Language: Rukai (Budai F69)
| Source/Author: | Ferrell (1969) | |
|---|---|---|
| Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:dru Glottocode: ruka1240 | |
| Notes: | Ferrell, R.(1969). Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in cultural and linguistic classification. Monograph 17: Institute of Ethnology, Academica Sinica | |
| Problems: | Some slightly different cognacy - see annotations column. Andreea: replaced /đ/ with /ð/ (cf. book). | |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Simon Greenhill Checked By: Simon Greenhill | |
| Statistics: |
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| Classification: | Austronesian:Rukai | |
| Map | ||
Resources:
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Tanan L04)
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Budai L04)
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Maga L04)
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Tona)
ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Rukai (Mantauran L04)
Ethnologue Information for dru
OLAC Information for dru
World Atlas of Language Structures Information for ruk-
[Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 14 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Malcolm Ross (2016-06-10 11:41:43)
- Changed from "várig'" (Word 136) - Emily Gasser (2015-09-28 02:10:18)
- Changed from "sulan" (Word 106) - Emily Gasser (2015-07-22 14:01:36)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 | bone | |
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| 38 | to chew
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| 47 | to yawn | |
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| 50 | to dream | |
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| 57 | husband | |
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| 58 | wife | |
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| 62 | thatch/roof | |
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| 68 | needle | |
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| 73 | to steal | |
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| 84 | to plant | |
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| 85 | to choose | |
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| 86 | to grow
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| 87 | to swell
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| 91 | to buy | |
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| 92 | to open, uncover | |
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| 93 | to pound, beat
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| 95 | to fall
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| 113 | branch
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| 114 | leaf | |
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| 127 | woods/forest | |
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| 161 | shy, ashamed | |
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| 171 | to hide
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| 172 | to climb
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| 173 | at | |
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| 193 | if | |
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| 195 | no, not | |
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| 208 | Fifty
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| 210 | One Thousand
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| 1 | hand | sətapai | |||
| 4 | leg/foot | tsapku | |||
| 4 | leg/foot | amou | |||
| 7 | to come | niamá' | |||
| 10 | dirty | malisíʔ | |||
| 11 | dust | səvə́g' | |||
| 25 | neck | rolun | |||
| 25 | neck | ourohu | |||
| 27 | nose | coumonu | |||
| 35 | to vomit | suaŋalái | |||
| 39 | to cook
|
wagáʔ | |||
| 42 | to suck | waqa:nuqanúʔ | |||
