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Language: Rukai (Budai F69)

Source/Author:  Ferrell (1969) 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:dru  Glottocode: ruka1240 
Notes:  Ferrell, R.(1969). Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in cultural and linguistic classification. Monograph 17: Institute of Ethnology, Academica Sinica 
Problems:  Some slightly different cognacy - see annotations column.

Andreea: replaced /đ/ with /ð/ (cf. book). 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Simon Greenhill  Checked By: Simon Greenhill 
Statistics: 
  • Total Data: 246
  • Number of Retentions:
  • Number of Loans: 4
 
Classification:  Austronesian:Rukai 
Map 
 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing 3 of 14 entries. Show ALL logged changes

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
15 bone      
38 to chew word info      
47 to yawn      
50 to dream      
57 husband      
58 wife      
62 thatch/roof      
68 needle      
73 to steal      
84 to plant      
85 to choose      
86 to grow word info      
87 to swell word info      
91 to buy      
92 to open, uncover      
93 to pound, beat word info      
95 to fall word info      
113 branch word info      
114 leaf      
127 woods/forest      
161 shy, ashamed      
171 to hide word info      
172 to climb word info      
173 at      
193 if      
195 no, not      
208 Fifty word info      
210 One Thousand word info      
1 hand sətapai      
4 leg/foot tsapku      
4 leg/foot amou      
7 to come niamá'      
10 dirty malisíʔ      
11 dust səvə́g'      
25 neck rolun      
25 neck ourohu      
27 nose coumonu      
35 to vomit suaŋalái      
39 to cook word info wagáʔ      
42 to suck waqa:nuqanúʔ      
49 to lie down word info ʔikaiŋa waʔət'      
53 person/human being ʔomás'      
61 house dami      
65 rope ʔunái      
66 to tie up, fasten wa'və́g      
70 to shoot word info wabilakác'      
71 to stab, pierce warakád'      
71 to stab, pierce wadər'də́r'      
72 to hit word info wasasərúr' to hit (with fist)    
74 to kill wabicaluʔ      
80 to split word info mauvagái      
80 to split word info matatibi:'      
83 to work word info ʔaitotomá:ʔ      
88 to squeeze word info wagəm'gə́m Squeeze (in hand)    
102 rat təlíkiʔ      
107 worm (earthworm) ʔalələbai      
109 mosquito tumuŋutu      
116 flower bən'lái      
128 sky ʔəməʔə́məʔ      
132 fog camcám'      
150 yellow bobə́rau'a'      
156 thin word info maləbíri'      
159 wide mua:ráu      
160 painful, sick əáŋ'əaŋ      
174 in, inside yakái      
185 we word info kunakuʔ      
187 they kuanilaka'í'      
190 other kuará:'      
191 all dumu:dumáʔ      
192 and ʔiraʔ      
197 One word info denga      
1 hand ʔa:rimáʔ   1  
1 hand arema   1  
2 left viríʔ   1  
3 right vanál   1  
6 road/path kadarananə   1  
9 to swim walaŋúi   1  
17 liver ʔatái   1  
18 breast totóʔ   1  
24 head ʔáoloʔ   1  
25 neck rə'əʔ   1  
33 to laugh macacawáʔ   1  
37 to eat wakan'   1  
41 to bite wakác' prefixed kaRaC. Irreg. -C 1  
43 ear cáliŋaʔ   1  
43 ear charinga   1  
45 eye macáʔ   1  
45 eye macha   1  
52 to stand wáidi:'   1  
52 to stand wá'iri:   1  
55 woman/female abaia   1  
56 child lalak'   1  
59 mother tináʔ   1  
60 father ta:máʔ   1  
63 name nagán'   1  
69 to hunt word info walúp   1  
69 to hunt word info oaloʔo   1  
75 to die, be dead waʔacái   1  
75 to die, be dead opacai   1  
79 stick/wood kawaʔ Tree / wood 1  
108 louse word info ko:co:   1  
112 rotten word info mabár'   1  
121 sand ʔənái   1  
133 rain ʔudál'   1  
137 to blow word info wa'épiʔ   1  
143 fire aʔói   1  
143 fire apoy   1  
145 smoke word info ʔəbə́l' *qebel 1  
145 smoke word info uburon   1  
146 ash ʔábuʔ   1  
163 new ba'o'a'   1  
182 I kunakoʔ   1  
183 thou kəsó:'   1  
185 we word info kota   1  
198 Two word info rusaʔ   1  
198 Two word info nousa   1  
199 Three word info turúʔ   1  
199 Three word info toro   1  
200 Four word info spa:t'   1  
200 Four word info patù   1  
201 Five word info rimáʔ   1  
201 Five word info limà   1  
202 Six word info neum   1  
202 Six word info neuma   1  
202 Six word info ʔənə́m'   1  
203 Seven word info pitúʔ   1  
203 Seven word info pitò   1  
207 Twenty word info mapusál'   1  
209 One Hundred word info ʔidái   1  
55 woman/female ʔababái   1, 105  
54 man/male sawalái   1, 108  
54 man/male sarellai   1, 108  
