | ||
82 | dull, blunt | mailút' | 53? | ||
83 | to work | ʔaitotomá:ʔ | |||
84 | to plant | ||||
85 | to choose | ||||
86 | to grow | ||||
87 | to swell | ||||
88 | to squeeze | wagəm'gə́m | Squeeze (in hand) | ||
89 | to hold | ma:laʔáʔ | 4 | ||
90 | to dig | waroqóʔ | 42 | ||
91 | to buy | ||||
92 | to open, uncover | ||||
93 | to pound, beat | ||||
94 | to throw | wadukúruʔ | 61 | ||
95 | to fall | ||||
96 | dog | taupóŋ | 40 | ||
97 | bird | aðaðám | 2 | ||
98 | egg | batók' | Why [k] and not [ʔ]? L? -EG | 32 | |
99 | feather | paridi' | 27 | ||
99 | feather | ʔaridi | 27 | ||
99 | feather | romó:' | 28 | ||
100 | wing | parédi' | 2 | ||
101 | to fly | ʔaŋia:palái | 49 | ||
102 | rat | təlíkiʔ | |||
103 | meat/flesh | bu'át' | cogante w/ Sirarya ? | 37 | |
104 | fat/grease | simá' | 2 | ||
105 | tail | tawə́s | 26 | ||
105 | tail | taoto | 26 | ||
106 | snake | ʔəlolái | 62 | ||
106 | snake | sulan | [n] for expected 0 < *ʀ -EG | 2? | L? |
107 | worm (earthworm) | ʔalələbai | |||
108 | louse | da:cəʔ | 31 | ||
108 | louse | da:coʔ | 31 | ||
108 | louse | ko:co: | 1 | ||
109 | mosquito | ʔatatimaláu | 31 | ||
109 | mosquito | tumuŋutu | |||
110 | spider | takəraravat' | < *(taka)lawas | 1, 75 | |
111 | fish | ká'aŋ | < PAN *KaRang 'crab' (LS) | 3 | |
112 | rotten | mabár' | 1 | ||
113 | branch | ||||
114 | leaf | ||||
115 | root | balác' | 7 | ||
116 | flower | bən'lái | |||
117 | fruit | madə́' | 2 | ||
118 | grass | ʔubə́l' | 59 | ||
119 | earth/soil | da'éʔ | 30 | ||
120 | stone | rənə́g' | 34 | ||
121 | sand | ʔənái | 1 | ||
122 | water | ʔacilái | 46 | ||
122 | water | achilai | 46 | ||
123 | to flow | moʔarór | 25 | ||
124 | sea | báyu | 54 | ||
124 | sea | raḍəkə | 53 | ||
124 | sea | baoŋ | 5 | ||
125 | salt | timóʔ | 2 | ||
126 | lake | báyuʔ | 30 | ||
127 | woods/forest | ||||
128 | sky | ʔəməʔə́məʔ | |||
129 | moon | damar | 25 | ||
130 | star | tariáu | 45 | ||
131 | cloud | əmə́'əm' | 80 | ||
132 | fog | camcám' | |||
133 | rain | ʔudál' | 1 | ||
134 | thunder | dərdə́r' | irreg loss of rhyme | 4 | |
135 | lightning | rikác' | 89 | ||
136 | wind | várig' | L? Expect [bari]. -EG | 2 | |
137 | to blow | wa'épiʔ | 1 | ||
138 | warm | waḍaŋḍáŋ | 78 | ||
139 | cold | makəcə́r' | 2 | ||
140 | dry | maməál | 87 | ||
141 | wet | madi:rəsə́ŋ | 75 | ||
142 | heavy | matiulə́g | 49 | ||
143 | fire | aʔói | 1 | ||
143 | fire | apoulu | 1? | ||
143 | fire | apoy | 1 | ||
144 | to burn | kualaʔáub' | Note: Intransitive not Transitive. | 78 | |
145 | smoke | ʔəbə́l' | *qebel | 1 | |