| 49 | to lie down
|
ʔikaiŋa waʔət' | |||
| 53 | person/human being | ʔomás' | |||
| 61 | house | dami | |||
| 65 | rope | ʔunái | |||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | wa'və́g | |||
| 70 | to shoot
|
wabilakác' | |||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | warakád' | |||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | wadər'də́r' | |||
| 72 | to hit
|
wasasərúr' | to hit (with fist) | ||
| 74 | to kill | wabicaluʔ | |||
| 80 | to split
|
mauvagái | |||
| 80 | to split
|
matatibi:' | |||
| 83 | to work
|
ʔaitotomá:ʔ | |||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
wagəm'gə́m | Squeeze (in hand) | ||
| 102 | rat | təlíkiʔ | |||
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | ʔalələbai | |||
| 109 | mosquito | tumuŋutu | |||
| 116 | flower | bən'lái | |||
| 128 | sky | ʔəməʔə́məʔ | |||
| 132 | fog | camcám' | |||
| 150 | yellow | bobə́rau'a' | |||
| 156 | thin
|
maləbíri' | |||
| 159 | wide | mua:ráu | |||
| 160 | painful, sick | əáŋ'əaŋ | |||
| 174 | in, inside | yakái | |||
| 185 | we
|
kunakuʔ | |||
| 187 | they | kuanilaka'í' | |||
| 190 | other | kuará:' | |||
| 191 | all | dumu:dumáʔ | |||
| 192 | and | ʔiraʔ | |||
| 197 | One
|
denga | |||
| 1 | hand | ʔa:rimáʔ | 1 | ||
| 1 | hand | arema | 1 | ||
| 2 | left | viríʔ | 1 | ||
| 3 | right | vanál | 1 | ||
| 6 | road/path | kadarananə | 1 | ||
| 9 | to swim | walaŋúi | 1 | ||
| 17 | liver | ʔatái | 1 | ||
| 18 | breast | totóʔ | 1 | ||
| 24 | head | ʔáoloʔ | 1 | ||
| 25 | neck | rə'əʔ | 1 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | macacawáʔ | 1 | ||
| 37 | to eat | wakan' | 1 | ||
| 41 | to bite | wakác' | prefixed kaRaC. Irreg. -C | 1 | |
| 43 | ear | cáliŋaʔ | 1 | ||
| 43 | ear | charinga | 1 | ||
| 45 | eye | macáʔ | 1 | ||
| 45 | eye | macha | 1 | ||
| 52 | to stand | wáidi:' | 1 | ||
| 52 | to stand | wá'iri: | 1 | ||
| 55 | woman/female | abaia | 1 | ||
| 56 | child | lalak' | 1 | ||
| 59 | mother | tináʔ | 1 | ||
| 60 | father | ta:máʔ | 1 | ||
| 63 | name | nagán' | 1 | ||
| 69 | to hunt
|
walúp | 1 | ||
| 69 | to hunt
|
oaloʔo | 1 | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | waʔacái | 1 | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | opacai | 1 | ||
| 79 | stick/wood | kawaʔ | Tree / wood | 1 | |
| 108 | louse
|
ko:co: | 1 | ||
| 112 | rotten
|
mabár' | 1 | ||
| 121 | sand | ʔənái | 1 | ||
| 133 | rain | ʔudál' | 1 | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
wa'épiʔ | 1 | ||
| 143 | fire | aʔói | 1 | ||
| 143 | fire | apoy | 1 | ||
| 145 | smoke
|
ʔəbə́l' | *qebel | 1 | |
| 145 | smoke
|
uburon | 1 | ||
| 146 | ash | ʔábuʔ | 1 | ||
| 163 | new | ba'o'a' | 1 | ||
| 182 | I | kunakoʔ | 1 | ||
| 183 | thou | kəsó:' | 1 | ||
| 185 | we
|
kota | 1 | ||
| 198 | Two
|
rusaʔ | 1 | ||
| 198 | Two
|
nousa | 1 | ||
| 199 | Three
|
turúʔ | 1 | ||
| 199 | Three
|
toro | 1 | ||
| 200 | Four
|
spa:t' | 1 | ||
| 200 | Four
|
patù | 1 | ||
| 201 | Five
|
rimáʔ | 1 | ||
| 201 | Five
|
limà | 1 | ||
| 202 | Six
|
neum | 1 | ||
| 202 | Six
|
neuma | 1 | ||
| 202 | Six
|
ʔənə́m' | 1 | ||
| 203 | Seven
|
pitúʔ | 1 | ||
| 203 | Seven
|
pitò | 1 | ||
| 207 | Twenty
|
mapusál' | 1 | ||
| 209 | One Hundred
|
ʔidái | 1 | ||
| 55 | woman/female | ʔababái | 1, 105 | ||
| 54 | man/male | sawalái | 1, 108 | ||
| 54 | man/male | sarellai | 1, 108 | ||
| 54 | man/male | aoolai | 1, 108 | ||
| 170 | when?
|
kəigaʔ | 1, 25 | ||
| 170 | when?
|
ləígaʔ | 1, 47 | ||
| 67 | to sew
|
wacaicaisi | CaqiS | 1, 52 | |
| 110 | spider | takəraravat' | < *(taka)lawas | 1, 75 | |
| 64 | to say | kawárevaʔ | 100 | ||
| 51 | to sit | watakainə́n' | 103 | ||
| 148 | white | pupili | 111 | ||
| 21 | to think | kiarəm'rə́m' | looks like this form is entered wrong. | 13 | |
| 162 | old
|
marədáŋ | 130 | ||
| 184 | he/she | kua:níʔ | 16 | ||
| 188 | what?