54 man/male aoolai   1, 108  
170 when? word info kəigaʔ   1, 25  
170 when? word info ləígaʔ   1, 47  
67 to sew word info wacaicaisi CaqiS 1, 52  
110 spider takəraravat' < *(taka)lawas 1, 75  
64 to say kawárevaʔ   100  
51 to sit watakainə́n'   103  
148 white pupili   111  
21 to think kiarəm'rə́m' looks like this form is entered wrong. 13  
162 old word info marədáŋ   130  
184 he/she kua:níʔ   16  
188 what? word info manə́maʔ *nema 16  
168 day váian   17  
79 stick/wood ʔaŋátuʔ Tree / wood 18  
143 fire apoulu   1?  
181 where? word info yaká'inuʔ   1?  
197 One word info ʔə'aʔ   1?  
8 to turn word info maliuliús   2  
31 tooth valis'   2  
74 to kill wapacai   2  
97 bird aðaðám   2  
100 wing parédi'   2  
104 fat/grease simá'   2  
117 fruit madə́'   2  
125 salt timóʔ   2  
136 wind várig' L? Expect [bari]. -EG 2  
139 cold word info makəcə́r'   2  
147 black maicələ́ŋ'   2  
154 short word info ʔədə́kai   2  
167 night ma'úŋ   2  
180 far ʔadáil'   2  
56 child rola'i   20  
157 thick word info makidəmə́l   21  
169 year caili from Laurent Sagart; L from Mantauran? -EG 22  
5 to walk udadawác'   23  
178 that ku'ani'   23  
123 to flow moʔarór   25  
129 moon damar   25  
176 below dauda:ə́ʔ   25  
105 tail tawə́s   26  
105 tail taoto   26  
99 feather paridi'   27  
99 feather ʔaridi   27  
27 nose ongoho [AF] isn't it cognate with #27 *ŋusu? 27?  
99 feather romó:'   28  
27 nose ŋuŋu'á   28?  
106 snake sulan [n] for expected 0 < *ʀ -EG 2? L?
29 to sniff, smell wasabáliʔ   3  
32 tongue ridám'   3  
36 to spit ŋalái Sputum / Spittle not verb 3  
111 fish ká'aŋ < PAN *KaRang 'crab' (LS) 3  
160 painful, sick macaəm   3  
179 near wadə́:ð'   3  
196 to count wa:sípiʔ   3  
204 Eight word info varóʔ   3  
204 Eight word info mevarou   3  
119 earth/soil da'éʔ   30  
126 lake báyuʔ   30  
177 this kaivái   30?  
108 louse word info da:cəʔ   31  
108 louse word info da:coʔ   31  
109 mosquito ʔatatimaláu   31  
98 egg batók' Why [k] and not [ʔ]? L? -EG 32  
189 who? word info ʔanə́'aʔ   32  
153 big maḍáu   33  
120 stone rənə́g'   34  
103 meat/flesh bu'át' cogante w/ Sirarya ? 37  
174 in, inside adiŋ   38  
185 we word info kənái   38  
7 to come wakə:la   39  
78 to cut, hack word info wati'ábuʔ   39  
89 to hold word info ma:laʔáʔ   4  
134 thunder dərdə́r' irreg loss of rhyme 4  
23 blood ərái   40  
96 dog taupóŋ   40  
61 house da:n'   41  
81 sharp magaráŋ   41  
6 road/path kaur'á   42  
6 road/path kaələa   42  
90 to dig waroqóʔ   42  
194 how? word info ma:tómaʔ   43  
175 above bələ́ŋ   44  
24 head kapallu Skt kapala 'skull' 45 L
40 to drink woŋól'   45  
130 star tariáu   45  
122 water word info ʔacilái   46  
122 water word info achilai   46  
19 shoulder livadáŋ   49  
101 to fly ʔaŋia:palái   49  
142 heavy matiulə́g   49  
124 sea baoŋ   5  
206 Ten word info porók'   5 L
206 Ten word info pouroukou   5 L
26 hair word info isí'oʔ   50  
26 hair word info ussioi   50  
44 to hear kialaláʔ   52  
158 narrow matiki:   52  
16 intestines boʔóroʔ   53  
124 sea raḍəkə   53  
82 dull, blunt mailút'   53?  
34 to cry watobí:'   54  
124 sea báyu   54  
4 leg/foot dapal'   55  
4 leg/foot daʔal'   55  
151 green saləsəsəʔ Green / Blue 56  
22 to fear mok'lə́d'   57  
28 to breathe manianiák'   59  
118 grass ʔubə́l'   59  
94 to throw word info wadukúruʔ   61  
12 skin ikid'   62  
77 to scratch word info ʔogacəgácə   62  
106 snake ʔəlolái   62  
165 bad, evil malisi:'   62  
166 correct, true tatəŋánuli:'   62  
155 long word info mataŋəláʔ   66  
14 belly baráŋ'   67  
76 to live, be alive maliliŋái   67?  
19 shoulder tabalaŋa   7  
115 root balác'   7  
186 you konomi   7  
13 back word info dərə́k'   71  
20 to know, be knowledgeable watiŋál'   71  
30 mouth ŋodə́i   71  
30 mouth ŋodui   71  
66 to tie up, fasten wa'rə́c'   71  
30 mouth muto-mytou   72  
149 red dirərə́l'   74  
141 wet madi:rəsə́ŋ   75  
46 to see wacəʔə́l'   77  
48 to sleep wapə́c'   77  
48 to sleep oaʔəcə   77  
164 good matarír'   77  
138 warm word info waḍaŋḍáŋ   78  
144 to burn word info kualaʔáub' Note: Intransitive not Transitive. 78  
148 white malədə́ʔ   78?  
205 Nine word info baŋát'   8  
205 Nine word info bangato   8  
205 Nine word info bangatu   8  
131 cloud word info əmə́'əm'   80  
152 small təkí'aʔ   84  
140 dry word info maməál   87  
135 lightning rikác'   89  

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