145 | smoke | uburon | 1 | ||
146 | ash | ʔábuʔ | 1 | ||
147 | black | maicələ́ŋ' | 2 | ||
148 | white | malədə́ʔ | 78? | ||
148 | white | pupili | 111 | ||
149 | red | dirərə́l' | 74 | ||
150 | yellow | bobə́rau'a' | |||
151 | green | saləsəsəʔ | Green / Blue | 56 | |
152 | small | təkí'aʔ | 84 | ||
153 | big | maḍáu | 33 | ||
154 | short | ʔədə́kai | 2 | ||
155 | long | mataŋəláʔ | 66 | ||
156 | thin | maləbíri' | |||
157 | thick | makidəmə́l | 21 | ||
158 | narrow | matiki: | 52 | ||
159 | wide | mua:ráu | |||
160 | painful, sick | əáŋ'əaŋ | |||
160 | painful, sick | macaəm | 3 | ||
161 | shy, ashamed | ||||
162 | old | marədáŋ | 130 | ||
163 | new | ba'o'a' | 1 | ||
164 | good | matarír' | 77 | ||
165 | bad, evil | malisi:' | 62 | ||
166 | correct, true | tatəŋánuli:' | 62 | ||
167 | night | ma'úŋ | 2 | ||
168 | day | váian | 17 | ||
169 | year | caili | from Laurent Sagart; L from Mantauran? -EG | 22 | |
170 | when? | kəigaʔ | 1, 25 | ||
170 | when? | ləígaʔ | 1, 47 | ||
171 | to hide | ||||
172 | to climb | ||||
173 | at | ||||
174 | in, inside | yakái | |||
174 | in, inside | adiŋ | 38 | ||
175 | above | bələ́ŋ | 44 | ||
176 | below | dauda:ə́ʔ | 25 | ||
177 | this | kaivái | 30? | ||
178 | that | ku'ani' | 23 | ||
179 | near | wadə́:ð' | 3 | ||
180 | far | ʔadáil' | 2 | ||
181 | where? | yaká'inuʔ | 1? | ||
182 | I | kunakoʔ | 1 | ||
183 | thou | kəsó:' | 1 | ||
184 | he/she | kua:níʔ | 16 | ||
185 | we | kunakuʔ | |||
185 | we | kota | 1 | ||
185 | we | kənái | 38 | ||
186 | you | konomi | 7 | ||
187 | they | kuanilaka'í' | |||
188 | what? | manə́maʔ | *nema | 16 | |
189 | who? | ʔanə́'aʔ | 32 | ||
190 | other | kuará:' | |||
191 | all | dumu:dumáʔ | |||
192 | and | ʔiraʔ | |||
193 | if | ||||
194 | how? | ma:tómaʔ | 43 | ||
195 | no, not | ||||
196 | to count | wa:sípiʔ | 3 | ||
197 | One | ʔə'aʔ | 1? | ||
197 | One | denga | |||
198 | Two | rusaʔ | 1 | ||
198 | Two | nousa | 1 | ||
199 | Three | turúʔ | 1 | ||
199 | Three | toro | 1 | ||
200 | Four | spa:t' | 1 | ||
200 | Four | patù | 1 | ||
201 | Five | rimáʔ | 1 | ||
201 | Five | limà | 1 | ||
202 | Six | neum | 1 | ||
202 | Six | neuma | 1 | ||
202 | Six | ʔənə́m' | 1 | ||
203 | Seven | pitúʔ | 1 | ||
203 | Seven | pitò | 1 | ||
204 | Eight | varóʔ | 3 | ||
204 | Eight | mevarou | 3 | ||
205 | Nine | baŋát' | 8 | ||
205 | Nine | bangato | 8 | ||
205 | Nine | bangatu | 8 | ||
206 | Ten | porók' | 5 | L | |
206 | Ten | pouroukou | 5 | L | |
207 | Twenty | mapusál' | 1 | ||
208 | Fifty | ||||
209 | One Hundred | ʔidái | 1 | ||
210 | One Thousand |