|
manə́maʔ | *nema | 16 | |
| 168 | day | váian | 17 | ||
| 79 | stick/wood | ʔaŋátuʔ | Tree / wood | 18 | |
| 143 | fire | apoulu | 1? | ||
| 181 | where?
|
yaká'inuʔ | 1? | ||
| 197 | One
|
ʔə'aʔ | 1? | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
maliuliús | 2 | ||
| 31 | tooth | valis' | 2 | ||
| 74 | to kill | wapacai | 2 | ||
| 97 | bird | aðaðám | 2 | ||
| 100 | wing | parédi' | 2 | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | simá' | 2 | ||
| 117 | fruit | madə́' | 2 | ||
| 125 | salt | timóʔ | 2 | ||
| 136 | wind | várig' | L? Expect [bari]. -EG | 2 | |
| 139 | cold
|
makəcə́r' | 2 | ||
| 147 | black | maicələ́ŋ' | 2 | ||
| 154 | short
|
ʔədə́kai | 2 | ||
| 167 | night | ma'úŋ | 2 | ||
| 180 | far | ʔadáil' | 2 | ||
| 56 | child | rola'i | 20 | ||
| 157 | thick
|
makidəmə́l | 21 | ||
| 169 | year | caili | from Laurent Sagart; L from Mantauran? -EG | 22 | |
| 5 | to walk | udadawác' | 23 | ||
| 178 | that | ku'ani' | 23 | ||
| 123 | to flow | moʔarór | 25 | ||
| 129 | moon | damar | 25 | ||
| 176 | below | dauda:ə́ʔ | 25 | ||
| 105 | tail | tawə́s | 26 | ||
| 105 | tail | taoto | 26 | ||
| 99 | feather | paridi' | 27 | ||
| 99 | feather | ʔaridi | 27 | ||
| 27 | nose | ongoho | [AF] isn't it cognate with #27 *ŋusu? | 27? | |
| 99 | feather | romó:' | 28 | ||
| 27 | nose | ŋuŋu'á | 28? | ||
| 106 | snake | sulan | [n] for expected 0 < *ʀ -EG | 2? | L? |
| 29 | to sniff, smell | wasabáliʔ | 3 | ||
| 32 | tongue | ridám' | 3 | ||
| 36 | to spit | ŋalái | Sputum / Spittle not verb | 3 | |
| 111 | fish | ká'aŋ | < PAN *KaRang 'crab' (LS) | 3 | |
| 160 | painful, sick | macaəm | 3 | ||
| 179 | near | wadə́:ð' | 3 | ||
| 196 | to count | wa:sípiʔ | 3 | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
varóʔ | 3 | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
mevarou | 3 | ||
| 119 | earth/soil | da'éʔ | 30 | ||
| 126 | lake | báyuʔ | 30 | ||
| 177 | this | kaivái | 30? | ||
| 108 | louse
|
da:cəʔ | 31 | ||
| 108 | louse
|
da:coʔ | 31 | ||
| 109 | mosquito | ʔatatimaláu | 31 | ||
| 98 | egg | batók' | Why [k] and not [ʔ]? L? -EG | 32 | |
| 189 | who?
|
ʔanə́'aʔ | 32 | ||
| 153 | big | maḍáu | 33 | ||
| 120 | stone | rənə́g' | 34 | ||
| 103 | meat/flesh | bu'át' | cogante w/ Sirarya ? | 37 | |
| 174 | in, inside | adiŋ | 38 | ||
| 185 | we
|
kənái | 38 | ||
| 7 | to come | wakə:la | 39 | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
wati'ábuʔ | 39 | ||
| 89 | to hold
|
ma:laʔáʔ | 4 | ||
| 134 | thunder | dərdə́r' | irreg loss of rhyme | 4 | |
| 23 | blood | ərái | 40 | ||
| 96 | dog | taupóŋ | 40 | ||
| 61 | house | da:n' | 41 | ||
| 81 | sharp | magaráŋ | 41 | ||
| 6 | road/path | kaur'á | 42 | ||
| 6 | road/path | kaələa | 42 | ||
| 90 | to dig | waroqóʔ | 42 | ||
| 194 | how?
