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Language: Rukai (Budai F69)

Source/Author:  Ferrell (1969) 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:dru  Glottocode: ruka1240 
Notes:  Ferrell, R.(1969). Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in cultural and linguistic classification. Monograph 17: Institute of Ethnology, Academica Sinica 
Problems:  Some slightly different cognacy - see annotations column.

Andreea: replaced /đ/ with /ð/ (cf. book). 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Simon Greenhill  Checked By: Simon Greenhill 
Statistics: 
  • Total Data: 246
  • Number of Retentions:
  • Number of Loans: 4
 
Classification:  Austronesian:Rukai 
Map 
 

Resources:

Change History:

Showing 3 of 14 entries. Show ALL logged changes

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
15 bone      
38 to chew word info      
47 to yawn      
50 to dream      
57 husband      
58 wife      
62 thatch/roof      
68 needle      
73 to steal      
84 to plant      
85 to choose      
86 to grow word info      
87 to swell word info      
91 to buy      
92 to open, uncover      
93 to pound, beat word info      
95 to fall word info      
113 branch word info      
114 leaf      
127 woods/forest      
161 shy, ashamed      
171 to hide word info      
172 to climb word info      
173 at      
193 if      
195 no, not      
208 Fifty word info      
210 One Thousand word info      
55 woman/female abaia   1  
122 water word info achilai   46  
174 in, inside adiŋ   38  
4 leg/foot amou      
54 man/male aoolai   1, 108  
143 fire apoulu   1?  
143 fire apoy   1  
1 hand arema   1  
97 bird aðaðám   2  
143 fire aʔói   1  
163 new ba'o'a'   1  
115 root balác'   7  
205 Nine word info bangato   8  
205 Nine word info bangatu   8  
124 sea baoŋ   5  
14 belly baráŋ'   67  
98 egg batók' Why [k] and not [ʔ]? L? -EG 32  
205 Nine word info baŋát'   8  
150 yellow bobə́rau'a'      
16 intestines boʔóroʔ   53  
103 meat/flesh bu'át' cogante w/ Sirarya ? 37  
124 sea báyu   54  
126 lake báyuʔ   30  
175 above bələ́ŋ   44  
116 flower bən'lái      
169 year caili from Laurent Sagart; L from Mantauran? -EG 22  
132 fog camcám'      
43 ear charinga   1  
27 nose coumonu      
43 ear cáliŋaʔ   1  
119 earth/soil da'éʔ   30  
108 louse word info da:coʔ   31  
108 louse word info da:cəʔ   31  
61 house da:n'   41  
129 moon damar   25  
61 house dami      
4 leg/foot dapal'   55  
176 below dauda:ə́ʔ   25  
4 leg/foot daʔal'   55  
197 One word info denga      
149 red dirərə́l'   74  
191 all dumu:dumáʔ      
134 thunder dərdə́r' irreg loss of rhyme 4  
13 back word info dərə́k'   71  
12 skin ikid'   62  
26 hair word info isí'oʔ   50  
6 road/path kadarananə   1  
177 this kaivái   30?  
24 head kapallu Skt kapala 'skull' 45 L
6 road/path kaur'á   42  
79 stick/wood kawaʔ Tree / wood 1  
64 to say kawárevaʔ   100  
6 road/path kaələa   42  
44 to hear kialaláʔ   52  
21 to think kiarəm'rə́m' looks like this form is entered wrong. 13  
108 louse word info ko:co:   1  
186 you konomi   7  
185 we word info kota   1  
178 that ku'ani'   23  
184 he/she kua:níʔ   16  
144 to burn word info kualaʔáub' Note: Intransitive not Transitive. 78  
187 they kuanilaka'í'      
190 other kuará:'      
182 I kunakoʔ   1  
185 we word info kunakuʔ      
111 fish ká'aŋ < PAN *KaRang 'crab' (LS) 3  
170 when? word info kəigaʔ   1, 25  
185 we word info kənái   38  
183 thou kəsó:'   1  
56 child lalak'   1  
201 Five word info limà   1  
19 shoulder livadáŋ   49  
170 when? word info ləígaʔ   1, 47  
167 night ma'úŋ   2  
89 to hold word info ma:laʔáʔ   4  
194 how? word info ma:tómaʔ   43  
112 rotten word info mabár'   1  
33 to laugh macacawáʔ   1  
160 painful, sick macaəm   3  
45 eye macha   1  
45 eye macáʔ   1  
141 wet madi:rəsə́ŋ   75  
117 fruit madə́'   2  
81 sharp magaráŋ   41  
147 black maicələ́ŋ'   2  
82 dull, blunt mailút'   53?  
157 thick word info makidəmə́l   21  
139 cold word info makəcə́r'   2  
76 to live, be alive maliliŋái   67?  
165 bad, evil malisi:'   62  
10 dirty malisíʔ      
8 to turn word info maliuliús   2  
156 thin word info maləbíri'      
148 white malədə́ʔ   78?  
140 dry word info maməál   87  
28 to breathe manianiák'   59  
188 what? word info manə́maʔ *nema 16  
207 Twenty word info mapusál'   1  
162 old word info marədáŋ   130  
164 good matarír'   77  