|
ma:tómaʔ | 43 | ||
| 175 | above | bələ́ŋ | 44 | ||
| 24 | head | kapallu | Skt kapala 'skull' | 45 | L |
| 40 | to drink | woŋól' | 45 | ||
| 130 | star | tariáu | 45 | ||
| 122 | water
|
ʔacilái | 46 | ||
| 122 | water
|
achilai | 46 | ||
| 19 | shoulder | livadáŋ | 49 | ||
| 101 | to fly | ʔaŋia:palái | 49 | ||
| 142 | heavy | matiulə́g | 49 | ||
| 124 | sea | baoŋ | 5 | ||
| 206 | Ten
|
porók' | 5 | L | |
| 206 | Ten
|
pouroukou | 5 | L | |
| 26 | hair
|
isí'oʔ | 50 | ||
| 26 | hair
|
ussioi | 50 | ||
| 44 | to hear | kialaláʔ | 52 | ||
| 158 | narrow | matiki: | 52 | ||
| 16 | intestines | boʔóroʔ | 53 | ||
| 124 | sea | raḍəkə | 53 | ||
| 82 | dull, blunt | mailút' | 53? | ||
| 34 | to cry | watobí:' | 54 | ||
| 124 | sea | báyu | 54 | ||
| 4 | leg/foot | dapal' | 55 | ||
| 4 | leg/foot | daʔal' | 55 | ||
| 151 | green | saləsəsəʔ | Green / Blue | 56 | |
| 22 | to fear | mok'lə́d' | 57 | ||
| 28 | to breathe | manianiák' | 59 | ||
| 118 | grass | ʔubə́l' | 59 | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
wadukúruʔ | 61 | ||
| 12 | skin | ikid' | 62 | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
ʔogacəgácə | 62 | ||
| 106 | snake | ʔəlolái | 62 | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | malisi:' | 62 | ||
| 166 | correct, true | tatəŋánuli:' | 62 | ||
| 155 | long
|
mataŋəláʔ | 66 | ||
| 14 | belly | baráŋ' | 67 | ||
| 76 | to live, be alive | maliliŋái | 67? | ||
| 19 | shoulder | tabalaŋa | 7 | ||
| 115 | root | balác' | 7 | ||
| 186 | you | konomi | 7 | ||
| 13 | back
|
dərə́k' | 71 | ||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | watiŋál' | 71 | ||
| 30 | mouth | ŋodə́i | 71 | ||
| 30 | mouth | ŋodui | 71 | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | wa'rə́c' | 71 | ||
| 30 | mouth | muto-mytou | 72 | ||
| 149 | red | dirərə́l' | 74 | ||
| 141 | wet | madi:rəsə́ŋ | 75 | ||
| 46 | to see | wacəʔə́l' | 77 | ||
| 48 | to sleep | wapə́c' | 77 | ||
| 48 | to sleep | oaʔəcə | 77 | ||
| 164 | good | matarír' | 77 | ||
| 138 | warm
|
waḍaŋḍáŋ | 78 | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
kualaʔáub' | Note: Intransitive not Transitive. | 78 | |
| 148 | white | malədə́ʔ | 78? | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
baŋát' | 8 | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
bangato | 8 | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
bangatu | 8 | ||
| 131 | cloud
|
əmə́'əm' | 80 | ||
| 152 | small | təkí'aʔ | 84 | ||
| 140 | dry
|
maməál | 87 | ||
| 135 | lightning | rikác' | 89 |