80 to split word info matatibi:'      
155 long word info mataŋəláʔ   66  
158 narrow matiki:   52  
142 heavy matiulə́g   49  
80 to split word info mauvagái      
153 big maḍáu   33  
204 Eight word info mevarou   3  
22 to fear mok'lə́d'   57  
123 to flow moʔarór   25  
159 wide mua:ráu      
30 mouth muto-mytou   72  
63 name nagán'   1  
202 Six word info neum   1  
202 Six word info neuma   1  
7 to come niamá'      
198 Two word info nousa   1  
69 to hunt word info oaloʔo   1  
48 to sleep oaʔəcə   77  
27 nose ongoho [AF] isn't it cognate with #27 *ŋusu? 27?  
75 to die, be dead opacai   1  
25 neck ourohu      
99 feather paridi'   27  
100 wing parédi'   2  
200 Four word info patù   1  
203 Seven word info pitò   1  
203 Seven word info pitúʔ   1  
206 Ten word info porók'   5 L
206 Ten word info pouroukou   5 L
148 white pupili   111  
124 sea raḍəkə   53  
32 tongue ridám'   3  
135 lightning rikác'   89  
201 Five word info rimáʔ   1  
56 child rola'i   20  
25 neck rolun      
99 feather romó:'   28  
198 Two word info rusaʔ   1  
25 neck rə'əʔ   1  
120 stone rənə́g'   34  
151 green saləsəsəʔ Green / Blue 56  
54 man/male sarellai   1, 108  
54 man/male sawalái   1, 108  
104 fat/grease simá'   2  
200 Four word info spa:t'   1  
35 to vomit suaŋalái      
106 snake sulan [n] for expected 0 < *ʀ -EG 2? L?
1 hand sətapai      
11 dust səvə́g'      
60 father ta:máʔ   1  
19 shoulder tabalaŋa   7  
110 spider takəraravat' < *(taka)lawas 1, 75  
105 tail taoto   26  
130 star tariáu   45  
166 correct, true tatəŋánuli:'   62  
96 dog taupóŋ   40  
105 tail tawə́s   26  
125 salt timóʔ   2  
59 mother tináʔ   1  
199 Three word info toro   1  
18 breast totóʔ   1  
4 leg/foot tsapku      
109 mosquito tumuŋutu      
199 Three word info turúʔ   1  
152 small təkí'aʔ   84  
102 rat təlíkiʔ      
145 smoke word info uburon   1  
5 to walk udadawác'   23  
26 hair word info ussioi   50  
31 tooth valis'   2  
3 right vanál   1  
204 Eight word info varóʔ   3  
2 left viríʔ   1  
168 day váian   17  
136 wind várig' L? Expect [bari]. -EG 2  
66 to tie up, fasten wa'rə́c'   71  
66 to tie up, fasten wa'və́g      
137 to blow word info wa'épiʔ   1  
196 to count wa:sípiʔ   3  
74 to kill wabicaluʔ      
70 to shoot word info wabilakác'      
67 to sew word info wacaicaisi CaqiS 1, 52  
46 to see wacəʔə́l'   77  
94 to throw word info wadukúruʔ   61  
71 to stab, pierce wadər'də́r'      
179 near wadə́:ð'   3  
39 to cook word info wagáʔ      
88 to squeeze word info wagəm'gə́m Squeeze (in hand)    
37 to eat wakan'   1  
41 to bite wakác' prefixed kaRaC. Irreg. -C 1  
7 to come wakə:la   39  
9 to swim walaŋúi   1  
69 to hunt word info walúp   1  
74 to kill wapacai   2  
48 to sleep wapə́c'   77  
42 to suck waqa:nuqanúʔ      
71 to stab, pierce warakád'      
90 to dig waroqóʔ   42  
29 to sniff, smell wasabáliʔ   3  
72 to hit word info wasasərúr' to hit (with fist)    
51 to sit watakainə́n'   103  
78 to cut, hack word info wati'ábuʔ   39  
20 to know, be knowledgeable watiŋál'   71  
34 to cry watobí:'   54  
75 to die, be dead waʔacái   1  
138 warm word info waḍaŋḍáŋ   78  
40 to drink woŋól'   45  
52 to stand wá'iri:   1  
52 to stand wáidi:'   1  
181 where? word info yaká'inuʔ   1?  
174 in, inside yakái      
36 to spit ŋalái Sputum / Spittle not verb 3  
30 mouth ŋodui   71  
30 mouth ŋodə́i   71  
27 nose ŋuŋu'á   28?  
131 cloud word info əmə́'əm'   80  
23 blood ərái   40  
160 painful, sick əáŋ'əaŋ      
1 hand ʔa:rimáʔ   1  
55 woman/female ʔababái   1, 105  
122 water word info ʔacilái   46  
180 far ʔadáil'   2  
83 to work word info ʔaitotomá:ʔ      
107 worm (earthworm) ʔalələbai      
189 who? word info ʔanə́'aʔ   32  
99 feather ʔaridi   27  
109 mosquito ʔatatimaláu   31  
17 liver ʔatái   1  
101 to fly ʔaŋia:palái   49  
79 stick/wood ʔaŋátuʔ Tree / wood 18  
209 One Hundred word info ʔidái   1  
49 to lie down word info ʔikaiŋa waʔət'      
192 and ʔiraʔ      
77 to scratch word info ʔogacəgácə   62  
53 person/human being ʔomás'      
118 grass ʔubə́l'   59  
133 rain ʔudál'   1  
65 rope ʔunái      
146 ash ʔábuʔ   1  
24 head ʔáoloʔ   1  
197 One word info ʔə'aʔ   1?  
145 smoke word info ʔəbə́l' *qebel 1  
154 short word info ʔədə́kai   2  
106 snake ʔəlolái   62  
128 sky ʔəməʔə́məʔ      
121 sand ʔənái   1  
202 Six word info ʔənə́m'   1  

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